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Sw asia religion, politics, and oil(2)
The document provides an overview of religion, politics, and oil in Southwest Asia. It discusses the spread of Islam across the Arabian Peninsula and the three major monotheistic religions that originated in the region - Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It describes the tensions between Israel and neighboring Arab countries over claims to the holy city of Jerusalem. The document also outlines the rise of fundamentalist groups like the Taliban in Afghanistan and their strict rules, especially oppressive ones limiting women's freedoms.
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Sw asia religion, politics, and oil(2)
- 1. Chapter 22 Notes-Human Geography of Southwest Asia Religion, Politics, & Oil
- 2. Section 1: TheArabian Peninsula Islam- based on the teachings of Muhammad. Monotheistic Mosque- place of worship All Muslims (followers of Islam) perform the 5 pillars.
- 3. Faith “There is noGod but Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.” • all believers believe in this statement of faith
- 4. Prayer Muslims face towardMecca and pray five times a day • may be done in a mosque or elsewhere
- 5. Charity (Alms orGiving) responsible to support less fortunate by giving money
- 6. Fasting During Islamic holymonth of Ramadan, Muslims do not eat or drink anything between sunrise and sunset. This reminds Muslims that there are more important things in life than food. Seen as sign of humility and self-control.
- 7. Pilgrimage Muslims are expectedto make a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once during their lifetime Called the Hajj
- 8.
- 9. Spread of Many peopleon Arabian Peninsula began to convert to Islam • spread religion • Muslims became leaders of conquered lands • Arabic language spread across lands (Asia, Africa, and Europe)
- 10. Types of Islam Twomain branches of Islam Sunni Muslim- 83% of all Muslims Shi’ite Muslim (mostly in Iran)
- 11. Section 1: TheArabian Peninsula Theocratic- religious leaders control the government. many of the governments in the region are this
- 12. Section 1: TheArabian Peninsula Arabic Women- Most cover themselves from head to toe in a burqa (Arabic covering) • Modesty & being covered is believed to be pleasing to god.
- 13. Section 2: TheEastern Mediterranean 3 major religions were all started in Southwest Asia Judaism, Christianity, & Islam All 3 claim Jerusalem as a holy city.
- 14. Judaism Established 3,200 yearsago. Basic laws and teachings come from the Torah. Jerusalem is the religious center of Judaism.
- 15. Jews and theHoly Land Torah establishes claim to Holy Land Jerusalem is holiest Jewish city Believe Holy Land was gift from God to Abraham and Lot King David brought ark containing original Torah here Site of King Solomon's
- 16. Section 2:The EasternMediterranean The Western Wall Holiest site of Judaism - Western Wall (Wailing Wall) Whole area is known as the Temple Mount • First Temple built by King Solomon then destroyed • Temple was rebuilt • Second Temple destroyed by the Romans • Only piece left standing is known as the Western Wall • No Jewish temple on site since 70 A.D.
- 17. Western Wall a.k.a. theWailing Wall considered the holiest site in Israel part of an ancient Temple of Solomon
- 18. Christianity Evolved 2,000 yearsago from Judaism Based on teaching of Jesus Christ, who Christians believe to be the son of God. Teachings recorded in the Bible. Spread from Jerusalem
- 19. Christians and theHoly Land Christians cherish Jerusalem as the site of Jesus’ life, death and resurrection Home to original cross and stone of Christ’s tomb Site of sacred Church of the Holy Sepulcher Holds variety of Christian shrines
- 20. Islam Established around 613A.D. Based on teachings of prophet Muhammad Has close ties to the prophets and teachers of Judaism and Christianity Holy book is the Qur’an. Two major sects are Sunni and Shiite.
- 21. Muslims and theHoly Land Qur’an establishes claim that both Jews and Arabs are people of Abraham Islam claims Jerusalem as 3rd most holy city behind Mecca & Medina Dome of the Rock- spot where Muslims believe the Prophet Muhammad rose into heaven Next to Western Wall Site of frequent clashes between Muslims & Jews
- 22. Section 2: TheEastern Mediterranean After WW1 Britain controlled Palestine Zionism- goal of the creation & support of a Jewish homeland in Palestine
- 24. Section 2: TheEastern Mediterranean After WW2 world sentiment favored giving the Jews a national homeland. May 14th , 1948 Israel was established. • Western nations (Europe and U.S.) supported the creation of Israel • Most Arab nations are angered and upset about the creation of a Jewish designated country in what is predominately a Muslim occupied region.
- 25. Reaction Arab countries (Egypt,Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria) tried to destroy Israel Arab-Israeli War (1948) Six Day War (1967) Yom Kippur War (1973)
- 26. Results Arab countries defeated Israelgained more territory • Military occupied Gaza Strip & West Bank • Palestine is no longer a country
- 27. Section 2: TheEastern Mediterranean Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)- formed to regain the land for Arabs Political & Military means used
- 28. Hamas Hamas (Palestinian Nationalistgroup) demands own territory, currently occupies Gaza Strip Considered a terrorist organization
- 29. Section 2: TheEastern Mediterranean Ottoman Empire- Muslim based government, started in Turkey Lasted from 1520- 1920 (‘til end of WW1)
- 30. Section 3: TheNortheast The Kurds- ethnic group in Southwestern Asia Stateless nation 5,000+ were gassed to death by Saddam Hussein’s army. Saddam was executed for this
- 31. Section 3: TheNortheast Mesopotamia- many civilizations were started here in the “land between the rivers” (AKA The Fertile Crescent) Sumer Babylonia Assyria Chaldea Hittites Persia
- 32. Section 3: TheNortheast Taliban- fundamentalist Muslim political group in Afghanistan
- 33. No television, musicor movies No whistling or clapping No dancing No shorts No photography No smoking Men must have a beard and wear a head covering
- 34. Women: •No jobs, muststay at home •Must wear the burqa and be with a male relative outside the house •No schooling/education •No revealing ankles/ no white socks •No treatment by male doctors •No make-up or brightly colored clothes
- 35. •No associating withmale shopkeepers •No laughing loudly •No high heels •No driving •No riding bicycles •No washing clothes next to a river unless a male relative is present •Windows must be painted or covered
- 36.
Editor's Notes
- #37 Concern that US has with Afghanistan is that US believes that Osama bin Laden the mastermind behind the 9-11 attacks and Al-qaida are in Afghanistan – why we invaded in 2002