South china sea dispute.pptxjk

South china sea dispute.pptxjk

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  WHY INDIA IS INTERESTEDIN SOUTH CHINA SEA DISPUTE? IS IT A SHIFT IN INDIA’S FOREIGN POLICY? Komal Agarwal 15-ECM-51 GG-7627 MA- 4th semester
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  CONTENT  Introduction  Whereis south china sea located  What is nine dash line  History behind south china sea dispute  Who claims what  India’s interest in the dispute  Nature. benefit and cost of involvement  Shift in India’s foreign policy  Conclusion  References
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  INTODUCTION • The SouthChina Sea is unquestionably one of the busiest international sea lanes in the world, with Robert Kaplan describing it as ‘the throat of global sea routes’. • The sea is one of the primary route for international trade and many claimants believes that the floor of the South China Sea contain massive oil and natural gas reserves. • The South China Sea disputes involve both island and maritime claims among several sovereign states within the region, namely the Nation of Brunei, the People's Republic of China, the Republic of China (Taiwan), Malaysia, the Republic of the Philippines, and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. • For India South China Sea is one of the most important route with South Asia nation. Around 50% of India’s trade passes through Malacca Strait.
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  WHERE IS SOUTHCHINA SEA LOCATED? The South China Sea is a marginal sea that is part of the Pacific Ocean, encompassing an area from the Karimata and Malacca Straits to the Strait of Taiwan of around 3,500,000 square kilometers (1,400,000 sq mi). It is located- • south of China; • east of Vietnam and Cambodia; • northwest of the Philippines; • East of the Malay peninsula and Sumatra, up to the Strait of Malacca in the western, and • north of the Bangka–Belitung Islands and Borneo
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  WHAT IS NINE-DASH-LINE? TheNine-Dash Line—at various times also referred to as the "10- dash line" and the "11-dash line"— refers to the demarcation line used initially by the government of the Republic of China (ROC / Taiwan) and subsequently also by the government of the People's Republic of China (PRC), for their claims of the major part of the South China Sea.
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  HISTORY BEHIND SCSDISPUTE • Xia and Han dynasty records- These records are 2000-4000 years old. China has laid to claim on the Scs on the basis of these records • Nine dash line (1947)- drawn by Chinese government to claim South china sea. • UNCLOS III( United Nation Convention on the Law Of the Sea)- distributes territorial waters among the nations. • 21st century developments- became important of trade routes, and oil. All countries wanted a share in it. China claims it more
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  WHAT IS THEARGUMENT ABOUT? • china wants the nine dash line implemented. All other countries want china to withdraw from militarizing the area heavily. TERRITORY AND SOVERIGNTY • These are the two important group of islands. All the fighting countries want one or another part of it,SPARTLEY AND PARACEL
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  DISPUTE IMPORTANT FORMANY COUNTRIES Firstly, any instability in this area can affect maritime commerce Secondly, the one in control over the sea can control the trade and also have strategic advantage during war.
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  WHO CLAIMS WHAT? CHINA-Claims all territory inside the nine dash line but also the entire south china sea. It has not made its demand very clear. VIETNAM- disputes China’s historical claim and says that they were ruling over both Spartley and Paracel islands since 17th century. PHILIPPINES- wants Spartley islands as they are close to them along with Scarborough islands. MALAYSIA- claims territorial waters around its boundary in the south china sea and some islands in the Spartley group. BRUNIE- only south china sea near its boundary.
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  WHY CHINA WANTSIT? Dominate major trade route for its imported oil flow Deny access to foreign military or trade shipments whenever they want. Especially the US. Floor of South China Sea may contain large oil and natural gas reserves.
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  WHY INDIA ISINVOLVED IN THE DISPUTE? INDIA’S INVOLVEMENT it would have implications for India's security and economic interests During the recent visit of the Vietnamese Prime Minister to India, the two countries signed an oil and gas exploration agreement, in addition to significantly upgrading their military and trade relationship. India's shift in its maritime policies and a relatively vocal stand on the issue may be a signs of a future where India is willing to play a more direct role in the South China Sea
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  NATURE OF INVOLVEMENT Indiastrategic engagement with the countries like USA, Japan and Australia and performing maritime drills is a step to limit Chinese aggression and to ensure freedom of navigation India's 'Act/Look East Policy' gains good hold in S.E Asian countries and ASEAN, and growing ties with them. This in turn acting as a 'support' for the small countries in the region India engaged in oil and mineral explorations by agreements with countries like Vietnam, Philippines etc India's attitude is always tilted towards peaceful diplomatic settlement of issue instead of a military one. Thus, its main emphasis was on de-militarisation of disputed islands and seek arbitration as per UNCLOS and other international practices
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  BENEFITS OF INVOLVEMENT • Energysecurity and imports markets diversification of oil and natural gas Market diversification with growing economic ties Access to regional groupings and securing India's interests in their policies. Peaceful settlement of dispute sustains regional political and economic stability. Access to high seas famous for huge in international trade, and access to certain choke points like Malacca straits.
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  COST OF INVOLVEMENT •GrowingIndia's presence in the region would increase Chinese distrust over India, and subsequent economic and trade indifferences. •Increased expenditure on defense: Sailing ships to the region, which is far away, needs both fuel expenditure, and maintaining a blue water navy. Both of these increase costs •China is an immediate neighbor and we have a trade deficit of more than $48 billion with China. Any engagement on our part in the SCS can impact the trade. China may also block India’s entry into the UN Security Council.
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  IS IT ASHIFT IN INDIA’S FOREIGN POLICY Yes, there has been a shift in India's maritime and foreign policies and this is likely to continue. FOREIGN POLICY-India's foreign policy would have to go through a drastic strategic change before it could commit to allocating resources in an area beyond its navy's primary area of interest. India has traditionally been continental in its defense strategy and will remain so, given the obvious troubles along its northern borders.
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  MARITIME POLICY-there has definitelybeen a shift where India attempting to cultivate a more maritime outlook and is more willing than it has been in the past to engage and increase its participation in regional matters. Despite this shift, it is important to note that India still considers the Indian Ocean as its primary area of interest and the South China Sea as secondary.
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  CONCLUSION • Taking interestof India in South China Sea dispute will bring both positive and negative economic impacts on India, as the Chinese territorial claims over these islands seem unreasonable with its controversial 'nine-dash line' and its growing assertiveness threatens the peace of the region, India's needs to play her role as a responsible international country. • There is of course a debate regarding whether India should consider such a move and if India should be paying more attention to the South China Sea. Such debates among Indian strategic thinkers indicate changing times in India's foreign policy and its shift to play a larger role in the region. India's approach toward South China Sea will continue to be slow and steady.
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  REFERENCES  http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/web-edits/south-china-sea-judgement-heres- how-it-matters-to-india/  http://blogs.reuters.com/great-debate/2015/06/09/everything-you-need-to-know-about- the-south-china-sea-conflict-in-under-five-minutes/ http://foreignpolicy.com/2016/07/12/what-is-the-future-of-the-south-china-sea/  http://www.dailyo.in/politics/why-india-should-bother-about-south-china-sea- dispute/story/1/11746.html  http://thediplomat.com/2016/03/india-and-the-south-china-sea-dispute/