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Social Influence
Conformity is yielding to group pressure and changing one's beliefs or behaviors to fit in. There are three types of conformity: compliance, where one publicly conforms but privately disagrees; identification, conforming to be like someone admired; and internalization, genuinely believing the group's norms. Asch's experiments showed that about 75% of subjects conformed to an incorrect group at least once. Obedience involves responding to direct orders, and Milgram found obedience was highest when commands came from authorities in prestigious settings. In extreme situations, people justify harmful obedience by assigning responsibility to authorities.
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Defines conformity as social influence, types include compliance, identification, and internalization.
Discusses Asch's studies on group pressure and the concept of non-conformity.
Describes obedience as a response to authority, factors increasing obedience and psychological insights.
Defines human rights as universal entitlements regardless of various personal factors.
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Social Influence
- 4. Conformity Behavior Conformityis a type of social influence involving a change in belief or behavior in order to fit in with a group. Conformity can also be simply defined as “yielding to group pressures” (Crutchfield, 1955). Group pressure may take different forms, for example bullying, persuasion, teasing, criticism etc. Conformity is also known as majority influence (or group pressure).
- 5. Types of Conformity Compliance. Publicly acting in accord with social pressure while privately disagreeing. Best describes the behavior of a person who is motivated to gain reward or avoid punishment.
- 6. Identification. We adopta particular behavior because it puts us in a satisfying relationship to the person or persons with whom we are identifying. We do come to believe in the opinions and values we adopt, though not very strongly. We want to be like some particular person. EX: Want to be just like your father. Types of Conformity
- 7. Types of Conformity Internalization(or acceptance). Both acting and believing in accord with social pressure. This is the most permanent, deeply rooted response to social influence. If the person who provides the influence is perceived to be trustworthy and of good judgment, we accept the belief he or she advocates and we integrate it into our belief system.
- 8. Asch's studiesof group pressure. Asch believed intelligent people would not conform when they could readily see the truth for themselves. Showed people lines - a third of the time subjects were willing to go against their better judgment and agree with the group. About 75% went with the group at least once! Classic studies
- 10. Non Conformity Noteveryone conform to social pressure. Indeed, their are many factors that contribute to an individual's desire to remain independent of the group.
- 12. Obedience To Authority Obedienceis a form of social influence where an individual acts in response to a direct order from another individual, who is usually an authority figure.
- 13. Factors That Increase Obedience StanleyMilgram found that subjects were more likely to obey in some circumstances than others. Obedience was highest when: Commands were given by an authority figure rather than another volunteer The experiments were done at a prestigious institution
- 14. Factors That Increase Obedience The authority figure was present in the room with the subject The learner was in another room The subject did not see other subjects disobeying commands
- 15. In more extremesituations, people obey even when they are required to violate their own values or commit crimes. People justify their behavior by assigning responsibility to the authority rather than themselves. People define the behavior that’s expected of them Researchers think several factors cause people to carry obedience to extremes: as routine.
- 16. People don’twant to be rude or offend the authority. People obey easy commands first and then feel compelled to obey more and more difficult commands. This process is called entrapment, and it illustrates the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
- 17. Human Rights The term"human rights" refers to those rights that are considered universal to humanity, regardless of citizenship, residency status, ethnicity, gender, or other considerations.
- 20. Sources: http://www.simplypsychology.org/conformit y.html http://www3.nd.edu/~rwilliam/xsoc530/con formity.html http://www.simplypsychology.org/obedienc e.html http://www.sparknotes.com/psychology/ps ych101/socialpsychology/section7.rhtml
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