![65
*Setting up small scale industries in semi-rural
areas.
*Implementing many programmers' such as
NREGA 2005.
*Creating job opportunities in service sector
[schools ,tourism, hospitals].
*Allow credit at a lower rate.
*Setting up small scale industries in semi-rural
areas.
*Implementing many programmers' such as
NREGA 2005.
*Creating job opportunities in service sector
[schools ,tourism, hospitals].
*Allow credit at a lower rate.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/sectorsofindianeconomy1-150814044839-lva1-app6892/75/SECTORS-OF-INDIAN-ECONOMY-FOR-CLASS10-65-2048.jpg)
Uploaded byJOMY JOHNSON
SECTORS OF INDIAN ECONOMY FOR CLASS10
This document provides an overview of the sectors of the Indian economy including primary, secondary, tertiary, organized and unorganized sectors as well as public and private sectors. It discusses the classification and nature of activities in each sector. Over time, the importance of sectors has shifted from primary to secondary to tertiary as countries develop. Currently, the tertiary sector contributes the most to India's GDP and employs the largest portion of the population. The unorganized sector employs most workers but lacks benefits and protections.
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SECTORS OF INDIAN ECONOMY FOR CLASS10
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- 4. CONTENT Select a slideto continue or wait for a few seconds for auto-continuation after clicking {slide show} TOPIC SLIDE NO. ECONOMY OF INDIA{BRIEF INTRODUCTION} 6-11 CLASSIFICATION OF SECTORS 12-13 CLASSIFICATION ABOUT NATURE OF ACTIVITY 14 PRIMARY SECTOR 15-20 SECONDARY SECTOR 21-24 TERTIARY SECTOR 25-37 GDP 38-40 HISTORICAL CHANGE IN SECTORS 41-44 RISING IMPORTANCE OF TERTIARY SECTOR IN PRODUCTION 45 WHY IS THE TERTIARY SECTOR BECOMING SO IMPORTANT IN INDIA 46-47 WHERE ARE THE MOST OF THE PEOPLE- 4
- 5. 5 TOPIC SLIDE NO. EMPLOYED?WHY?48 UNEMPLOYMENT 49-51 NREGA 52-53 CLASSIFICATION ABOUT WORKING CONDITION- OF PEOPLE 54 ORGANISED SECTOR 55-57 BENEFITS FROM EMPLOYERS 58-59 UN ORGANISED SECTOR 60-63 DISADVANTAGES FROM THE EMPLOYERS 64 HOW TO PROTECT WORKERS IN THE UNORGANISED SECTOR 65 CLASSIFICATION OF OWNERSHIP BASIS 66 PUBLIC SECTOR 67-74 PRIVATE SECTOR 75-78
- 6. Currency Indian rupee(INR)()=100 Paise Fiscal year April 1—31 march Trade organization WTO,SAFTA,BRICS,G-20 and others GDP $2.04 trillion GDP rank 10th (nominal)/3rd (PPP) GDP growth 11.5%(nominal,2014-15) 6
- 7. $7.4%(real ,2014-15)(Official projection per2014methodology GDP per capita $1,625(nominal::130th ;2014) $5,777(PPP:127th ;2014) GPD by sector Agriculture:13.7%, industry:21.5%, service:64.8% (2013) Inflation(CPI) CPI: 5.11% WPI: -2.06%(Feb,2015) Population below poverty line 24.6%,300.4 million (2011, World bank ,Based on 2005 ICP PPP) 21.9%(2012,Reserve Bank Of India) 21.9%(2012,United Nation’s Millennium Development Goal (MGD) programmed Gini coefficient 33.9(2012 est.) 7
- 8. Labour force 487.3million Labourforce by occupation Agriculture:49% ,industry:20%, services:31% (2012 est.) Unemployment 3% Urban 2% Rural,10.8 million total (2013,NSSO method) Average gross salary $1.46 per hour($3,036.8 yearly in 2010) GNI per capita :$1,570 yearly per person (2013) Average household income:$6,671 yearly (2011) Main Industries Software, petroleum products, chemical, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, textiles, steel, transportation, equipment, machinery, cement, mining, construction Ease-of-doing-business rank 134th (2014) 8
- 9. Exports $313.2 billion:merchandize exports, $150.9 billion: service exports, $464.2 billion: total(2013) Export goods Software, petrochemical, agriculture products, jewelry, engineering goods, pharmaceuticals, textiles, chemicals, transportation parts, ores and other commodities. Main export partner European union 16.7%(2013) United states 12.5% United Arab Emirates 10.1% China 4.9% Singapore 4.2% Imports $466 billion :merchandize imports, $124.6 billion: services imports, $590.6 billion: total(2013) Import goods Crude oil, gold and precious stones, electronics, engineering goods, chemicals, plastics, coal and ores, iron and steel, vegetables, oil, and other commodities 9
- 10. Main imports partners China 11.1%(2013) Europeanunion 10.6% Saudi Arabia 7.9% United Arab Emirates 7.1% Switzerland 5.3% FDI stock Inflow :$151.7 billion, Outflows:$54.6billion (2009-2013) Public debt 66.7% of GDP (2013) Budget deficit 4.1% of GDP (2014-15) Revenues $181.3 billion billion(2013est) Expenses $281.6 billion billion (2013 est.) Credit rating BBB-(Domestic) BBB-(Foreign) BBB+(T&C Assessment) Outlook:Stable (Standard and Poor) 10
- 11. Economic aid $1.66billion (2012) Foreign reserves $341.4 billion (as of 27 march 2015) 11
- 12. Nature of job Workingcondition Ownership 12
- 13. SECTORS OF INDIAN ECONOMY SECTORS OF INDIAN ECONOMY PRIMARYSECTORPRIMARY SECTOR SECONDARY SECTOR TERTIARY SECTOR ORGANISED UN ORGANISED PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR ON THE BASIS OF NATURE OF JOB ON THE BASIS OF WORKING CONDITION ON THE BASIS OF OWNERSHIP 13
- 14. NaTurE Of ThE aCTiviTyBEiNg PErfOrmEd NaTurE Of ThE aCTiviTy BEiNg PErfOrmEd PRIMARYPRIMARY SECONDARYSECONDARY TERTIARYTERTIARY 14
- 15. Primary sectors areactivities undertaken by using natural resources Example - Agriculture, Mining, Forestry, Fishing, Dairy, etc. It is called primary sector because it forms the base for all other product That we subsequently make. Since most of the natural product we get from agriculture, dairy, forestry, Fishing it is also called agriculture and related sector Primary sectors are activities undertaken by using natural resources Example - Agriculture, Mining, Forestry, Fishing, Dairy, etc. It is called primary sector because it forms the base for all other product That we subsequently make. Since most of the natural product we get from agriculture, dairy, forestry, Fishing it is also called agriculture and related sector15
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- 21. It covers activitiesin which natural products are changed into other forms throughways of manufacturing that we associate with industrial activity. It is next step after primary ,where the product by nature but has to be made some process of manufacturing is essential ,it could be in a factory ,a workshop or at home Examples- using cotton fibre from plant, we spin yarn and weave cloth ;using sugarcane as a Raw material we make sugar or gur; we convert earth into bricks. Since this sector is associated with different kinds of industries ,it is also called industrial sector 21
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- 25. These are theactivities that help in the development of the primary &secondary sector. These activities by themselves do not produce good but they are an aid and support to the production process Examples a)transportation- goods that are produced in the primary sector need to be transported by trucks or trains and than sold In the wholesale and retail shops. b)storage- at times it is necessary to store these products in godowns , which is also a service made available. c)Communication—taking to others d)Banking-borrowing money from the bank. Since these activities are generate services rather than goods it is also called service sector. 25
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- 39. 39 GROOS DOMESTIC PRODUCTION Thevalue of final goods and service produced in each sector during a particular year provides the total production of the sector for that year. And sum of production in the three sectors give Gross Domestic Production-GDP of the country. It is the value of all final goods and services produced within the country during a particular year. GDP shows how big the economy is. Measuring GDP is undertaken by the central government ministry ,with the help of various govt. departments of all the Indian states and union territories collects information relating to total volume of goods and services and their prices and then estimating the GDP The value of final goods and service produced in each sector during a particular year provides the total production of the sector for that year. And sum of production in the three sectors give Gross Domestic Production-GDP of the country. It is the value of all final goods and services produced within the country during a particular year. GDP shows how big the economy is. Measuring GDP is undertaken by the central government ministry ,with the help of various govt. departments of all the Indian states and union territories collects information relating to total volume of goods and services and their prices and then estimating the GDP
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- 42. 42 After observing thechanges that have come in the development patterns of the sectors, it has been found that In the Initial stages of the development the Primary Sector was the most important sector of economic activity. As the methods of farming changed and agricultural sector began to prosper it produced much more food than before and many people could take-up many other activities which led to the increase in number of activities . However at this stage most of the goods produced were natural products from the Primary sector, hence most people were employed in this sector. After observing the changes that have come in the development patterns of the sectors, it has been found that In the Initial stages of the development the Primary Sector was the most important sector of economic activity. As the methods of farming changed and agricultural sector began to prosper it produced much more food than before and many people could take-up many other activities which led to the increase in number of activities . However at this stage most of the goods produced were natural products from the Primary sector, hence most people were employed in this sector.
- 43. 43 Over a longtime (more than hundred year or so) because new methods of manufacturing were introduced , factories came up and started expanding . People began to work in factories in large number , and also people started using factory goods in large number as they were cheap. Secondary sector gradually became the most important in total production and employment ,There was a shift and the importance of the sectors also changed .
- 44. 44 In past hundred,there has been a further shift from Secondary to Tertiary sector in the developed countries. The service sector has become the most important in terms of total production. Most of working people are also employed in the service sector.
- 45. 45 Over thirty yearsbetween 1973-2003, production in the tertiary sector has increased the most, and it has emerged as the largest producing sector in India replacing the primary sector.
- 46. 46 In any countryseveral services such as hospitals, educational institution , post office ,police station ,courts, defense ,transport, bank etc etc… are required. These can be considered as basic services. In a developing country the government has to take responsibility for the provision of these services. The development of agriculture and industry leads to the development of services such as transport, trade, storage and the like ,as we have already seen. Greater the development of the primary and secondary sectors , more would be the demand for such services. In any country several services such as hospitals, educational institution , post office ,police station ,courts, defense ,transport, bank etc etc… are required. These can be considered as basic services. In a developing country the government has to take responsibility for the provision of these services. The development of agriculture and industry leads to the development of services such as transport, trade, storage and the like ,as we have already seen. Greater the development of the primary and secondary sectors , more would be the demand for such services.
- 47. 47 As income levelrise, certain section of people start demanding many more services like eating out, tourism ,shopping, private hospitals , private schools etc.. You can see this change quite sharply in cities, especially in big cities. New services such as those based on information and communication technology are important and essential. The production of these services has been rising rapidly. As income level rise, certain section of people start demanding many more services like eating out, tourism ,shopping, private hospitals , private schools etc.. You can see this change quite sharply in cities, especially in big cities. New services such as those based on information and communication technology are important and essential. The production of these services has been rising rapidly.
- 48. 48 The primary sectoremploys the largest number of people in India. It is because not enough job were created in the secondary and tertiary sector
- 49. 49 It is asituation ,where people are apparently working but all of them are made to work less than their potential. If few people move out, it will not effect the production. It is hidden in contrast to the open unemployment where a person is clearly or visibly without job. It is also called disused unemployment. This underemployment also happens in the other sector for example.. There are thousands of casual workers in services sector in the urban areas as painters, plumbers, repair person etc..
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- 52. 52 National Rural EmploymentGuarantee Act 2005 Started by the central govt. Made a law implementing Right to work in 200 districts of India. All those who are in need of work will get guaranteed 100 days work and if the govt. fails to do so it will give unemployment allowances to them. The work will of the type which will in future help to increase the production from land will be given preference under the Act.
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- 55. 55 Terms of employmentare regular , so people have assured work. Registered by the government. Follows rules and regulation given in various laws Has some formal processes and procedures.
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- 58. 58 *Paid leave *Payment duringholidays *Provident fund *Gratuity *Medical benefits *Workers get pension after retirement *Paid leave *Payment during holidays *Provident fund *Gratuity *Medical benefits *Workers get pension after retirement
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- 60. 60 Characterized by smalland scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government. There are rules and regulation but these are not followed. Low paid jobs and often not regular. There is no provision for overtime.
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- 64. 64 *There is noprovision for overtime, paid ,leave, holidays, leave due to sickness…… *Employment is not secure *example: Farmers work on their own and hire laborers as and when they require. Some people can also be asked to leave the job .
- 65. 65 *Setting up smallscale industries in semi-rural areas. *Implementing many programmers' such as NREGA 2005. *Creating job opportunities in service sector [schools ,tourism, hospitals]. *Allow credit at a lower rate. *Setting up small scale industries in semi-rural areas. *Implementing many programmers' such as NREGA 2005. *Creating job opportunities in service sector [schools ,tourism, hospitals]. *Allow credit at a lower rate.
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- 67. 67 *Organized by government. *Providesfacilities to the workers like-Fixed employment ,Fixed working hours. *Main aim is to provide public welfare *Examples-Indian railways , hospitals , parks, bus stands ,post office ,police station etc etc.. *Organized by government. *Provides facilities to the workers like-Fixed employment ,Fixed working hours. *Main aim is to provide public welfare *Examples-Indian railways , hospitals , parks, bus stands ,post office ,police station etc etc..
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- 75. 75 *Organised by privateindividuals *Does not provides fixed employment and fixed working hours to workers. *Main aim to make many profits for themselves. *Examples-Birla company, Reliance company limited, TATA iron and steel company limited *Organised by private individuals *Does not provides fixed employment and fixed working hours to workers. *Main aim to make many profits for themselves. *Examples-Birla company, Reliance company limited, TATA iron and steel company limited
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- 79. 79 *Job security *Generous benefits *Morerelaxed atmosphere *Job security *Generous benefits *More relaxed atmosphere *More opportunities for promotion as the company grows *These jobs tend to pay higher *More prestige, and the private sector is supposedly more efficient *Less bureaucracy
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