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Sprinkler irrigation system
This document discusses sprinkler irrigation and includes the following key points: 1. A group of 6 students will present on the topic of sprinkler irrigation. Sprinkler irrigation can save up to 50% of water compared to surface irrigation. 2. Sprinkler irrigation works by using pressurized sprinklers located on pipes to discharge water into the air so it infiltrates near where it lands. 3. The components of a sprinkler system include a water source, pumping unit, pipes, sprinklers, and accessories like reducers, elbows, valves, and filters. Proper design considerations include layout, pressure, and matching the system to soil and crop types.
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Sprinkler irrigation system
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- 3. Group Members SL. Name ID# 1 Niaz Kawsar 11209008 2 Md.Nazim Uddin 11209007 3 Md. Abdur Rab 11209017 4 Monalisa 11209021 5 Md. Mostofa Kamal 11209020 6 Moitri Rani 11209035 3
- 4. Background Its approve that50% of irrigated water is actually used by plants and the remaining water resources are wasted. Sprinkler irrigation system saves up to 50% of water compared to surface irrigation method. That’s why we interested and like to present a presentation on this topic. 4
- 5. Introduction Water is akey factor in increasing agricultural production, in such case irrigation is most important factor. One such method of modern irrigation is sprinkler irrigation system which is becoming more and more popular among the farmers across the developed country. 5
- 6. About Sprinkler Irrigation Pressurized irrigation through devices called sprinklers Sprinklers are usually located on pipes called laterals Water is discharged into the air and hopefully infiltrates near where it lands 6
- 7. Sprinkler Irrigation System Spraying Water like a natural rainfall. Water pressure through Nozzle. pressure is provided by a pump. Selection of nozzle sizes, operating pressure and spacing. 7
- 8. FIG : SprinklerIrrigation System 8
- 9. Components of Sprinklerirrigation system Water source - open well / tube well / bore well / canal etc. Pumping unit - centrifugal, submersible Sprinkler - main and lateral pipe lines, riser pipe, sprinklers (nozzles) 9
- 10. Other accessories usedin the sprinkler system are 1. Reducers 2. Elbows 3. End plug Tees 4. Regulators and Gauges 5. Valves 6. Filters 10
- 11. Soil Suitability Suitable forlands and on shallow soils. best suited to coarse sandy terrain. suitable in undulating terrain. adopted in hilly regions. 11
- 12. Crops Suitability all cropsare suitable except crops like paddy, jute, etc. The dry crops, vegetables, flowering crops, orchards, plantation crops like tea, coffee are all suitable and can be irrigated through sprinklers. 12
- 13. General Rule ForSprinkler Irrigation System Deign Main Should be laid up and down hill. Lateral should be laid across the slope or nearly on the contour. For multiple lateral operation, lateral pipe sizes should be more than two diameter. Water supply source should be nearest to the center of the area. 13
- 14. General Rule ForSprinkler Irrigation System Deign Cont. Layout should facilitate and minimize lateral movement during the season. Booster pump should be considered where small portion of field would require high pressure at the pump. Layout should be modified to apply different rates and amount of water soils are greatly different in the design area. 14
- 15. Selecting the mostappropriate sprinkler system While selecting a sprinkler system, the most important physical parameters to be considered are: 1) The crop or crops to be cultivated. 2) The shape and size (acres) of the field. 3) The topography of the field. 4) The amount of time and labor to operate the system. 15
- 16. Type of SprinklerSystems There are many types of Sprinkler systems available in the market. On the basis of the arrangement for spraying irrigation water, sprinkler systems are classified as : i) Rotating head system ii) Perforated Pipe system 16
- 17. Advantages Sprinkler irrigationdoes not require surface shaping of leveling. Can be applied to areas of variable topography. Flexibility is possible because sprinkler heads are available in a wide range of discharge capacities. cost of labor is generally reduced. Erosion of soil can be eliminated. Chemical and fertilizer applications are easily used with sprinkler systems. No special skills trained personal can operate the system reasonably well. 17
- 18. Advantages cont. Frequentand light irrigation possible giving better response from the crops. Increase in yield and quality, early ripening, water conservation and alternative value of specific period saving of labor, machinery, fertilizer and pesticides. Soil moisture is maintained at optimum level by sprinkler irrigation and 20 higher yields are obtained of crops and the quality of other crops is also good. 18
- 19. CONSTRAINTS IN THEAPPLICATION OF SPRINKLER IRRIGATION: I. Uneven water distribution due to high winds. II. Evaporation loss when opening under high temperatures. III. Highly impermeable soils are not suitable. IV. Initial cost is high. V. Proper design. VI. Lack of package of practices. VII. Lack of awareness. VIII. Lack of social concern to save natural resources. IX. High water pressure required in sprinkler(>2.5kg/cm2) X. Difficulty in irrigation during wind in sprinkler. 19
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