Semantic web
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The document discusses the Semantic Web, which aims to make web data more easily processable by machines through linking related information. It has four main components - URIs for identification, RDF for describing data, RDF Schema for describing data properties, and OWL for adding reasoning. This allows machines to better interpret and draw conclusions from web data. Challenges include dealing with the vastness, vagueness, uncertainty and inconsistency of web data. The document outlines benefits like more precise information retrieval and simplified application integration. It encourages contributions to developing Semantic Web languages and applications.
Semantic web
- 1. 5th Assignment Web Technology Department of Information Technology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Alexandria,Egypt. Presented by: Ahmed Atef Elnaggar Supervisor: Prof. Ahmed M. Elfatatry
- 2. What Is The Semantic Web? The Semantic Web is a mesh of information linked up in such a way as to be easily processable by machines, on a global scale. You can think of it as being an efficient way of representing data on the World Wide Web, or as a globally linked database. Purpose The main purpose of the Semantic Web is driving the evolution of the current Web by enabling users to find, share, and combine information more easily. The semantic web is a vision of information that can be readily interpreted by machines, so machines can perform more of the tedious work involved in finding, combining, and acting upon information on the web. Capability The technology must be capable of: Retrieving large amounts of textual data quickly. Allowing users to add annotations so that a reasoning capability exists. Making text retrieval more specific. Allowing conclusions to be drawn by data on the Web and across organizations. Challenges Some of the challenges for the Semantic Web include vastness, vagueness, uncertainty, inconsistency, and deceit. Automated reasoning systems will have to deal with all of these issues in order to deliver on the promise of the Semantic Web. Figure 1: The Semantic Web Layers FOUR COMPONENTS OF THE SEMANTIC URI – UNIFORM RESOURCE IDENTIFIER URI’s are simple web identifiers that are often found on the World Wide Web (i.e. http, ftp). RDF – RESOURCE DESCRIPTION FRAMEWORK RDF is used by The Semantic Web to describe data, thus allowing it to be shared more conveniently. It enables software developers to design products that will deploy better search engines by utilizing the metadata. As a result, users have more control over what they are viewing. Additionally, RDF is vocabulary agnostic which creates an interoperable environment capable of supporting a diverse range of ontologies. RDF SCHEMA The RDF Schema is a language used by The Semantic Web to describe the data properties used in RDF. display it. Semantic Web uses OWL to add reason to data by identifying and describing relationships between data items. OWL ontologies are capable of processing the content of information, rather than just presenting the data to users.
- 3. The Power Of Semantic Web Languages The main power of Semantic Web languages is that any one can create one, simply by publishing some RDF that describes a set of URIs, what they do, and how they should be used. We have already seen that RDF Schema and DAML are very powerful langauges for creating languages. Because we use URIs for each of the terms in our languages, we can publish the languages easily without fear that they might get misinterpreted or stolen, and with the knowledge that anyone in the world that has a generic RDF processor can use them BENEFITS OF THE SEMANTIC WEB • Information is captured in a language agnostic format. • A central repository for knowledge is created. • More precise, relevant information is captured. • Processes and procedures are mapped to data sources. • One collective view of knowledge across enterprise applications is created. As a result: • Point-to-point integration becomes obsolete. • Application integration is easy and efficient. • Superfluous data decreases. • knowledge across applications becomes consistent. • Upgrades and maintenance are simplified. What Can I Do To Help? There are many ways in which one can contribute to creating the Semantic Web. Here's a few of them:- Publish some globally useful data in RDF. Write an inference engine in the language of your choice. Spread the word: do some education and outreach. Help in the developent of RDF Schema and/or DAML. Contribute in representing state in RDF, a rather neglected field of research. Apply your own development backgrounds to the Semantic Web, give us all a new angle to consider it from. Instead of using some proprietary system for your next application, consider making it a Semantic Web project instead. There are many other ways in which one can help as well: ask in the community for more details.
- 4. References 1. ^ "XML and Semantic Web W3C Standards Timeline". 2012-02-04. 2. ^ a b c "W3C Semantic Web Activity". World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). November 7, 2011. Retrieved November 26, 2011. 3. ^ a b Berners-Lee, Tim; James Hendler and Ora Lassila (May 17, 2001). "The Semantic Web". Scientific American Magazine. Retrieved March 26, 2008. 4. ^ Lee Feigenbaum (May 1, 2007). "The Semantic Web in Action". Scientific American. Retrieved February 24, 2010. 5. ^ Berners-Lee, Tim (May 1, 2001). "The Semantic Web". Scientific American. Retrieved March 13, 2008. 6. ^ Nigel Shadbolt, Wendy Hall, Tim Berners-Lee (2006). "The Semantic Web Revisited". IEEE Intelligent Systems. Retrieved April 13, 2007.