Accrual accounting records revenue when it is earned and expenses when they are incurred, regardless of whether cash has been received or paid out. This provides a more accurate picture of financial performance compared to cash accounting. The document provides examples to illustrate accrual accounting, including recording accounts receivable when revenue is earned from a sale and accounts payable when expenses are incurred from purchasing supplies. It recommends that businesses use accrual accounting as it is the accounting standard and preferred method, especially as businesses grow in size, complexity, and need to attract investors who require accurate financial information.