SPM Form 4 Chapter 8 Salt

SPM Form 4 Chapter 8 Salt

• 1.
  Chemistry form 4-chapter 8 salt Pn Khoo Sioh Gee
• 2.
  SOLUBILITY OF SALTIN WATER All insoluble except Potassium hydroxide, and Sodium hydroxide while Calcium hydroxide soluble a little. Hydroxide All insoluble except Potassium oxide and Sodium oxide, while Calcium oxide soluble a little. Oxide All insoluble except Sodium Carbonate, Potassium carbonate, and Ammonium Carbonate. Carbonate Salt All soluble except Lead(II) sulphate and Barium sulphate, while Calcium sulphate is soluble partially. Sulphate Salt All soluble except Lead(II) chloride, Silver Chloride, and Mercury(I) chloride. (Lead(II) Chloride soluble in hot water but in cold water. ) Chloride Salt All Soluble Nitrate Salt All Soluble Sodium Salt Potassium Salt Ammonium Salt Solubility in Water Type of Salt
• 3.
  NH 4 +Ag + Cu 2+ Pb 2+ Sn 2+ Fe 2+ Zn 2+ Al 3+ Mg 2+ Ca 2+ Na + K + Carbonate, CO 3 2- Sulphate, SO 4 2- Chloride, Cl - Nitrate, NO 3 - Cation
• 4.
  Test for Cation: With NaOH solution Cation NaOH(aq) solution Some NaOH(aq) No precipitate White Precipitate Coloured Precipitate Soluble and Colourless Precipitate Insoluble Precipitate Heat NH 4 + With precipitate Concentrated HCL Drops Precipitate Green Brown Blue Fe 2+ Fe 3+ Cu 2+ Insoluble Precipitate Mg 2+ Ca 2+ Pb 2+ Al 2+ Zn 2+ Mg 2+ Ca 2+ Pb 2+ Al 2+ Zn 2+
• 5.
  Test for Cation:With Ammonia Solution Cation NH 3 (aq) Solution Some NH 3 (aq) No Precipitate White Precipitate Coloured Precipitate Soluble and Colourless Precipitate Insoluble Precipitate NH 4 + , Ca 2+ Precipitate Precipitate Green Brown Blue Fe 2+ Fe 3+ Cu 2+ Soluble Precipitate Mg 2+ Pb 2+ Al 2+ Zn 2+ Mg 2+ Pb 2+ Al 2+ Zn 2+ Insoluble Precipitate
• 6.
  Test for AnionAnion X Add in dilute Nitric acid. Add in Argentum nitrrate. White precipitate soluble in excess Ammonia. Cl - ion present Test for Anion 1. Add in dilute HCL until excess. 2. Add in BaCl 2 1. Add in FeSO 4 2. A few drops of concentrated H 2 SO 4 1. Add in dilute HCl 2. Produced gas is being transferred to lime water. White precipitate Is formed. Brown ring Lime Water turns Milky/cloudy /chalky. SO 4 2- ion present NO 3 - ion present. CO 3 2- ion present.
• 7.
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