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STI power point presentation
The document discusses sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including definitions, types, transmission methods, symptoms, prevention, and testing. It provides details on common bacterial STIs like chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis; viral STIs like herpes, hepatitis B, HPV, and HIV; and parasitic infections like pubic lice and scabies. STIs can be transmitted through sexual contact or sharing of needles/equipment. Prevention methods include abstinence, mutual monogamy, condoms, and getting tested regularly or if experiencing symptoms. Testing and treatment services are available through local health units and clinics.
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STI power point presentation
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- 2. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org Overview Definitionof STIs: “What are they?” Transmission: “How are they spread?” Types of infection: – Bacterial (Chlamydia, LGV, Gonorrhea, Syphilis) – Viral (HSV, Hepatitis B, HIV, HPV) – Parasitic (Pubic lice, scabies, trichomoniasis) Prevention: “How can I protect myself?” Testing: “Where can I go for help?”
- 3. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org SexuallyTransmitted Infections Infections that are most commonly passed through sexual contact: • Oral • Vaginal • Anal • Skin-to-skin
- 4. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org TRANSMISSION Inorder for transmission to occur, it is necessary to have: – A body fluid with the germ in it – A way of spreading the germ from one person to another
- 5. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org BODYFLUIDS: Which one’s are considered infectious? Semen Vaginal fluid Blood Fluid in sores or blisters Saliva Tears Sweat Urine Ear wax
- 6. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org METHODSOF TRANSMISSION: Low Risk or No Risk Abstaining Hugging Kissing Holding hands Dancing Sitting on toilets Sharing lip balm Mutual monogamy Massage Sharing forks, knives, etc.
- 7. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org METHODSOF TRANSMISSION: High Risk Sexual Intercourse vaginal anal oral Blood-to-blood contact Sharing needles or other drug-use equipment Tattoo or body piercing Infected mother to her baby
- 8. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org Bacterialvs. Viral STI’s Bacterial STI’s include Chlamydia, LGV, gonorrhea & syphilis Can be treated and cured with antibiotics Untreated infection can cause PID, infertility, & epididymitis Viral STI’s include HPV, HIV, Herpes, & Hepatitis B There is NO cure Medication available to treat symptoms only Can pass onto others for the rest of your life
- 9. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org Chlamydia Themost common bacterial STI Greatest number of infections found in people 15 to 24 years old Untreated, it can affect the cervix and urethra, and occasionally the rectum, throat and eye 50% have NO symptoms - men and women Can be treated with antibiotics
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- 12. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org GONORRHEA The2nd most common bacterial STI Most common in people aged 15 to 29 Can affect the cervix, urethra, rectum, throat, and occasionally the eyes Can be treated with antibiotics Often NO symptoms, especially in females
- 13. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org GONORRHEA:Signs & Symptoms Female – Increased vaginal discharge – Painful urination – Lower abdominal pain – Bleeding after sex and between periods – Pain during sex Male – Thick, yellowish- green discharge from penis – Painful urination – Testicular pain or swelling – Rectal pain, discharge or itching
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- 15. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org SYPHILIS Abacterial infection that progresses in stages – Primary: (3 days – 3 months) starts as a small, painless sore called a chancre; goes away on it’s own – Secondary: (2 – 24 weeks) rash on the body, palms of hands & soles of feet, hair loss, feeling sick – Latent: lesions or rashes can recur
- 16. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org SYPHILIS- Complications Untreated syphilis may lead to tertiary syphilis, which can damage: – The cardiovascular system (heart & blood vessels) – The neurological system – Other major organs of the body – Complications may lead to death
- 17. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org GenitalHerpes (Herpes Simplex Virus - HSV) Two types: HSV-1, causing cold sores, and HSV-2, causing genital herpes It is a viral infection causing outbreaks of painful sores and blisters Spread through direct vaginal, oral or anal sexual contact with an infected partner Also transmitted by receiving oral sex from a partner with a history of cold sores Symptoms can be treated with antiviral medications, but NO CURE
- 18. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org GenitalHerpes – Signs & Symptoms Prior to an outbreak, the person may feel a tingling or burning sensation where the virus first entered the skin Painful sores (external or internal) Inflammation and redness Fever Muscular pain Tender lymph nodes
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- 20. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org HepatitisB (HBV) Virus that attacks the liver Most infected people (90%) naturally produce antibodies to fight the disease, but some develop chronic HBV and will carry the virus for the rest of their life Chronic infection can lead to liver damage, cirrhosis, and cancer There is NO CURE, but vaccination can prevent infection
- 21. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org HepatitisB Woman suffering from liver cancer caused by HBV Photo courtesy of Patricia Walker, MD
- 22. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org HumanPapilloma Virus or HPV (Genital Warts) One of the most common STIs About 75% of people will have at least one HPV infection during their lifetime There are over 100 types of HPV Low-risk HPV types cause genital warts High-risk HPV types may cause cancer of the cervix There is NO CURE, but vaccination is available to prevent certain types of HPV
- 23. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org HPV– Signs & Symptoms Many people with low-risk types have no symptoms Other HPV types may cause: – Warts on vulva, cervix, penis, scrotum, anus or in the urethra – Itchiness – Discomfort and bleeding during sex
- 24. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org HIV/AIDS HIVis a virus that destroys the immune system over time, robbing the body of its ability to fight other infections and illnesses Once the immune system is weakened, other infections occur and AIDS develops (the fatal stage of HIV infection) The virus is present in blood, semen, vaginal secretions & breast milk
- 25. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org HIV/ AIDS – Signs & Symptoms 2 to 4 weeks after exposure, some people experience mild flu-like symptoms that last a few weeks, then disappear Many people have NO symptoms until years after exposure The only way to know is to get TESTED!
- 26. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org PubicLice & Scabies Infections caused by parasitic infestations Pubic lice: tiny crab-like insects that nest in pubic hair & bite their host to feed on blood Scabies: mites that burrow below the surface of the skin to lay their eggs Can live for 1 – 3 days on bedding, towels and clothing Treated with medicated creams & lotions
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- 29. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org STIPrevention Abstain from sexual intercourse (only method that is 100% effective) Don’t share needles or other drug-use equipment Have only 1 mutually faithful, uninfected sexual partner Get tested for STI’s before having sex Use a latex condom & spermicide Avoid alcohol & other drugs
- 30. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org Whenshould I get tested? Once you become sexually active, you need a check-up & STI testing once a year You also need an STI test if: – You didn’t use a condom or the condom broke – Your partner has an STI – Your partner is having sex with someone else – You have ever injected drugs – You or your partner have any STI symptoms – You have been raped
- 31. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org Whereto go for help: Parents Health Teacher Health Unit Clinic Family Doctor or Nurse Practitioner Walk-in-clinic Hospital Emergency Department
- 32. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org HealthUnit Clinics Almonte – Tuesday 10:30 – 4:00 pm Smiths Falls – Wednesday 10:30 – 6:00 pm Brockville – Monday 1:00 – 5:00 pm – Thursday 2:30 – 7:00 pm Perth – Monday 10:30 – 1:00 pm Kemptville – Tuesday 11:00 – 4:00 pm Gananoque – Thursday 11:00 – 3:00 pm
- 33. Sexually Transmitted Infections www.healthunit.org Remember… …yourmedical information will always remain CONFIDENTIAL!