TIKKA DISEASE OF GROUNDNUT.pptx

TIKKA DISEASE OF GROUNDNUT.pptx

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  Presented by M.KARTHIGA, 18ZOO13 S.LOGESHWARI, 18ZOO17 PLANT PATHOLOGY TIKKADISEASE OF GROUNDNUT E.M.G. Yadava Women’s College, Madurai-625014 An Autonomous Institution – Affiliated to Madurai Kamaraj University Re-accredited3rd Cycle with Grade A+ & CGPA 3.51 by NAAC Dr.V.Vijaya Assistant Professor of Botany E.M.G. Yadava Women's College
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  Tikka Disease ofGroundnut Kingdom: Fungi Phylum: Ascomycota Class: Dothideomycetidae Order: Capnodiales Genus: Cercospora  Tikka disease of groundnut is a fungal disease. This disease is also called leaf spot disease.  Host - Groundnut plants. (Arachis hypogea)  Casual organism - Cercospora arachidicola, Cercospora personata.  Tikka disease is the major disease of groundnut in India.  All the groundnut varieties grown in India are susceptible to the disease.  It is a common disease in the United States of America, China, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Australia.
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  Symptoms  The symptomsof Tikka disease appear in the form of leaf spots when the plants are one two months old.  The spots are circular. They appear in a number of the leaves.  First, the spots appear as small patches on the surface of older leaves, which later on turn brown. The foliage finally dries up due to excessive spots and later in defoliation.  Cercospora personata causes, circular, dark brown or black leaf spots which are 16 mm in diameter.  The mycelium of Çercospora personata is intercellular, brown, septate and branched. It produces haustoria to absorb food from the host tissue.  The spots are found on both the surface of the leaf.  Due to severe infection 20-30% of yield reduction will happen.  Leaf spots caused by Cercospora arachidicola are irregular and comparatively larger in size. Each spot is 4-10 mm in diameter.
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  Symptoms
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   The myceliumof Cercospora arachidicola is intercellular and intracellular on the host tissue.  The mycelium is branched, elongated, septate and brownish in color. It does not produce haustoria.  In Cercospora arachidicola, the conidiophores are 24µ long, geniculate and septate.  Each conidium is 4-12 septate. The conidia are short cylindrical and 1-7 septate.  They are yellowish brown color and produced on the upper surface of leaves.  They emerge out in clusters by rupturing the epidermis. Symptoms
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  Disease Cycle  Thisdisease is disseminated by wind from leaf to leaf.  The conidia remain viable in the soil for a long time.  A period of at least three days of high humidity, prolonged low temperature and dew promotes severe infection of the disease. Control Measures 1. Burning of diseased plant debris reduces the source of inoculum. 2. Two to four year's crop rotation often cuts down the rate of infection. 3. Pruning can also be done with the help of pruning scissors by removing the infected parts of the plant. 4. The tikka disease can be effectively controlled by spraying the crop with 0.03% carbendazim, 0.05% Benomyl and Bordeaux mixture. 5. This disease can be controlled by treating the seeds with agrosan GN and 0.5%CuSo, solution. 6. Cultivation of disease resistant varieties like Gwatior 120, and Gwatior 1032.
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  Reference: 1. https://biologyreader.com/tikka-disease- of-ground-nut.html 2. https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/org_farm/orgfar m_prac_agri_groundnut_diseases.html 3.Google images
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  Thank You