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The periodic table of elements quarter 2
- 1. INTRODUCTION TO SCIENCE A WORLDOF DISCOVERY h ttp s ://yo u tu .b e /Vg VQ KCc fwn U? s i= P7 s h OCw iBo HIz e tH
- 2. At the endof the lesson, the students should be able to: Classify the elements, periods, and group in the periodic table Participate and perform the activities Strengthen their appreciation of the significance of elements in our daily lives
- 6. THE PERIODIC TABLEOF ELEMENTS
- 7. • The horizontalrows of the periodic table are called PERIODS. • The vertical columns are called families or groups • Elements in the same family have similar physical and chemical properties THE PERIODIC TABLE
- 9. • METALS AREON THE LEFT AND IN THE CENTRE OF THE PERIODIC TABLE • METALS HAVE THE FOLLOWING PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: • CONDUCT HEAT AND ELECTRICITY • DUCTILE AND MALLEABLE • SHINY • SOLID AT ROOM TEMPERATURE (EXCEPT MERCURY METAL S
- 10. • METALS HAVETHE FOLLOWING CHEMICAL PROPERTIES: • CAN EASILY CORRODE/OXIDIZE • REACT WITH ACID TO RELEASE HYDROGEN GAS METALS
- 11. • NON-METALS AREON THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE PERIODIC TABLE • NON-METALS HAVE THE FOLLOWING PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: • POOR CONDUCTORS OF HEAT AND ELECTRICITY • USUALLY SOLID OR GAS AT ROOM TEMPERATURE (ONLY BROMINE IS A LIQUID AT ROOM TEMPERATURE). NON-METALS
- 12. • NON-METALS HAVEA WIDE RANGE OF CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND REACTIVITIES • have a tendency to gain electrons in a chemical reaction NON METALS
- 13. • METALS ARESEPARATED FROM NON-METALS BY A STAIRCASE OF ELEMENTS CALLED METALLOIDS • Metalloids are elements with properties intermediate between metals and non-metals METALLOIDS
- 14. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: • SOLIDAT ROOM TEMPERATURE • CAN BE SHINY OR DULL • BRITTLE (NOT DUCTILE) • MAY CONDUCT ELECTRICITY, POOR CONDUCTOR OF HEAT CHEMICAL PROPERTIES: • VARY METALLOIDS
- 15. CHEMICAL FAMILIES CHEMICAL FAMILY= GROUPSOF ELEMENTS THAT HAVE SIMILAR PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
- 16. CHEMICAL FAMILIES ALKALI METALS(GROUP 1) REACTIVITY: • REACTS EASILY WITH WATER AND AIR • REACTS EASILY WITH HALOGENS PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: • SHINY, SILVERY • ONLY FOUND IN NATURE AS COMPOUNDS • COMPOUNDS ARE WHITE SOLIDS SOLUBLE IN WATER
- 17. CHEMICAL FAMILIES ALKALINE EARTHMETALS (GROUP 2) REACTIVITY: • LESS REACTIVE THAN GROUP 1 METALS PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: • SHINY, SILVERY • FORMS COMPOUNDS THAT ARE OFTEN INSOLUBLE IN WATER
- 18. HALOGENS (GROUP 17) REACTIVITY: •REACTS EASILY WITH ALKALI METALS PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: • POISONOUS • EXISTS NATURALLY AS COMPOUNDS CHEMICAL FAMILIES
- 19. Noble Gases (Group18) Reactivity: • inert, stable, unreactive • can be excited by electricity to produce colours, but are chemically unchanged Physical Properties: • colourless, odourless gases at room temperature • does not form compounds CHEMICAL FAMILIES
- 20. FOR EXAMPLE, NEONIS THE CLOSEST NOBLE GAS IN THE PERIODIC TABLE TO SODIUM, MAGNESIUM AND ALUMINUM NOBLE GASES
- 21. In your ownwords what is the importance of elements in your daily life?
- 22. COLUMN A _____1. Aluminum _____2.Oxygen _____3. Iron _____4. Hydrogen _____5. Magnesium COLUMN B A.Mg B.Fe C.Al D.H E.O A. Match the following symbols to their elements. Write your answer on the blank before the number
- 23. B. Encircle theletter of the correct answer 1.A _____ is a row on the periodic table a.Group b.Element c. Period d. Table 2.______ Is a column on the periodic table? a.Group b.Element c.Period d.Table 3.How many periods are there in a periodic table?
- 24. a.6 b.7 c.8 d.9 4.How many groupsare there in a periodic table? a.11 b.13 c.10 d.18 5.Who founded the periodic table of the elements? a.Dmitri Mendeleev b.Bill Gates c.Albert Einstein d.Henry Sy
- 25. ASSIGNMENT: How do youexplain the periodic table of elements
- 26.
Editor's Notes
- #2 1.7.2013
- #3 1.7.2013
- #4 What is the elements of the green colored? Very good, how about this one?
- #5 What is the element have you seen in purple? is this a metalloids
- #6 What is the elements have you seen in orange? But before we proceed to our next activity, I want to ask one of you, alexa. what have you noticed on the images? -Excellent answer, alexa.
- #7 1.7.2013
- #8 1.7.2013
- #9 1.7.2013
- #10 so the first group we're going to look at here is the metals and most of the elements on the periodic table are elements so all of the green-colored elements here on this table those are all metals and metals have specific properties metals are shiny or lustrous they are malleable which means they can be hammered out into sheets they are ductile which means they can be drawn out into wires they are great conductors of both electricity and heat and they are generally solids at room temperature with the exception of mercury which is hg number 80 so that's what metals are
- #12 the nonmetals it's a fairly small group compared to the metals and the nonmetals are not shiny they are brittle so they very easily break they are very poor conductors of electricity most nonmetals are gases some are solids and one is a liquid at room temperature so they're kind of all over the place they're not mostly all solid like the metals are
- #14 and then the last group we have here is the metalloids and the metalloids are characteristics or have characteristics of both metals and nonmetals so they're kind of similar to metals kind of similar to nonmetals for example silicon is shiny and silvery that it is not malleable can't really hammer it out metalloids can conduct electricity but not always very well
- #16 periodic table can also be split into several other groups and specifically groups we remember the vertical columns in the periodic table. these groups in the periodic table show very similar chemical properties so many of these groups have their own names so we're going to go through a several of those.
- #17 we'll look at the alkali metals these are the metals found at the far far left side of the periodic table and just like the halogens these are extremely reactive elements. these will even react with water and air so these metals are usually stored in oil because if you just leave them out in the air they will slowly burn away and if you throw any of them in water for instance the sodium or potassium they'll actually catch on fire. that's how reactive they're these metals are soft enough to cut with a knife so usually you think of metals is very hard but these are kind of soft like some sort of metallic play-doh they're very common metals and almost always found in compounds and that's because they're so reactive that they will react with another element very quickly to become part of some larger compound they all form ions with the charge of +1 and they have a combining capacity of 1 which of course means they can bond with one other atom at a time
- #18 so right next door Alkaline Earth Metals we have the alkaline earth metals this is the second group on the periodic table and these, guys will form ions with a charge of +2 and they all have a combining capacity of 2 which means they can bond with two other atoms at one time and they are reactive like the alkali metals but less so so they're not quite as reactive. now if we look at the size of the elements on the periodic table you'll see that there is a very specific pattern that emerges as well the atoms. increase in size as you go from the right to the left and from the top to the bottom so as you go right-to-left the atoms get bigger and as you go from top to bottom the atoms get bigger which means the largest atom would be number 87 every francium however that largest atom is only about three times bigger than the smallest atom even though it has a mass hundreds of times greater . so the size of the atom does not increase as much as the mass increases
- #19 We have halogens and these are the nonmetals found right beside the noble gases on the periodic table. so they're over the far right as well and although they're very close to the noble gases in the periodic table. they're very dissimilar in their reactivity so these are very reactive elements and they're almost always found as compounds they have a charge of negative one. so this whole column will form charges of negative one. when they become ions and they can bond with one other atom of an element so they have a combining capacity of one so that basically means that they can in a chemical reaction they can link up with one other element at a time
- #20 so first up is the noble gases these are the gases found on the far right of the periodic table these gases are all unreactive. they do not interact with any of the other elements or themselves, they are basically loners, they if there's a helium atom out there it's probably by itself. it's not trying to make some sort of compound because they just don't do that. they will glow if electricity passes through the gas for instance neon lights. you've probably heard of neon lights before they are filled with the noble gas neon so that's one fun fact about noble gases and they are all colorless, odorless, tasteless and unreactive gases so they seem rather boring but they're actually very important and how all of chemistry works
- #21 So that’s all for today. Any question or clarification? If none, Get ready for our activity Group yourselves into 4 groups. The group that finishes first will gets a prize. ACTIVITY TITLE: BINGO OF ELEMENTS
- #22 The elements are important to our daily lives because In comparison, compounds are essential since we use them in our daily living like food and water.
- #23 So for our first quiz, get 1 whole sheet of paper
- #25 Are you done?
- #26 So now for our assignment. So that’s all for today, let’s all stand for closing prayer The name of the father, the son, and to the holy spirit. Dear god thank you for all the things that we have learned today. (AMEN)