Social work with refugees

Social work with refugees

• 1.
  ABUBAKKAR SIDHIQ SA
• 2.
  The United Nations'definition of refugee is "Any person who: owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality, and is unable to or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country"
• 3.
   International refugeelaw defines a refugee as someone who seeks refuge in a foreign country because of war and violence, or out of fear of persecution.
• 4.
   A refugeeis someone who has been forced to flee his or her country because of persecution, war or violence. A refugee has a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, political opinion or membership in a particular social group. Most likely, they cannot return home or are afraid to do so. War and ethnic, tribal and religious violence are leading causes of refugees fleeing their countries.  Two-thirds of all refugees worldwide come from just five countries: Syria, Afghanistan, South Sudan,Myanmar and Somalia.  53%  of refugees are school-aged children under the age of 18
• 5.
   An internallydisplaced person, or IDP, is someone who has been forced to flee their home but never cross an international border. These individuals seek safety anywhere they can find it—in nearby towns, schools, settlements, internal camps, even forests and fields. IDPs, which include people displaced by internal strife and natural disasters, are the largest group that UNHCR assists. Unlike refugees, IDPs are not protected by international law or eligible to receive many types of aid because they are legally under the protection of their own government.  Countries with some the largest internally displaced populations are Colombia, Syria, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Somalia. 40m People are internally displaced around the world
• 6.
   A statelessperson is someone who is not a citizen of any country. Citizenship is the legal bond between a government and an individual, and allows for certain political, economic, social and other rights stateless due to a variety of reasons, including sovereign, legal, technical or administrative decisions or oversights. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights underlines that “Everyone has the right to a nationality.” 10m People around the world are stateless or at risk of statelessness
• 7.
   When peopleflee their own country and seek sanctuary in another country, they apply for asylum – the right to be recognized as a refugee and receive legal protection and material assistance. An asylum seeker must demonstrate that his or her fear of persecution in his or her home country is well-founded. 1.7m new asylum claims in 2017
• 9.
   The 1951Geneva Convention is the main international instrument of refugee law. The Convention clearly spells out who a refugee is and the kind of legal protection, other assistance and social rights he or she should receive from the countries who have signed the document. The Convention also defines a refugee’s obligations to host governments and certain categories or people, such as war criminals, who do not qualify for refugee status. The Convention was limited to protecting mainly European refugees in the aftermath of World War II, but another document, the 1967 Protocol, expanded the scope of the Convention as the problem of displacement spread around the world.
• 10.
   By theend of 2017, 68.5 million individuals were forcibly displaced worldwide as a result of persecution, conflict, violence or human rights violations. That was an increase of 2.9 million people over the previous year, and the world’s forcibly displaced population remained at a record high. This includes:  25.4 million refugees in the world—the highest ever seen;  40 million internally displaced people; and  3.1 million asylum-seekers.  New displacement remains very high. One person becomes displaced every 2 seconds – less than the time it takes to read this sentence. That’s 30 people who are newly displaced every minute.  1 in every 110 people globally is either an asylum-seeker, internally displaced or a refugee. 68.5 Million Approximate equivalent to the entire population of France.
• 11.
   In itsnarrow usage, the term "refugee" does not apply to a number of groups. This may have profound implications for everything from their mobility to their survival.  The term "people in refugee-like situations" is used to describe those — such as the Bedouin in Kuwait or Iraq, and Burmese in Thailand or Malaysia — who are stateless or denied the protection of the government in their countries of citizenship or habitual residence, but who have not been recognized as refugees. Centuries or even decades ago, when borders were less secure or mapped out, their lack of status meant less. In an era when "security" is of mounting importance, however, many such people find their situation increasingly precarious
• 12.
   The internationallegal definition of the term "refugee" also excludes those who move not as a result of persecution, but as a consequence of natural disasters (such as drought, floods, or earthquakes), environmental factors, or famine. They are excluded even though they may need international protection and assistance because their home country cannot or will not provide these things. The terms "forced migrants" or "forced displacement" are used to describe people in these circumstances.  Similarly, the term "refugees" also excludes people who move primarily for economic reasons. Even when they are leaving conditions of extreme poverty, they fall under the rubric of "economic migrants."
• 13.
  Beginning from theindependence , India has Experienced various type of refugees Various types of refugees india may consider under eight categories  Hindu migration caused by the participation  Bangladesh refugees as a result of civil war in pakistan.  Srilanka tamil, burmese indian and bhutanees ,nepali refugee due to ethnic – strif.  Developmental economic refugees from bangladesh  Indian tamil [srilankan] repatriaties as per contractual oblication.
• 14.
   Tibetan andafghan refugees as a result of military intervention by extra regional power.  Rohingya muslim refugees from Myanmar .
• 15.
  Around the world,68.5 million people have been forcibly displced .since world war second,according to UNCHR , most people remain displced within their home countries but about 24.4 million people worldwide fled to other counties as refugees .more than refugees are children.  Syria -6.3 m  Afghanistan -2.6 m  South sudan – 2.4 m  Myanmar – 1.2 m  Somalia -2.7 m  Iraq -5.6 m  Iran -1,80,000 refugees
• 16.
   Ukrain -2.1 m  Pakistan -1.3 m  Central african republic -969,000 refugees  Democratic republic of cango- 3.5 million  Venezuela -52,000 refugees  Yemen – 3 m  Nigeria -3.2 m According to times of india survey Indians living in refugees condition-  United states -4,484  Canada-4292
• 17.
  General Trends:  Refugeeschildren are five times more likely to be out of school than their non-refugee peers.  Only 2.9 million of the 6.4 million refugees of school-age were enrolled in primary or secondary education in 2016. More than half of them -- 3.5 million -- did not go to school.  Primary education enrollment for refugees increased from 50 percent in 2015 to 61 percent in 2016, in large part due to improvements for Syrian refugee children thanks to increased international efforts and measures taken by host governments.
• 18.
   1.5 millionrefugee children were not in primary school and 2 million refugee adolescents were not in secondary school.  61 percent of refugee children, and less that 50 percent of refugee children in low-income countries, attend primary school. Globally, 91 percent of children attend primary school.  23 percent of refugee adolescents, and 9 percent of refugee adolescents in low-income countries, attend secondary school. Globally, 84 percent of adolescents attend secondary school.  Only 1 percent of refugees enroll in college or university. Across the world, enrollment in college or university stands at 36 percent.  Gender Gap:  For every ten refugee boys in primary school, there are fewer than eight refugee girls.  For every ten refugee boys in secondary school there are fewer than seven refugee girls.