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Sleep disorder
Sleep disorders are medical conditions that involve changes in sleep patterns that can cause issues like excessive daytime sleepiness. They are classified according to causes like physical, medical, psychiatric, or environmental factors and are also classified as dyssomnias or parasomnias according to the DSM. Common types include insomnia, hypersomnia, narcolepsy, sleep apnea, sleep terrors, nightmares, sleepwalking, and restless leg syndrome. Symptoms vary but can include issues with falling or staying asleep, irregular breathing during sleep, excessive daytime sleepiness, inability to move upon waking, and abnormal leg movements during sleep.
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Introduction to sleep disorders, including definitions, symptoms like excessive daytime sleepiness, and impact on normal life.
Factors leading to sleep disorders including physical, medical, psychiatric, environmental, and other causes.
Classification of sleep disorders as per DSM, including dyssomnias and parasomnias with specific types.
Details on primary insomnia, prevalence among females, and factors affecting sleep comfort.
Description of primary hypersomnia, commonality in males, and its effects on sleep duration.
Narcolepsy characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, REM sleep abnormalities, and symptoms like cataplexy.
Definition, symptoms, and types of sleep apnea, including obstructive and central variants.
Description of sleep terror disorder, its effects on children, and lack of dream recall.
Characteristics of nightmare disorder including frequent scary dreams that cause awakenings.
Overview of circadian rhythm sleep disorder, along with associated symptoms in the elderly.
Exploration of sleep drunkenness and bruxism, including effects on waking state and dental health.
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Sleep disorder
- 1.
- 2. DEFINITION •Sleep disorder arechanges in that you sleep some of the sign & symptoms of sleep disorder including excessive day time sleepiness, irregular breathing or increased movement during sleep & difficulty feeling in sleep
- 3. • A sleepdisorder, or somnipathy, is a medical disorder of the sleep pattern of a person . • It affcat the person normal life
- 4. CAUSES OF SLEEPDISORDER • 1 PHYSICAL DISTURBANCE - pain • 2 MEDICAL ISSUES – asthma • 3 PSYCHIATRIC CAUSES – depression anxiety • 4 ENVIRONMENAL CAUSES –alcohol, smoking • 5 OTHER CAUSES – side effect of medication, heavy dinner, late night exercise
- 5. CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TODSM DYSSOMNIAS • 1 – primary insomnia • 2 – primary hypersomnia • 3 – narcolepsy • 4 – sleep apnea PARASOMNIAS • 1 – sleep terror disorder • 2 – nightmare disorder • 3 – sleep walking disorder • 4 – circadian rhythm disorder • 5 – nocturnal myoclonus • 6 – restless leg syndrome • 7 – sleep drunkness • 8 - bruxism
- 7. 1 PRIMARY INSOMNIA •Appearslightly more common among female they cause primary insomnia can be different for each individual but often involve perception with the inability to sleep or excessive work about sleep. Many pt report that they sleep better away from home
- 9. 2. PRIMARY HYPERSOMNIA •Seenmore common in males. It include excessive sleepiness over a period of at least one month as evidence by prolong sleep during the night or excessive day time sleep.
- 10. •Some research suggest thatsleep disruption during the night cause the individual to lack of rapid eye movement sleep & therefore feel tired despite the fact he or she has slept through the night.
- 11. 3. NARCOLEPSY •A disordercharacterised by excessive daytime sleepiness and abnormalities of REM sleep over a period of greater than 3 months.
- 13. SYMPTOMS • CATAPLEXY –sudden loss of muscles tone after a strong emotional stimulus such as laughter, fear • DECREASE REM SLEEP – very short REM seen • SLEEP PARALYSIS – inability to move the body for few second after awaking.
- 14. • Sleep apneais cessation of airflow at the nose or mouth during sleep. These apneic episodes usually last longer than 10 seconds each. It characterised by aloud snore followed by heavy pause. • Usually seen in obese, middle aged males.
- 15. TYPES •1 obstructive -muscles atonia in oropharynx •2 control – lack of respiratory efforts •3 mixed –control at 1th but prolonged due to collapse of the airway.
- 17. 1. SLEEP TERRORDISORDER •Repetative experience of fright in which a person ( usually a child ) screams in fear during sleep.
- 18. •The person cannot beawakened . The person has no memory of having a dream.
- 19. 2. NIGHTMARE DISORDER •Occurduring REM sleep. •Repetative frightening dreams that cause night time awakening. •The person can usually reeale the nightmare.
- 21. 4. CIRCADIAN RHYTHMSLEEP DISORDER •Inability to sleep an appropriate time delayed sleep phase type involves falling a sleep & walking.
- 22. •Repetitive abrupt muscular contrection inlegs from toes to hip. •More common in the elderls.
- 24. 7. SLEEP DRUNKENESS •Difficultyawakened fully after adequate sleep must be differentiated from substance abuse or sleep disorder associate with genetic fector
- 25. •Tooth grinding during second stageof sleep can lead to tooth damage.