Social Studies - Transnational Terrorism

How did it become our problem?

Osama Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda
Now that he’s dead, is Al-Qaeda still dangerous?

Osama Bin Laden created
Al-Qaeda (Arabic for ‘the
base’) in 1989.
It is an organisation of
Arabs who volunteered to
fight the Soviet occupation
of Afghanistan in the
1980’s.

The Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990!
Osama Bin Laden (OSL) was unhappy
because:
The Saudi government rejected his
offer to defend Saudi Arabia from
Saddam Hussein (and asked the UN
for help instead).

The Saudi government allowed
foreigners/ non-muslims on ‘Holy
Land’ (‘Desert Storm’ and ‘Desert
Shield’).
As a result, he began directing Al-
Qaeda to fight the Saudi government,
the USA and any US allies.

Why are they considered Muslim Extremists?
Why are they considered terrorists?

MUSLIM EXTREMISM
My version of Islam is different from most Muslim’s version.

allows me to use violence/ kill to achieve the goals of
my religion (God approves).
clearly states that if I die for my religion, I will go to
‘heaven’ and be rewarded there.
excuses the murder of innocents (including civilians,
the elderly, women and children) as long as they are not
Muslim, and come from countries that support the USA.

Wage a ‘Holy War’ (Jihad) against the
USA and her allies.
Expel all foreign troops from the ‘Holy
Land’ (Saudi Arabia).
Eradicate all other types of Muslim
believers.
Establish a pan-Islamic state in the
Middle East.
Eradicate the Jewish state of Israel and
return their land to the Palestinians.

The whole region (called
Palestine) was under the
European colonial powers
(British, French German
etc.).
Apart from a few historical
incidents, the relations
between the Jews and the
Arab Muslims were mostly
peaceful.
Muslim
78%
Jews
11%
Christians
10%
Others
1%
1922

There was a growing
number of European Jewish
immigrants that were
arriving in the Palestine.
They were desperate to
escape.

As the news of the ‘Holocaust’ is revealed, there is
worldwide sympathy for the Jews. Thus, the UN
decides to divide up Palestine in order to grant the
Jews a homeland of their own.

The Arab Palestinians refuse
to accept the UN ruling.
Street riots and violence
against Jews in Palestine
begins.
14th May 1948
The British leave the
Palestine and grants
independence to the new
Jewish state; Israel is born!

1.15th May 1948
1st Arab-Israeli War: 5 neighbouring Arab states attack
Israel.
2.1967
2nd Arab-Israeli War (The 6-Day War)
3.1973
3rd Arab-Israeli War (The ‘Yom Kippur’ War)

Jordan and Egypt have officially
made peace with Israel, most other
Arab states have backed off and no
longer threaten Israel.
Palestinian Arabs still refuse to
accept any 2 State Solution.
• They formed the P(alestinian) L(iberation)
O(rganisation) to continue fighting the
Israelis through acts of terrorism.

We deserve a country of our own.
We have a right to have a country here in
Palestine because it is mentioned in our holy
book: The Talmud
We deserve a country of our own because we
have been persecuted for thousands of
years in other countries as immigrants.
We are willing to give up land to give the
Palestinian Arabs their own country too, but
only according to the UN partition in 1947.

We deserve a country of our own.
The Jews have no right to be here, this is our
land.
The UN and the British had no right to give
away land that was not theirs.
We will NEVER accept the partition of
Palestine into 2 Jewish and Palestinian Arab
states.
We will fight in any way possible to get the
Jews out of our land and to destroy the state
of Israel.

The Jews have no right to be in the Palestine.
Since our Arab Muslim brothers are being kicked out
of their land by the Jews, we will help them fight the
Jews in any way possible, but especially through
training and funding for acts of terrorism.
Since the USA is supporting Israel, then they are also
my enemy and I will fight them in any way possible.

Through the years from 1990 onwards, Al-Qaeda and
Osama Bin Laden gradually
the frequency and scale of their attacks on the USA…

Until
They were so well-trained, well-funded and well-
organised, they were able to carry out the biggest
terrorist attack of all time…

After 9/11, the US
government (under
George W Bush)
declared a ‘War on
Terror’ and invaded
Afghanistan.
Al Qaeda’s ability to
launch direct attacks has
been badly affected as
many of their leaders
and members were
slowly caught and
arrested.

They are still dangerous as now as they have changed
their mode of operations.
Now, Al Qaeda provides funding and training for other
terrorist groups that share their goals.

ASEAN Convention on
Counter Terrorism

Goh Bang Rui
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on
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@gohbangrui
bit.ly/gohbangrui

Social Studies - Transnational Terrorism

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