1. • A scientific technique measuring interactions
between matter and light, revealing material
composition, structure, and properties.
WHAT IS SPECTROSCOPY?
Spectroscopy = Light + Matter = Information
2. 1. Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis)
2. Atomic Emission (AE)
3. Atomic Absorption (AA)
4. Fluorescence
5. Infrared (IR)
6. Fourier-Transform IR (FTIR)
7. Near IR (NIR)
8. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
9. Raman Spectroscopy
10. Mass Spectrometry (MS)
TYPES OF SPECTROSCOPY
3. • Measures: Absorption of UV-Vis light by
molecules
• Uses: Identifies compounds, determines
concentration
• How it works: Samples absorb UV-Vis light,
producing a unique spectrum
1. Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis)
4. Measures: Light emitted by excited atoms
Uses: Identifies elements, analyzes metal
composition
How it works: Heat excites atoms, releasing
characteristic light spectra
2. Atomic Emission
(AE)
5. Measures: Absorption of light by atoms
Uses: Quantifies elemental analysis, detects
heavy metals
How it works: Atoms absorb specific
wavelengths, indicating elemental presence
3. Atomic Absorption (AA)
6. Measures: Light emitted by excited molecules
Uses: Detects biomolecules, analyzes protein
structure
How it works: Molecules absorb light, emitting
characteristic fluorescence spectra
4. Fluorescence
7. Measures: Molecular vibrations
Uses: Identifies compounds, analyzes chemical
bonds
How it works: IR radiation excites molecular
vibrations, producing a characteristic spectrum
5. Infrared (IR)
8. Measures: Detailed molecular analysis using IR
Uses: Identifies compounds, analyzes chemical
structure
How it works: Interferometry measures IR
absorption, producing high-resolution spectra
6. Fourier-Transform IR (FTIR)
9. Measures: Non-destructive analysis using IR
Uses: Quality control, material identification
How it works: NIR radiation penetrates samples,
measuring molecular vibrations
7. Near IR (NIR)
10. Measures: Atomic nucleus signals
Uses: Structural analysis of molecules
How it works: Magnetic fields align atomic nuclei,
emitting characteristic signals
8. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
11. Measures: Molecular vibrations using laser light
Uses: Identifies compounds, analyzes chemical
bonds
How it works: Laser light excites molecular
vibrations, producing a characteristic spectrum
9. Raman Spectroscopy
12. Measures: Mass-to-charge ratio of ions
Uses: Identifies compounds, analyzes molecular
structure
How it works: Ions are separated by mass-to-
charge ratio, producing a characteristic spectrum
10. Mass Spectrometry (MS)
13. 1. Identifies unknown substances
2. Analyzes material composition
3. Detects contaminants
4. Researches and develops new materials
5. Ensures quality control
WHAT DOES SPECTROSCOPY DO?
