The Django Web Framework (EuroPython 2006)

Aug 2, 20123 likes2,882 views

The document summarizes the Django web framework. It describes key characteristics like clean URLs, loosely coupled components, and designer-friendly templates. It outlines components like URL dispatching, views, models, templates, forms, validation, administration, internationalization, and success stories. Django allows for really fast development, reuse of components, and less code through its architecture and features.

The Django Web Framework

Simon Willison
http://simonwillison.net/

EuroPython, 3rd July 2006

The Django Web Framework (EuroPython 2006)

Characteristics
Clean URLs
Loosely coupled components
Designer-friendly templates
Less code

Really fast development

http://www.example.com/poll/5/

What code shall we
execute?

(r'^$', 'views.index'),
(r'^hello/$', ‘views.hello'),
(r'^poll/(d+)/$', ‘views.poll'),

def index(request):
s = "Hello, World"
return HttpResponse(s)

def index(request):
name = request.GET['name']
s = "Hi, " + escape(name)
return HttpResponse(s)

...
(r'^poll/(d+)/$', 'views.poll'),
...

...
(r'^poll/(d+)/$', 'views.poll'),
...

def poll(request, poll_id):
poll = Poll.objects.get(
pk=poll_id
)
return HttpResponse(
'Question: ' + poll.question
)

class Poll(Model):
question = CharField(maxlength=200)
pub_date = DateTimeField()

class Choice(Model):
poll = ForeignKey(Poll)
choice = CharField(maxlength=200)
votes = IntegerField()

BEGIN;
CREATE TABLE "polls_poll" (
"id" serial NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
"question" varchar(200) NOT NULL,
"pub_date" timestamp with time zone
NOT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE "polls_choice" (
"id" serial NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
"poll_id" integer NOT NULL
REFERENCES "polls_polls" ("id"),
"choice" varchar(200) NOT NULL,
"votes" integer NOT NULL
);
COMMIT;

p = Poll(
question = "What's up?",
pub_date = datetime.now()
)
p.save()

p.choice_set.create(
choice = "Some choice",
votes = 0
)

>>> p.id
1

>>> p.question
"What's up?"

>>> p.choice_set.all()
[<Choice: Some choice>]

>>> Poll.objects.count()
7

>>> Poll.objects.filter(
pub_date__year = 2006,
pub_date__month = 5
)
["What's up?"]

>>> Poll.objects.all()[0:2]
["What's up", "Like Django?"]

c = Context({
'today': datetime.date.today(),
'edibles': ['pear', 'apple', 'orange']
})

<h1>Hello World!</h1>

<p>Today is {{ today|date:"jS F, Y" }}</p>

{% if edibles %}
<ul>
{% for fruit in edibles %}
<li>{{ fruit }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endif %}

<h1>Hello World!</h1>

<p>Today is 2nd July, 2006</p>

<ul>
<li>pear</li>
<li>apple</li>
<li>orange</li>
</ul>

$def hello(request): return render_to_response('hello.html',{ 'today': datetime.date.today(), 'edibles': ['pear', 'apple', 'orange'] })$

base.html
<html>
<head>
<title>
{% block title %}{% endblock %}
</title>
</head>
<body>
{% block main %}{% endblock %}
<div id=”footer”>
{% block footer %}(c) 2006{% endblock %}
</div>
</body>
</html>

home.html

{% extends “base.html” %}
{% block title %}Homepage{% endblock %}

{% block main %}
Main page contents goes here.
{% endblock %}

combined
<html>
<head>
<title>
Homepage
</title>
</head>
<body>
Main page contents goes here.
<div id=”footer”>
(c) 2006
</div>
</body>
</html>

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Czech Dutch
Welsh Norwegian
Danish Brazilian
German Romanian
Greek Russian
English Slovak
Spanish Slovenian
French Serbian
Galician Swedish
Hebrew Ukrainian
Icelandic Simpliﬁed Chinese
Italian Traditional Chinese

msgid "Usernames cannot contain the '@' character."
msgstr "Ім'я не може містити '@' символ"

1. Display form

2. Validate submitted data

3. If errors, redisplay with:

3.1. Contextual error messages

3.2. Correct fields pre-filled

4. ... do something useful!

Model validation rules
+ the Manipulator API
do all of this for you

No time to talk about...

Generic views
Data object serialisation
Syndication framework
Middleware
Authentication and authorisation

170+ public Django-powered sites

http://code.djangoproject.com/wiki/DjangoPoweredSites

90+ contributors

1900+ mailing list subscribers (and 900+ on
the development list)

And the Journal-World have convinced three
new people to go and work in Kansas

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The Django Web Framework (EuroPython 2006)

1. The Django Web Framework Simon Willison http://simonwillison.net/ EuroPython, 3rd July 2006

2. Web development on Journalism deadlines

7. ... in three days

8. Characteristics Clean URLs Loosely coupled components Designer-friendly templates Less code Really fast development

9. Components

10. URL dispatching

11. http://www.example.com/poll/5/ What code shall we execute?

12. (r'^$', 'views.index'), (r'^hello/$', ‘views.hello'), (r'^poll/(d+)/$', ‘views.poll'),

13. Views

14. def index(request): s = "Hello, World" return HttpResponse(s)

15. def index(request): name = request.GET['name'] s = "Hi, " + escape(name) return HttpResponse(s)

16. Models

17. ... (r'^poll/(d+)/$', 'views.poll'), ...

18. ... (r'^poll/(d+)/$', 'views.poll'), ... def poll(request, poll_id): poll = Poll.objects.get( pk=poll_id ) return HttpResponse( 'Question: ' + poll.question )

19. class Poll(Model): question = CharField(maxlength=200) pub_date = DateTimeField() class Choice(Model): poll = ForeignKey(Poll) choice = CharField(maxlength=200) votes = IntegerField()

20. BEGIN; CREATE TABLE "polls_poll" ( "id" serial NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "question" varchar(200) NOT NULL, "pub_date" timestamp with time zone NOT NULL ); CREATE TABLE "polls_choice" ( "id" serial NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, "poll_id" integer NOT NULL REFERENCES "polls_polls" ("id"), "choice" varchar(200) NOT NULL, "votes" integer NOT NULL ); COMMIT;

21. p = Poll( question = "What's up?", pub_date = datetime.now() ) p.save() p.choice_set.create( choice = "Some choice", votes = 0 )

22. >>> p.id 1 >>> p.question "What's up?" >>> p.choice_set.all() [<Choice: Some choice>]

23. >>> Poll.objects.count() 7 >>> Poll.objects.filter( pub_date__year = 2006, pub_date__month = 5 ) ["What's up?"] >>> Poll.objects.all()[0:2] ["What's up", "Like Django?"]

24. Templates

25. Gluing strings together gets old fast

26. c = Context({ 'today': datetime.date.today(), 'edibles': ['pear', 'apple', 'orange'] })

27. <h1>Hello World!</h1> <p>Today is {{ today|date:"jS F, Y" }}</p> {% if edibles %} <ul> {% for fruit in edibles %} <li>{{ fruit }}</li> {% endfor %} </ul> {% endif %}

28. <h1>Hello World!</h1> <p>Today is 2nd July, 2006</p> <ul> <li>pear</li> <li>apple</li> <li>orange</li> </ul>

29. def hello(request): return render_to_response('hello.html',{ 'today': datetime.date.today(), 'edibles': ['pear', 'apple', 'orange'] })

30. Common headers and footers?

31. Template inheritance

32. base.html <html> <head> <title> {% block title %}{% endblock %} </title> </head> <body> {% block main %}{% endblock %} <div id=”footer”> {% block footer %}(c) 2006{% endblock %} </div> </body> </html>

33. home.html {% extends “base.html” %} {% block title %}Homepage{% endblock %} {% block main %} Main page contents goes here. {% endblock %}

35. Loosely coupled

36. Icing

38. Bengali Japanese Czech Dutch Welsh Norwegian Danish Brazilian German Romanian Greek Russian English Slovak Spanish Slovenian French Serbian Galician Swedish Hebrew Ukrainian Icelandic Simpliﬁed Chinese Italian Traditional Chinese

39. msgid "Usernames cannot contain the '@' character." msgstr "Ім'я не може містити '@' символ"

40. Forms are boring

41. 1. Display form 2. Validate submitted data 3. If errors, redisplay with: 3.1. Contextual error messages 3.2. Correct fields pre-filled 4. ... do something useful!

42. Model validation rules + the Manipulator API do all of this for you

43. The admin package does even more

45. No time to talk about... Generic views Data object serialisation Syndication framework Middleware Authentication and authorisation

46. Success stories

52. 170+ public Django-powered sites http://code.djangoproject.com/wiki/DjangoPoweredSites 90+ contributors 1900+ mailing list subscribers (and 900+ on the development list) And the Journal-World have convinced three new people to go and work in Kansas

53. Find out more

56. www.djangoproject.com

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