SILK

STUDY ON
PROTEIN FIBER (silk)
"If fashion is a fine art, then silk is its biggest canvas,
and if silk is the canvas, then all its weavers, dyers,
designers, embroiders are the greatest artists"
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Prepared By:
Engr. Kazi Zakaria Ahmed
Lecturer, Department of Garments & Textile Engineering
BCMC College of Engineering & Technology, Jessore.
E-mail: engr.kazizakriabcmc@gmail.com
Contact Info: +88 01925-485428/ +88 01754-424949

LECTURE-2
6:38:27 AM
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Prepared For:
B.Sc. In Textile Engineering
Students of Garments & Textile Engineering Department

Thursday, November 17, 2016
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SILK
Silk is a fibroin made of proteins secreted in the fluid state as single
filament by a caterpillar, popularly known as 'silkworm'.
 Silk is a natural protein fiber.
 Cultivation of cocoons for the filament.
Silk filament are 600-1700 m. long.
 Diameter range from 12-30 micrometer.
Fiber length to breadth ratio is 2000:1
 It is off-white to yellow in color.

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 There are four types of natural silk which are
commercially known and produced in the world. Among
them mulberry silk is the most important and contributes
as much as 90 per cent of world production, therefore,
the term "silk" in general refers to the silk of the mulberry
silkworm. Three other commercially important types fall
into the category of non-mulberry silks namely: Eri silk;
Tasar silk; and Muga silk. There are also other types of
non-mulberry silk, which are mostly wild and exploited in
Africa and Asia, are Anaphe silk, Fagara silk, Coan silk,
Mussel silk and Spider silk.

Silk Chemical Structure
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PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF SILK
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FIBROIN 75%
ASH OF SILK FIBROIN 0.5%
SERICIN 22.5
%
FAT &
WAX 1.5%
MINERAL
SALT 0.5%
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COMPOSITION OF SILK

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SILK
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PROPERTIES
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CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SILK
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Effect of Acid: Concentrated mineral acids will dissolve silk faster than wool.
Organic acids do not harm silk.
Effect of Alkalies: Silk is not as sensitive as wool is to alkalies, but it can be
damaged if the concentration and the temperature are high enough. Us e mild
soap or detergent in lukewarm water whe laundering.
Effect of Bleaches: Strong bleaches containing sodium hypochlorite will
deteriorate silk.Hydrogen Peroxide or sodium perborate may be used.
Effect of Light: Continuous exposure to light weakens silk faster than either
cotton or wool. Raw silk is more resistant to light than digammed silk.
Resistance to Mildew: Silk may not mildew unless left for some time in a damp
state or under the extreme conditions of tropical dampness .
Affinity of dyes: Silk has a very good affinity to dyes. It readily absorbs acid,
basic and direct dyes.
Resistance to Insects: Silk may be attacked by the larvae of cloths moths or
carpet beetles and it may be destroyed when blended with wool which is attacked
by these insects.

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FIBROIN SERICIN
 1. Elastic protein
forming the core of silk
filament.
 Secreted from the
posterior part of silk
gland.
 Not soluble in water.
 Pigments are absent.
 Gelatinous protein
forms the outer coat of
silk filament.
 Secreted from the
middle part of silk
gland.
 Soluble in water.
 May contain pigments.
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DIFFERENCES

 The major silk producing countries in the
world are; China, India, Uzbekistan, Brazil,
Japan, Republic of Korea, Thailand, Vietnam,
DPR Korea, Iran, etc. Few other countries are
also engaged in the production of cocoons and
raw silk in negligible quantities; Kenya,
Botswana, Nigeria, Zambia, Zimbabwe,
Bangladesh, Colombia, Egypt, Japan, Nepal,
Bulgaria, Turkey, Uganda, Malaysia, Romania,
Bolivia, etc.
Thursday, November 17, 2016 14

 The major silk consumers of the world are;
USA, Italy, Japan, India, France, China,
United Kingdom, Switzerland, Germany, UAE,
Korea, Viet Nam, etc.

SILK

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SILK