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Tenses - English Grammar
The document explains the different verb tenses in English, including simple, continuous, perfect, and perfect continuous aspects. It describes their uses in various contexts to indicate time and the nature of actions, whether they are completed, ongoing, or habitual. Examples illustrate how each tense functions in sentences.
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Tenses - English Grammar
- 1. Tenses Are you tensedabout tenses?
- 2. Introduction • What partof speech has tense in a sentence? Verb – the action word • What does a verb do? It indicates ‘time’ of an action by changing its form. E.g. She sings/sang/has sung/will sing etc. • In other words, verb indicates time or carries the time.
- 3. Simple Past Before right now Present Rightnow Future After right now Time Aspect
- 4. Simple Aspect • Actionor series of actions as a whole • This is either complete or is regarded as permanent
- 5. Simple Past Before right now Present Rightnow Future After right now Time Aspect
- 6. Present Simple • Use –To indicate a regular repeated activity • I eat lunch at 1 pm. • My computer classes are in the evening.
- 7. Present Simple • Use –To indicate general truths or facts • My father works in a private company. • I study engineering. • A week has seven days. – To introduce a quote • My father says education should help one to find a decent job. • The Hindu reports that the Prime Minister might visit UAE soon
- 8. Simple Past Before right now Present Rightnow Future After right now Time Aspect
- 9. Past Simple • Use –To indicate completed action • We just finished our Math class. (immediate past) • The mock interviews happened last month. (distant past) – To indicate past habit or regular event • We played cricket almost every day.
- 10. Past Simple • Use –To indicate a past habit or situation of some duration • My mother worked for over 20 years. – To indicate past situation at a point in time • My sister joined the Navy in 2010. • India won the world cup cricket in 1983.
- 11. Simple Past Before right now Present Rightnow Future After right now Time Aspect
- 12. Future Simple • Use –To predict • I will appear for GATE in 2016. • My friend will go to US next month. – To make formal announcements • The CRT programme will end on Sunday. • The Elephos will conduct a test this evening.
- 13. Simple Continuous Past Before right now Present Rightnow Future After right now Time Aspect
- 14. Continuous Aspect • Indicates: –action is in progress – action is not complete – situation is temporary
- 15. Simple Continuous Past Before right now Present Rightnow Future After right now Time Aspect
- 16. Present Continuous • Use –Indicates activity in progress • We are learning tenses in grammar. – Used with ‘these days, this week, today, this month’ etc. • The college bus is not running in my route this month. • Raju is attending C++ classes these days.
- 17. Present Continuous • Use –To indicate the process of change • Many women are putting their careers ahead of their family lately. – To indicate a future intention • Team Elephos is returning to Hyderabad tonight.
- 18. Simple Continuous Past Before right now Present Rightnow Future After right now Time Aspect
- 19. Past Continuous • Use –To indicate an event in progress when something else happened • While my parents were watching the TV yesterday night they heard an explosion from the street. – An action, event or situation in progress • He was going to the market at 8 o’ clock this morning.
- 20. Simple Continuous Past Before right now Present Rightnow Future After right now Time Aspect
- 21. Future Continuous • Use –To indicate an action that will be in progress in the future • This time next year we will be working for different MNCs. – To indicate an activity that will cover a time period • They will be attending interviews all day on Friday.
- 22. Simple Continuous Perfect Past Before right now Present Rightnow Future After right now Time Aspect
- 23. Perfect Aspect • Theevent took place • The event has some relevance to the time being referred to
- 24. Simple Continuous Perfect Past Before right now Present Rightnow Future After right now Time Aspect
- 25. Present Perfect • Use –To indicate a relationship between past and present time • My parents have lived here for over ten years. • The PM has announced that India would like to build its relation with Pakistan. • I haven’t seen him for ages. • He has been our principal since 2013.
- 26. Simple Continuous Perfect Past Before right now Present Rightnow Future After right now Time Aspect
- 27. Past Perfect • Use –To indicate event that happened before the past • The train had left before we reached the station. – To be equivalent of the present perfect in the past • My parents had lived here for 10 years before they were asked to move out.
- 28. Simple Continuous Perfect Past Before right now Present Rightnow Future After right now Time Aspect
- 29. Future Perfect • Use –To indicate from future that something will be finished and be in the past. • I will have mastered the art of communication skills by the end of this week. – To indicate the milestone in an activity in the future • My friend will have completed a year with the new company in 2016.
- 30. Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous Past Before rightnow Present Right now Future After right now Time Aspect
- 31. The Perfect Continuous •Indicates the continuity of an action as well as the point in time since the event started.
- 32. Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous Past Before rightnow Present Right now Future After right now Time Aspect
- 33. Present Perfect Continuous •Use – To indicate an activity that has been in progress till the present moment. • We have been studying ratio and proportions for the last few sessions. • Salman Khan have been raising false alarms about his marriage for a while now.
- 34. Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous Past Before rightnow Present Right now Future After right now Time Aspect
- 35. Past Perfect Continuous •Use – Similar to present perfect – difference is this looks back at an activity from the past. • I had been attending CRT classes all day long.
- 36. Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous Past Before rightnow Present Right now Future After right now Time Aspect