The prokaryotes report

• Proteobacteria is considered the major group of bacteria.
They include a wide variety of pathogens,. Others are free-
living (non-parasitic), and include many of the bacteria
responsible for nitrogen fixation.
• The name was taken from the mythological Greek god
Proteus, whocouldassume manyshapes.

1. Alphaproteobacteria
2. Betaproteobacteria
3. Gammaproteobacteria
4. Deltaproteobacteria
5. Epsilonproteobacteria

• These are gram-negative rod-shaped bacera, or coccobacilli. They are
transmitted to humans by bites of insects and ticks. They are also
responsible for a number of disease known as the spotted fever group.

• Are gram-negative, rickettsialike bacteria that live
obligatelywithin white bloodcells.

• Are both foundin low-nutrientsaquatic environments, such
as lakes. They both produce prominentprosthecae (budding).

• Rhizobium andBradyrhizobiumare two ofthe more
importantgenera of a group of agriculturallyimportant
bacteriathat specificallyinfect theroots ofleguminous
plants.
• It’s presence in the rootsleadsto formationof nodules
in which the rhizobiaand plantform a symbiotic
relationship,resultingin the fixationofnitrogen from
the airfor use by the plant.

• Contains several members that are human pathogens.
• The best example known is Bartonellahenselae, a gram-negative
bacillusthat causes cat-scratched disease.

• Are small nonmotilecoccobacilli. Species of Brucellaare
obligate parasites of mammalsand cause the disease
brucellosis. It has theability to survive phagocytosis.

• Are genera of nitrifyingbacteriathatare of great
importanceto the environment andto agriculture.
They are chemoautotrophscapableof usinginorganic
chemicalsas energy sources and carbondioxideas the
only source of carbon,from whichthey synthesize all
of their complex chemical makeup.

• Are probably the most common infectiousbacterial genusin
theworld. They live only inside thecells of theirhosts, usually
insects (a relationship knownas endosymbiosis).

• These are sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. They are chemoautotrophic
bacteria capable of obtaining energy by oxidizing the reduced forms of
sulfur, such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), or elemental sulfur, into sulfates
(SO4).

• It’s habitat is mainly fresh water. They are motile by
conventional polar flagella, rather than axial fillament. They
are relatively large, gram-negative, aerobic bacteria.

Burkholderia
• These were formerly group with Pseudomonas, a
gammaproteobacteria. Like Pseudomonas, all Burkholderia
speciesaremotilebyasinglepolarflagellumortuftofflagella.

Bordetella
• Is thenonmotile,aerobic, gram-negativerod Bordetella
pertussis.This serious pathogenis the cause of pertussis, or
whooping cough.

• These are aerobic, gram-negativecocci thatusuallyinhabit
themucous membraneof mammals.

Zoogloea
• These genus is important in the context of aerobic sewage-
treatmentprocesses. As they grow, Zoogloeabacteria form
fluffy,slimy masses thatare essentialto the proper operation
of such systems.

• Is a genus of small
pleomorphic bacteria that
grow only on complex
media enriched with blood
or tissue extracts.

• Strictly aerobic coccobacilli that is
intermediatein shape between cocci
and rods.

• Each cell has one polar flagellum.
• It is frequently found in raw meat,
particularly chicken, and thus is a
significant cause of food poisoning
due to handling raw meat or
undercooking it.

ARCHAEA
• Halophiles
1. Halobacterium – bacteria thatsurvive in very high
concentrationsof salt, such as theGreat Salt Lake and solar
evaporating ponds.
2. Sulfolobus – archaea thatthrive in acidic, sulfur-richhot
springs.
• Hyperthermophiles
1. Methanobacterium– anaerobic methane-prodcing
membersof archaea.

The prokaryotes report

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