Sentence structure

Sentence structure

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  Sentence StructureSentence Structure Simple,compound and complex sentences Pawani Dube FYBMM-B Roll No-8210
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  SSIMPLEIMPLE SSENTENCEENTENCE A simplesentence is one which has only one subject and one predicate. or a simple sentence is one which has only one subject and one finite verb. It expresses a single complete thought. It does not have to be small and simple.  examples- (1)The road is long. 'the road’-subject 'is’-finite verb (2)I live in San Francisco (3)The road to Goa is very long and somewhat tiresome. (4)Pollution is a serious problem. (5)Air pollution is a serious problem. (6)Air pollution from cars is a serious problem in the city.
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  A Compound sentenceACompound sentence is one that has twois one that has two or more independent clauses joinedor more independent clauses joined together by a conjunction or coordinator,together by a conjunction or coordinator, a transition and a semicolon. The chiefa transition and a semicolon. The chief coordinator arecoordinator are and, or, not, for nor,and, or, not, for nor, but, yet, sobut, yet, so.. e.g.-(1)The sun goes downe.g.-(1)The sun goes down andand the birds flythe birds fly upward.upward. (2)He was very rich(2)He was very rich butbut he was very unhappy.he was very unhappy. (3)She has not written to her friend(3)She has not written to her friend oror calledcalled her for quite some time.her for quite some time.
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  Conjunctive Adverbs “float”ConjunctiveAdverbs “float” Conjunctive adverbs are sometimes called “floating” adverbs because they can be positioned at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a clause. Morever, however,etc Eg-Bob is handsome; moreover ,he is rich
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  Compound sentence usingsemicolonCompound sentence using semicolon  Yet, while most compound sentences are formed with a coordinating conjunctions, often good writers decide to eliminate the conjunction and simply add a semicolon.  (1)The ambitious student initiated the research; the teacher was pleased by her efforts. (2)The students were unhappy with their professor; he often wasted their time in class.
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  Other varieties ofcompoundOther varieties of compound sentences:sentences: e.g.(1) Not only was the road long but tiring also. (2)He wrote the lyrics for the song as well as composed the tune for it Other examples (either….or….),(neither….nor….)
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  HowHow to makecompoundto make compound sentencessentences • To make a compound sentence you have to create two or more independent clauses and join them with and,but,or, or any other coordinator pairs. • E.g.-(1) Hesitatingly, he turned towards the door.(simple sentence) • He hesitated but turned towards the door.(compound sentence) • (2)Although it had rained, the weather was quite hot.(complex sentence) • It had rained but the weather was quite hot. (compound sentence)
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  Complex sentenceComplex sentenceis the one that has one main clause and one oris the one that has one main clause and one or more subordinate or dependent clauses. The subordinate clause in themore subordinate or dependent clauses. The subordinate clause in the complex sentence is dependent on the main clause for its meaning.complex sentence is dependent on the main clause for its meaning. Both the subordinate clause and the main clause have their own subject &Both the subordinate clause and the main clause have their own subject & predicatepredicate .. e.g. main clause = sub+ verb/phrase + subordinate clausee.g. main clause = sub+ verb/phrase + subordinate clause =subordinator+subject+verb/phrase=subordinator+subject+verb/phrase e.g. The girl+ said+ that +they +were tirede.g. The girl+ said+ that +they +were tired There are 3 types of subordinate clauses noun clause ,adverb clause andThere are 3 types of subordinate clauses noun clause ,adverb clause and adjective clause.adjective clause. • e.g. (1)The girls said that they were waiting for you. (subordinate noun clause) • (2)Here are the girls who were waiting for you. (subordinate adjective clause) • (3)They were late because they were waiting for you. (subordinate adverb clause)
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  COMPLEX SENTENCE:COMPLEX SENTENCE: SUBORDINATINGCONJUNCTIONSSUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS EVEN THOUGH WHEN BECAUSE UNLESS WHEREAS ADVERB CLAUSES Other conjunctions used- that, what, here , when, if,before,since,after,who,whome,although,why, etc .
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  How to makecomplex sentenceHow to make complex sentence To make a complex sentence you have to create one main clause and one or more subordinate clauses and join them with any of the subordinators. E.g.(1)He started at the sound of the gunshot. (simple sentence) He started when he heard the sound of the gunshot.(complex sentence) (2)The mangoes were sweet but the grapes were sour(compound sentence) Although the mangoes were sweet, the grapes were sour.(complex sentence)