Solar energy market a case study on sustainable energy industry

Solar energy market a case study on sustainable energy industry

• 1.
  SOLAR ENERGY: A CASESTUDY OF SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
• 2.
  Outline • • • • • Introduction Problem of Statement Literaturereview Solar Energy Conclusion
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  Introduction • Terms ofEnergy – Energy means capacity to performs works – Many different energies – physics, chemical, biology – Exists in many forms, transferable and conservable – In generation of electricity – energy divides to non-renewable and renewable energy
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  Introduction • Energy inMalaysia – Ideally, a good mix of renewable and nonrenewable – Demand is increasing about 4.7 % a year – In 2009 at 103.2 TWh expected to increase to 274 TWh (2030) – User fraction • Transportation (40.5%) • Industrial (38.6%) • Residential and commercial (13.1%)
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  Introduction • National energypolicies – National Energy Policy (NEP) 1979 • Four fuel diversification – oil, hydropower, natural gas and coal – Revised NEP in 1999 • Five fuel diversification – oil, hydropower, natural gas, coal and renewable energy
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  Problem of Statement •Energy issues in Malaysia – Increasing demand but less supply – Depletion of fossil fuel & need alternative – Environmental issues • GHGs emission • Pollution • Climate changes • Solution? – Diversification of energy
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  Literature Review • Sustainableenergy strategy – Five-fuel Diversification 1999 • Lessen dependency on fossil fuel • Promote new alternative energy source – National Green Technology Policy 2009 • Promote green technology • Energy efficiency • Environmentally friendly
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  Literature Review • Potentialrenewable energy in Malaysia – Biomass, solar, mini-hydropower, municipal waste, biogas, & wind. • Highest potential to be implemented according to Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water are: – Biomass – Solar
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  Literature Review • WhyBiomass? – Plenty of resources to generate the energy – Palm oil residues, wood residues, agriculture residues – These resources use to generate heat and electricity
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  Literature Review • WhySolar? – Solar energy is a naturally – Location of Malaysia – equatorial region – Suitable climate • High temperature 22 to 33 deg Celsius • High humidity 80 – 90% – Abundant of sunshine • Average daily solar radiation is 1643 kWh/m2
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  Literature Review • WhySolar over Biomass? – Potential growth due to emerging technology – Expected to be main source surpass other renewable energy in Malaysia (source: KeTTHA) – Solar panels have efficiencies as high as 19%, meaning that much of the sun’s energy is converted into electricity. – Clean, no GHGs emission – Can install widely regardless of location in M’sia – Small investment for micro-generation (residential) – Less or almost free maintenance and high reliability with life span expectation of 20–30 years
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  Solar Energy • • • • Still infancylevel Most promising renewable energy in Malaysia Small scale to large scale installation Application of solar – Solar thermally generated electricity- complex collectors to gather solar radiation to produce temperature high enough to drive steam turbines to produce electric power, – Solar Photovoltaic (PV) energy - direct conversion of sun’s ray to electricity- single junction silicon solar cell has 19% efficiency
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  Solar Energy • Widelyused in Malaysia is solar PV application • Mostly for small scale up to medium scale installation like residential and buildings • Government support program like Malaysia Building Integrated Photovoltaic (MBIPV) – To promote and stimulate the PV solar system – Reduce long term cost of BIPV – Aims for energy efficiency with integration solar to existing electricity grid – The project results are expected to induce an increase of BIPV application by 330% from the baseline in 2005, with a cost reduction of 20% by the year 2010.
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  Solar Energy • Currentapplication status – Formulation of programs like BPIV & SREP to support the development – R&D by universities like UKM on solar thermal systems and grid connected PV; UPM on solar energy & UM on BIPV – Installation mostly small to medium scale – residential & buildings – Policies like National Energy Policy (NEP), National Depletion Policy (NDP) – Acts like Renewable Energy Act 2011 & Sustainable Energy Development Authority Act 2011
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  Solar Energy • Managementof resources – Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water for policies and acts – Energy Commission for supervision and enforcement – Malaysian Industrial Development Authority (MIDA) for promotion of RE – Tenaga Nasional Bhd as utility providers – SIRIM for R&D – MoHE, universities, etc – provides courses, trainings on RE
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  Solar Energy • Futureprospect – Projected to supply 30% of world’s energy by 2050 – Under MBIPV, solar PV energy in Malaysia as main energy source – Introduction feed-in-tariff (user sells electricity to utility) stimulate solar PV applications – Introduction of SURIA1000, a funding incentive (similar concept to hire and purchase) – R&D of technology of solar system by universities, companies etc to improve the system – Malaysia as major player in solar system
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  Conclusion • Highly potentialdue to its location – equatorial location • One of future sustainable energy due to advantages of solar system • Efforts and commitment from GoM in term of policy, funds, R&D and stimulation increases the growth • Major barrier is capital investment but can be compensated by proper planning and management
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  Conclusion • Education sectorsplays major role on training and expertise level • Media promotion increases public awareness thus encourage rapid adoption of BIPV • In conclusion, Malaysia should optimize solar PV system to replace non-renewable energy