AT
Uploaded byAriuntuya Tsend-Ayush
279 views

Trade Flow Analysis - Kazakhstan_final

This document analyzes Kazakhstan's exports and export opportunities for processed fruits and vegetables. It finds that Kazakhstan's main food exports in 2002 were cereals like wheat, while exports of vegetables, fruits and related products reached $24.3 million. The document examines Kazakhstan's export levels and opportunities for over 20 processed fruit and vegetable products between 1998-2002, finding the largest opportunities may be for onions, tomatoes, melons, cabbages, and peppers.

Download to read offline
ECO: IDENTIFYING INTRA-REGIONAL EXPORT POTENTIAL IN AGRO-PRODUCTS AND PROCESSED FOODS KAZAKHSTAN KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES (WORKING DOCUMENT) 2004 (Project No. KAZ 61/90)
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)2 This document was prepared within the framework of the project KAZ 61/90 and the South-South Trade Promotion Programme (SSTP). It aims to provide a statistical background of export opportunities for processed fruits and vegetables from Kazakhstan. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. While every effort has been made to verify the information contained in this document, ITC cannot accept any responsibility for any errors that it may contain. The report was produced by Ms. Ariuntuya Tsend-Ayush with the support of the Market Analysis Section (MAS) and Ms. Sylvie Bétemps. For further details on the methodology of the present document, please contact Ms. Sylvie Bétemps (ITC, e-mail: betemps@intracen.org; tel: +41-22-7300 204; fax: +41-22-7300 249). For additional information on the South-South Trade Promotion Programme (SSTP), please contact Mr. Govind Venuprasad (ITC, e-mail: venuprasad@intracen.org; tel: +41-22-7300 614; fax: +41-22-7300 249). This report has not been formally edited by the International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Note 4 A. BACKGROUND – EXPORT OVERVIEW 6 B. EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES FROM KAZAKHSTAN 7 C. FURTHER MARKET OPPORTUNITIES 34 D. METHODOLOGY 36
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)4 NOTE The following abbreviations are used: B Billion CIF Cost, Insurance and Freight CIS Commonwealth of Independent States (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Republic of Moldova, The Russian Federation, Tajikistan, The Ukraine and Uzbekistan) ECO Economic Cooperation Organization (Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Islamic Republic of Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan) EU European Union FDI Foreign direct investments FOB Free on Board GDP Gross domestic product HS Harmonized System Nomenclature ITC International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO M Million Mt Metric tons nes not elsewhere specified SME Small and Medium size Enterprises SSTP South-South Trade Promotion Programme UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNSD United Nations Statistics Division WTO World Trade Organization
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 5 A. BACKGROUND – EXPORT OVERVIEW In 2002, Kazakhstan ranked 63rd in the world as an exporting country. The country’s exports reached US$ 9 billion in value, having expanded sharply, by 18% per year between 1998 and 2002. Growth of world exports increased by 4% on average per year during the same period. Fuels and manufactured products accounted for 80% of Kazakhstan’s total exports in 2002 (see figure 1). Food products (live animals, beverages, animal and vegetable oils and fats) represented 4,11%. Figure 1. Breakdown of Kazakhstan’s exports in 2002 Source: ITC PC-TAS 1998-2002 The main food products exported by Kazakhstan are cereals (HS10), especially wheat, muslin, barley and maize (see table 1). Ranked 6th amongst all product categories exported by the country, they generated an income of US$ 277 million. Kazakhstan’s exports of vegetables, fruits and related preparations (HS07, HS08, HS20) reached US$ 24.3 million, while exports of fish, crustaceans and molluscs (HS03) amounted to US$ 13.6 million. Flour-based products, milk preparations (HS19) and milling products (HS11) together generated revenues of US$ 10.5 million. FUELS & LUBRICANTS 51.12% INEDIBLE CRUDE MATERIALS 11.01% FOOD PRODUCTS 4.11% OTHER 0.42% MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS 30.39% CHEMICALS 2.94%
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)6 Table 1. Kazakhstan’s exports of food products in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap As prioritized by Kazakhstan’s Ministry of Trade, in cooperation with ITC, Kazakhstan’s export opportunities for processed fruits and vegetables have been explored in the following chapters. Product groups, with six-digit HS-6 codes, that fall under the category of processed fruits and vegetables and comprise part of Kazakhstan’s export portfolio, have been listed in table 2. The table shows not only volumes, but also values per ton and changes in export volumes and values between 1998 and 2002. The import figures for the same products are provided for comparison. On the one hand, they allow checking for indications of re-exports, on the other, for market potential in the domestic markets. It is also possible that there are quality differences between imported and exported products and/or that different products within the same HS 6- digit product groups are imported or exported. HS Code Product Value 2002 in US$ thousand Annual growth in value between 1998-2002, % Annual growth in value between 2001-2002, % Annual growth of world exports between 1998- 2002, % Ranking in country exports Share in world exports, % Ranking in world exports 8,988,831 18 17 4 0.1 63 10 Cereals 277,322 -3 -11 -2 6 0.8 18 07 Edible vegetables and certain roots and tubers 16,439 -17 -12 3 17 0.1 73 03 Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates nes 13,632 21 28 3 19 0 97 08 Edible fruit, nuts, peel of citrus fruit, melons 7,206 -29 -59 0 25 0 107 19 Cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and products 5,258 46 30 4 29 0 79 11 Milling products, malt, starches, inulin, wheat gluten 5,187 -48 -72 1 30 0.1 59 17 Sugars and sugar confectionery 3,923 -11 -67 0 33 0 107 05 Products of animal origin, nes 2,907 20 -55 0 35 0.1 65 15 Animal,vegetable fats and oils, cleavage products, etc 2,366 -36 -34 -5 38 0 107 16 Meat, fish and seafood food preparations nes 2,023 -5 -82 3 41 0 94 14 Vegetable plaiting materials, vegetable products nes 1,792 -35 -75 -2 43 0.5 36 02 Meat and edible meat offal 1,149 -51 -82 3 46 0 85 12 Oil seed, oleagic fruits, grain, seed, fruit, etc, nes 1,096 -8 2 2 47 0 122 04 Dairy products, eggs, honey, edible animal product nes 1,020 4 87 0 50 0 100 20 Vegetable, fruit, nut, etc food preparations 665 -20 -58 1 54 0 113 18 Cocoa and cocoa preparations 449 9 -23 1 59 0 118 21 Miscellaneous edible preparations 153 -13 93 3 69 0 09 Coffee, tea, mate and spices 136 -3 38 -13 70 0 159 13 Lac, gums, resins, vegetable saps and extracts nes 50 -24 -75 2 79 0 108 01 Live animals 38 -76 -15 1 81 0 140 06 Live trees, plants, bulbs, roots, cut flowers etc 22 59 -82 2 83 0 141 All products
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 7 Table 2. Kazakhstan’s exports of fruits and vegetables products in 2002 HS rev. 1 Product Value 2002 in US$ thousand Qty 2002 (tons) Value per ton Annual growth in value bw 98- 02% Annual growth in quantity bw 98- 02% Annual growth in value bw 01- 02% World market share% Ranking in world market Annual grwth in value of world imp bw 98-02 % Value 2002 in US$ thousand Qty 2002 (tons) Value per ton Annual growth in value bw 98- 02 % Exp'rs Share in Kaz's imports, % 070310 Onions and shallots, fresh or chilled 8,205 65,839 125 -30 -21 101 0 26 -3 45 625 72 -28 Kyrgyzstan 89 070200 Tomatoes, fresh or chilled 4,063 6,660 610 17 26 -51 0 24 2 23 19 1,211 -38 Netherlands 100 080719 (1996) Melons, fresh, other than watermelons 2,454 9,048 271 -28 -14 7 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 080711 (1996) Watermelons, fresh 1,783 13,851 129 -43 -21 -52 0 25 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 070490 Cabbages,kohlrabi,kale and sim edible brassicas nes,fresh or chilled 1,448 6,174 235 -1 13 -37 0 25 2 10 214 47 -37 0 0 070960 pp g Capsicum or of the genus Pimenta,fresh or 973 4,730 206 -18 -3 -30 0 38 4 29 304 95 -42 Kyrgyzstan 45 070610 Carrots and turnips, fresh or chilled 634 4,052 156 10 23 337 0 31 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 080810 Apples, fresh 591 1,328 445 -9 2 -87 0 51 1 3,216 19,024 169 5 China 84 081090 Fruits, fresh nes 582 1,309 445 0 10 -19 0 48 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 080910 Apricots, fresh 562 888 633 35 60 -66 0 19 -2 11 144 76 Kyrgyzstan 100 070700 Cucumbers and gherkins, fresh or chilled 390 787 496 -16 -5 -75 0 41 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 080610 Grapes, fresh 257 360 714 -26 -19 -84 0 52 4 17 22 773 19 Russian Federation 65 080940 Plums and sloes, fresh 232 560 414 -3 19 -75 0 31 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 200980 Fruit&veg juice nes (exc mx) unferment unspiritd, whether/not sug/sweet 184 316 582 -8 8 -27 0 89 4 732 836 876 -3 Moldova, Rep.of 27 071333 Kidney beans&white pea beans drid shelld,whether o not skinnd o split 163 385 423 -18 2 65 0 57 -4 85 194 438 -24 USA 95 080211 Almonds in shell fresh or dried 145 173 838 0 21 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 070690 Salad beetroot, salsif, celeriac,radish&sim edibl roots,fresh/chilld nes 125 549 228 -5 8 -31 0 33 -4 0 0 0 0 0 0 200970 Apple juice unfermented spiritd whether or not sugard or sweetend 108 184 587 -14 -17 67 0 67 1 1,119 2,274 492 29 Russian Federation 50 070930 Aubergines(egg- plants), fresh or chilled 101 264 383 -33 -27 -27 0 28 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 080232 Walnuts, fresh or dried, shelled or peeled 82 43 1907 34 0 44 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 200919 Orange juice nes, unfermentd spiritd,whether or not sugard or sweet 77 131 588 -33 0 81 15 850 1,267 671 14 Russian Federation 60 070990 Vegetables, fresh or chilled nes 75 41 1829 123 108 -69 0 99 7 39 0 0 0 Israel 100 080930 Peaches, including nectarines, fresh 74 109 679 -21 -13 -85 0 50 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 080820 Pears and quinces, fresh 71 147 483 -33 -24 -81 0 56 0 160 629 254 2 China 49 081290 Fruits&nuts provis preservd but unfit f immediate consumption nes 67 317 211 34 0 39 -10 0 0 0 0 0 0 071190 Vegetables nes&mixtures provis presvd but nt f immediate consumptn 66 20 3300 144 0 51 -3 0 0 0 0 0 0 071220 Onions dried but not further prepared 60 45 1333 329 0 53 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 080231 Walnuts in shell, fresh or dried 60 105 571 -1 29 114 0 28 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 200110 gherkins,prepared or preserved by vinegar or acetic acid 50 199 251 1 17 127 0 55 0 274 364 753 7 Hungary 77 080920 Cherries, fresh 48 35 1371 42 55 -89 0 42 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 List of Products exported by Kazakhstan in 2002 Imported by Kazakhstan
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)8 Source: ITC TradeMap HS rev. 1 Product Value 2002 in US$ thousand Qty 2002 (tons) Value per ton Annual growth in value bw 98- 02% Annual growth in quantity bw 98- 02% Annual growth in value bw 01- 02% World market share% Ranking in world market Annual grwth in value of world imp bw 98-02 % Value 2002 in US$ thousand Qty 2002 (tons) Value per ton Annual growth in value bw 98- 02 % Exp'rs Share in Kaz's imports, % 130219 Vegetable saps and extracts nes 46 2 23000 -15 -73 0 73 -7 11 4 2,750 -12 0 0 200590 g g prep/presvd o/t by vinegar/acetic acid,not frozen 46 89 517 -69 0 94 3 411 883 465 28 Russian Federation 77 071339 Beans dried, shelled, whether or not skinned or split, nes 36 57 632 -29 0 56 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 081310 Apricots, dried 36 57 632 -34 -15 -51 0 42 -4 17 6 2,833 60 Germany 100 071230 Mushrooms and truffles dried but not further prepared 34 2 17000 0 59 -5 0 0 0 0 0 0 200190 Veg,fruit,nut&edible prts of plants nes, prep/presvd by vin/acetic acid 32 100 320 28 40 -52 0 85 10 155 183 847 -17 Hungary 35 080620 Grapes, dried 31 51 608 -53 -40 -98 0 57 -7 32 64 500 -25 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 100 200950 Tomato juice unfermented spirited, whether or not sugared or sweet 30 66 455 -49 -53 0 0 50 -8 350 726 482 33 Russian Federation 71 200940 Pineapple juice,unfermented¬ spiritd,whether or not sugard or sweet 27 47 574 0 73 0 719 842 854 52 China 60 070190 Potatoes, fresh or chilled nes 25 155 161 -39 -39 -14 0 86 -3 340 6,244 54 -25 Russian Federation 71 071390 Leguminous vegetables dried,shelled,whether or not skinnd or split,nes 18 38 474 100 0 54 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 200600 Fruit,nut,fruit-peel&pts of plant presvd by sugar (draind,glacé/cryst) 15 2 7500 0 64 0 17 29 586 1 0 0 200819 Nuts&seeds nes incl mx,o/w prep o presvd,sugard,sweeten d,spiritd o not 14 18 778 0 81 4 255 161 1,584 1 Russian Federation 54 200960 Grape juice (incl grape must) unferment & unspiritd,wthr/nt sug/sweet 13 21 619 0 61 -5 119 146 815 8 Russian Federation 51
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 9 B. Export opportunities for processed fruits and vegetables 1. Kazakhstan’s production of fruits and vegetables Kazakhstan produces various types of fruits and vegetables (see table 3). With an average annual production of 1,896,311 Mt and 314,336 Mt respectively, potatoes and tomatoes represent the largest crops within this category. Kazakhstan’s production of tomatoes expanded between 1992 and 2002, by 3.23%, while potato production declined by 1.52% during this period. With the exception of dry peas, which declined by 17.18%, the average annual production of watermelon, cabbages, gherkins, peas and onions increased reaching a volume of 307 Mt and 200 Mt. This misrepresents the real situation as potato production has increased steadily since 2000. Dry pea production has been increasing since 2000. Production of all crops declined from 1992 to 1995 but, with the exception of dried onions, all have experienced stable, and in some cases rapid, growth since. Table 3. Kazakhstan’s production of fruits and vegetables between 1992 and 2002 Source: FAO Statistical database on agricultural products, 2002 1992 1995 2000 2001 2002 Potatoes 2,569,700 1,720,800 1,692,600 2,184,800 2,268,800 1,896,311.82 -1.52 Tomatoes 400,000 308,000 387,030 447,200 448,855 314,336.36 3.23 Watermelons 288,400 162,300 421,600 519,200 628,803 307,894.82 12.98 Cabbages 212,000 170,000 262,670 303,500 321,793 214,942.36 5.36 Cucumbers and Gherkins 123,000 95,000 190,600 218,000 256,000 145,301.73 9.89 Peas, Dry 93,700 24,320 9,200 13,600 26,655 30,541.36 -17.18 Onions, Dry 80,000 70,000 302,000 348,900 309,922 200,717.09 18.88 Apples 77,000 36,600 144,600 132,400 110,453 70,204.82 10.35 Grapes 63,000 68,320 61,600 43,200 26,275 40,879.55 -5.02 Vegetables Fresh nes 58,000 54,600 152,100 167,800 187,700 99,609.09 14.24 Carrots 48,000 40,000 163,620 189,100 214,469 102,371.73 21.59 Plums 26,000 10,000 7,370 5,500 12,520 9,753.64 -7.40 Peaches and Nectarines 18,800 8,200 2,770 1,100 2,369 5,794.45 -21.84 Pears 18,000 15,500 10,240 9,400 9,572 10,346.55 -3.37 Beans, Dry 15,000 4,000 15,500 16,600 3,797 11,727.00 -4.93 Apricots 14,000 8,000 6,740 2,600 5,745 7,198.64 -11.32 Cherries 11,000 13,000 12,030 6,400 14,026 10,750.55 -0.71 Eggplants 8,000 14,000 21,500 24,500 28,000 15,818.18 13.10 Beans, Green 5,000 6,000 8,500 10,000 11,000 6,872.73 8.51 Strawberries 3,200 4,800 5,340 5,100 6,000 4,849.09 6.07 Broad Beans, Green 3,000 5,000 9,000 10,400 11,000 6,336.36 13.94 Applejuice Single Streng 2,800 2,100 490 560 700 1,915.45 -20.51 Leeks and Oth.Alliac.Veg 1,000 2,000 12,000 14,000 15,000 6,045.45 35.97 Groundnuts in Shell 900 1,600 340 400 162 872.91 -16.6 Quinces 300 300 2,500 800 1,800 818.18 22.86 Fruit Dried nes 200 600 240 320 320 401.82 -1.6 Peas, Green 100 150 130 100 200 129.36 3.29 Berries nes 0 0 0 200 200 36.36 … Dry Apricots 0 72 9 18 72 29.45 … Fruit Fresh nes 0 1,000 10,100 7,700 23,000 5,209.09 … Homogen.Cooked Fruit Pre 0 320 0 0 0 101.82 … Mushrooms 0 0 500 500 500 209.09 Onions+Shallots, Green 0 0 0 1,000 1,000 181.82 … Walnuts 0 1,000 1,000 1,000 800 709.09 … Products Annual mean (Mt) Growth (%) Production (Mt)
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)10 2. Kazakhstan’s exports of fruits and vegetables Kazakhstan mainly exports potatoes, tomatoes, watermelon and cabbages (see table 2). As confirmed by FAO statistics, it is also a producer of those product groups. This suggests that the country is not re-exporting, but has its own supply capacity. Kazakhstan’s export opportunities have been analysed hereunder for those currently processed fruit and vegetable product groups, classified in decreasing order of export value, namely: • Juice of fruit or vegetables, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter (excl. fermented or containing alcohol, mixtures, citrus fruit, pineapple, tomato, grape, incl. grape must and apple juice) (HS200980) • Dried, shelled kidney beans "phaseolus vulgaris", whether or not skinned or split (HS071333) • Apple juice, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter (excl. fermented or containing alcohol) (HS200970) • Fresh or dried walnuts, shelled and peeled (HS080232) • Orange juice, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter (excl. fermented or containing spirit and frozen) (HS200919) • Fruit and nuts, provisionally preserved, but unsuitable in that state for immediate consumption (excl. cherries and strawberries) (HS081290) • Vegetables and mixtures of vegetables provisionally preserved, but unsuitable in that state for immediate consumption (excl. onions, olives, capers, gherkins and gherkins) (HS071190) • Dried onions, whole, cut, sliced, broken or in powder, but not further prepared (HS071220) • Gherkins and gherkins, prepared or preserved by vinegar or acetic acid (HS200110) • Vegetables and mixtures of vegetables, prepared or preserved otherwise than by vinegar or acetic acid (excl. frozen, homogenized vegetables of subheading 2005 10, and tomatoes, mushrooms, truffles, potatoes, sauerkraut, peas "pisum sativum", beans "vigna spp., phaseolus spp." asparagus, olives and sweet corn "zea mays var. saccharata") (HS200590) • Dried, shelled beans "vigna and phaseolus", whether or not skinned or split (excl. beans of species "vigna mungo (l.) hepper or vigna radiata (l.) wilczek", adzuki beans and kidney beans) (HS071339) • Dried apricots (HS081310) • Dried mushrooms and truffles, whole, cut, sliced, broken or in powder, but not further prepared (HS071230) • Vegetables, fruit, nuts and other edible parts of plants, prepared or preserved by vinegar or acetic acid (excl. gherkins, gherkins and onions) (HS200190) Fruit and vegetable juice (HS200980) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 89th in the world, Kazakhstan’s exports of fruit and vegetable juice reached 316 tons in 2002, worth US$ 184,000. Exports of fruit and vegetable juice decreased by 8% on average per year in value but increased by 8% on average per year in quantity between 1998 and 2002. World imports increased by 4% on average per year in value during this period.
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 11 In 2002, Kazakhstan exported fruit and vegetable juice to Kyrgyzstan (see table 4). Table 4. Kazakhstan’s exports of fruit and vegetable juice (HS200980) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan accounts for 85% of Kyrgyzstan’s total imports of fruit and vegetable juice. Kazakhstan’s unit value for fruit and vegetable juice in Kyrgyzstan, of US$ 589 per ton, is higher than Uzbekistan’s (at US$ 432), also supplying the country. Potential new markets Kyrgyzstan ranks 124th in world imports of fruit and vegetable juice. The world’s largest importers are the United States, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France and Canada. With the exception of the UK, these are all large and growing import markets. The Dominican Republic, Korea, Venezuela and Ireland have the fastest growing import markets for fruit and vegetable juice. Table 5. The world’s main importers of fruit and vegetable juice (HS200980) in 2002 Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 184 100 316 582 -8 8 -27 4 Kyrgyzstan 176 96 299 589 124 0 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Quantity unit Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 869,442 0 No quantity 4 14 4 100 United States of America 107,677 228,957 Cubic meters 470 4 12 12 Germany 107,111 71,855 Tons 1,491 2 13 10 12 Japan 67,044 29,060 Tons 2,307 5 14 -19 7 Netherlands 52,033 26,305 Tons 1,978 1 9 1 5 United Kingdom 41,396 32,330 Tons 1,280 -2 24 17 4 France 38,765 31,408 Tons 1,234 3 18 19 4 Canada 34,516 28,435 Tons 1,214 4 8 1 3 Saudi Arabia 28,897 42,382 Tons 682 17 23 -3 3 Italy 23,620 15,334 Tons 1,540 7 10 26 2 Austria 22,911 14,552 Tons 1,574 4 14 -14 2 West Asia not elsewhere specified 21,375 34,615 Tons 618 2 Belgium 17,079 14,047 Tons 1,216 3 22 1 1 Russian Federation 16,160 36,605 Tons 441 1 19 -13 1 Korea, Rep. of Korea 15,830 4,719 Tons 3,355 50 41 -27 1 Denmark 15,495 10,699 Tons 1,448 18 38 8 1 Singapore 14,302 15,938 Tons 897 12 4 -2 1 Portugal 11,981 12,455 Tons 962 10 9 26 1 Qatar 11,594 11,755 Tons 986 21 1 Switzerland 11,462 4,256 Tons 2,693 0 3 17 1 Spain 10,426 13,878 Tons 751 -6 -7 64 1 Sweden 10,418 7,508 Tons 1,388 2 20 3 1 Australia 9,819 4,840 Cubic meters 2,029 13 16 1 Guatemala 7,732 12,853 Tons 602 1 6 8 0 Ireland 7,622 5,130 Tons 1,486 20 29 104 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)12 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Quantity unit Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% Hong Kong (SARC) 7,402 5,621 Tons 1,317 15 15 -9 0 Israel 6,660 0 No quantity 19 34 0 Albania 6,360 22,440 Tons 283 20 37 48 0 Bahamas 6,135 0 No quantity -6 24 0 Honduras 5,939 8,206 Tons 724 12 21 -11 0 Greece 5,752 3,855 Tons 1,492 -8 5 9 0 Taiwan, Province of (China) 4,982 0 Tons 11 4 5 0 Dominican Republic 4,743 0 Tons 69 0 131 0 Finland 4,217 2,599 Tons 1,623 5 12 4 0 El Salvador 4,166 5,994 Tons 695 11 18 -3 0 Venezuela 4,089 5,136 Tons 796 49 79 -35 0 Costa Rica 4,083 4,279 Tons 954 12 4 37 0 Mexico 4,061 30,222 Tons 134 11 95 -25 0 Oman 4,037 4,568 Tons 884 734 0 Norway 3,903 996 Tons 3,919 1 6 30 0 Source: ITC TradeMap Dried shelled kidney beans (HS071333) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 57th in the world, Kazakhstan’s exports of dried shelled kidney beans reached 385 tons in 2002, worth US$ 160,000. Exports of dried shelled kidney beans decreased by 18% on average per year in value but increased by 2% on average per year in quantity between 1998 and 2002. World imports decreased by 4% on average per year in value during this period. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported dried shelled kidney beans to Turkey and the Russian Federation (see table 6). Table 6. Kazakhstan’s exports of dried shelled kidney beans (HS071333) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 10th in the Turkish market, accounting for 1% of the country’s total imports of dried kidney beans after China, Kyrgyzstan, Iran, Argentina, Egypt, Canada, the Netherlands, the Ukraine and Moldova. Kazakhstan’s unit value for dried kidney beans in Turkey, of US$ 419 per ton, is the lowest amongst all the above-mentioned suppliers to the Turkish market. Kazakhstan ranks 8th in the Russian market for dried kidney beans after Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, the United States, the Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, the Netherlands and Germany. Kazakhstan’s exports in Russia decreased by 18% in value on average per year between 1998 and 2002, while Russian imports of this product increased by 32% on average per year in value during this period. Kazakhstan’s unit value for dried kidney beans in Russia, of US$ 455 per ton, is higher than that of the Ukraine, Uzbekistan, the Netherlands, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan and lower than that of the United States and Germany. Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 163 100 385 423 -18 2 65 -4 Turkey 143 88 341 419 107 12 2 4 Russian Federation 20 12 44 455 -18 2 -33 41 0 32
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 13 Potential new markets Turkey and the Russian Federation rank 12th and 41st in world imports of dried kidney beans. The world’s largest importers are Mexico, Italy, the United Kingdom, Spain, the Netherlands, Venezuela and Cuba. Markets have been fluctuating in the largest importing countries, however smaller volume markets in Cuba, the United States, Egypt and India have shown strong growth. Table 7. The world’s main importers of dried shelled kidney beans (HS071333) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Apple juice (HS200970) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 67th in the world market, Kazakhstan’s exports of apple juice reached 184 tons in 2002, worth US$ 108,000. Exports of apple juice decreased by 14% on average per year in value and by 17% on average per year in quantity between 1998 and 2002. World imports increased by 1% on average per year in value during this period. Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 711,439 1,387,126 513 -4 3 10 100 Mexico 65,358 108,218 604 -15 -12 14 9 Italy 55,104 83,261 662 0 4 -2 7 United Kingdom 51,887 97,329 533 -7 -3 2 7 Spain 36,858 51,398 717 1 3 12 5 Netherlands 34,269 88,825 386 6 10 53 4 Venezuela 31,699 60,298 526 -8 0 -2 4 Cuba 31,512 98,584 320 42 65 26 4 France 28,004 34,736 806 -11 -9 21 3 United States of America 25,790 43,102 598 49 57 98 3 Brazil 23,309 81,738 285 -26 -12 -55 3 Portugal 20,940 35,546 589 -1 3 20 2 Turkey 19,525 37,866 516 4 10 16 2 Algeria 17,171 39,461 435 12 28 149 2 Costa Rica 16,003 28,048 571 -5 3 22 2 Egypt 15,161 34,121 444 33 39 45 2 Greece 13,743 16,477 834 2 3 143 1 Canada 13,472 19,367 696 12 11 59 1 Pakistan 13,013 42,321 307 10 15 33 1 Colombia 12,770 18,786 680 -10 -17 -21 1 India 12,637 31,415 402 23 24 66 1 Japan 12,361 17,343 713 4 6 -18 1 South Africa 12,000 34,916 344 190 1 Belgium 11,991 22,646 529 13 25 21 1 Angola 11,602 28,254 411 23 30 227 1 Iraq 10,152 20,483 496 11 12 -2 1 Germany 8,448 12,262 689 -11 -6 0 1 Bulgaria 6,765 17,808 380 -12 -5 69 0 Free Zones 6,644 9,647 689 -1 -1 -71 0 Yemen 5,461 14,704 371 10 15 32 0 New Zealand 4,794 6,922 693 26 26 57 0 Hungary 4,342 5,369 809 52 92 61 0 Korea, Rep. of Korea 4,237 15,599 272 6 16 21 0 Zimbabwe 4,099 0 2242 0 Israel 4,032 0 2 -14 0 Guatemala 3,792 7,116 533 33 35 97 0 Yugoslavia 3,117 4,857 642 0 -2 -10 0 Lebanon 2,675 4,288 624 7 13 8 0 Slovakia 2,551 5,611 455 44 55 6 0 Switzerland 2,431 2,139 1,137 -6 -2 29 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)14 In 2002, Kazakhstan exported apple juice to Kyrgyzstan and the Russian Federation (see table 8). Table 8. Kazakhstan’s exports of apple juice (HS200970) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan’s exports of apple juice to Kyrgyzstan make up to 29% of the country’s total imports, while Kazakhstan’s unit value for apple juice in Kyrgyzstan, of US$ 590 per ton, is the highest amongst the countries’ suppliers. Kazakhstan’s exports to the Russian Federation are marginal (US$10,000, representing 18 tons of fruits). This market declined in Russia, decreasing by 1% on average per year in value between 1998 and 2002. Potential new markets Kyrgyzstan and the Russian Federation rank 76th and 12th respectively in world imports of apple juice. The world’s largest importers are Germany, the United States, Japan, Austria, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Canada and Denmark. With the exception of the United Kingdom and Japan these are growing markets. Belarus, Mexico, Israel and New Zealand are the fastest growing markets. The highest unit value paid, after Japan, is in Saudi Arabia. Table 9. The world’s main importers of apple juice (HS200970) in 2002 Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 108 100 184 587 -14 -17 67 1 Kyrgyzstan 98 91 166 590 76 0 Russian Federation 10 9 18 556 -14 -17 67 12 1 -1 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Quantity unit Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 999,045 0 No quantity 1 11 -4 100 Germany 256,475 449,415 Tons 571 1 11 7 25 United States of America 244,602 1,356,149 Cubic meters 180 3 -5 24 Japan 75,888 77,584 Tons 978 -1 6 -28 7 Austria 47,705 109,495 Tons 436 1 16 -21 4
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 15 Source: ITC TradeMap Fresh or dried walnuts (HS080232) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 44th in the world, Kazakhstan’s exports of fresh or dried walnuts reached 43 tons in 2002, worth US$ 82, 000. World imports increased by 7% on average per year in value between 1998 and 2002. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported fresh or dried walnuts to France and Turkey (see table 10). Table 10. Kazakhstan’s exports of fresh or dried walnuts (HS080232) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 82 100 43 1,907 34 7 France 39 48 18 2,167 3 6 7 Turkey 39 48 23 1,696 129 12 2 70 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Quantity unit Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% Netherlands 44,105 80,551 Tons 548 0 9 2 4 United Kingdom 44,070 65,857 Tons 669 -7 6 -21 4 Canada 26,469 31,459 Tons 841 4 8 10 2 Denmark 22,389 39,278 Tons 570 10 16 55 2 Belgium 20,554 37,471 Tons 549 -5 1 0 2 France 20,519 43,018 Tons 477 -6 1 -13 2 Italy 19,913 35,901 Tons 555 -6 0 -29 1 Russian Federation 17,398 34,834 Tons 499 -1 4 7 1 Australia 13,949 19,424 Cubic meters 718 3 -5 1 Sweden 12,905 16,148 Tons 799 -2 9 12 1 Belarus 11,558 14,515 Tons 796 43 46 98 1 Greece 8,767 10,606 Tons 827 5 19 15 0 Finland 8,710 9,429 Tons 924 5 11 -8 0 Spain 6,817 12,141 Tons 561 -3 5 3 0 Ireland 5,718 7,265 Tons 787 10 30 -4 0 Norway 5,412 6,243 Tons 867 13 19 24 0 Mexico 5,263 71,120 Tons 74 35 148 -29 0 El Salvador 3,987 6,979 Tons 571 16 29 12 0 Czech Republic 3,858 6,455 Tons 598 18 12 32 0 Saudi Arabia 3,496 3,746 Tons 933 2 8 -5 0 Hong Kong (SARC) 2,920 3,432 Tons 851 -1 6 -35 0 Israel 2,673 0 No quantity 32 3 0 Guatemala 2,643 4,756 Tons 556 2 7 -32 0 Taiwan, Province of (China) 2,468 0 No quantity -1 19 -12 0 Honduras 2,384 4,410 Tons 541 17 32 -7 0 Panama 2,373 3,265 Tons 727 17 19 102 0 New Zealand 2,283 2,845 Cubic meters 802 30 66 0 Singapore 2,167 3,071 Tons 706 2 7 -12 0 Portugal 2,090 4,840 Tons 432 7 29 3 0 Croatia 1,969 2,612 Tons 754 4 12 1 0 Malaysia 1,887 2,429 Tons 777 25 31 18 0 South Africa 1,868 3,190 Tons 586 68 0 Nicaragua 1,852 3,546 Tons 522 7 6 -13 0 United Arab Emirates 1,802 0 No quantity 19 23 41 0 Luxembourg 1,794 2,139 Tons 839 3 0 21 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)16 Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 20th in the French market. Kazakhstan’s unit value for dried walnuts in France, of US$ 2,167 per ton, is higher than that of Greece and Kyrgyzstan but lower than the majority of its main competitors (Belgium, Poland, Bulgaria, India, Romania, Moldova, Slovakia and China) and lower than the average price of France’s imports at US$ 2,979 per ton. Kazakhstan ranks 10th in the Turkish market. Kazakhstan’s unit value for dried walnuts in Turkey, of US$ 1,696 per ton, is lower than Tajikistan’s (US$ 1,727) and higher than the average price of all suppliers to the Turkish market (the Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Romania, Afghanistan, Moldova, Pakistan, Bulgaria, Iran and China). Potential new markets France and Turkey are rank 3rd and 12th respectively in world imports of dried walnuts. Other large importers are Japan, Germany, Greece, Spain and Canada. All of these markets are growing, with Greece and Spain showing rapid growth. The Russian Federation, Turkey, Korea and Belgium have the fastest growing import markets for dried walnuts. Table 11. The world’s main importers of dried walnuts (HS080232) in 2002 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 282,642 81,200 3,481 7 9 7 100 Japan 45,815 9,935 4,611 3 3 6 16 Germany 29,476 7,197 4,096 3 7 11 10 France 19,166 6,434 2,979 7 7 6 6 Greece 16,732 5,522 3,030 31 29 51 5 Spain 15,560 3,867 4,024 19 17 -4 5 Canada 14,632 4,655 3,143 7 6 -17 5 United Kingdom 10,663 2,859 3,730 3 1 -8 3 Belgium 10,657 2,417 4,409 46 45 222 3 Israel 9,924 0 6 -24 3 Australia 8,895 2,435 3,653 9 6 3 3 Switzerland 8,386 1,474 5,689 2 4 12 2 Turkey 8,283 5,279 1,569 70 68 1078 2 Italy 7,434 1,745 4,260 12 13 -5 2 Austria 6,723 2,276 2,954 1 0 46 2 Korea, Rep. of Korea 5,752 1,362 4,223 58 60 27 2 Netherlands 5,219 1,428 3,655 -13 -9 -5 1 Brazil 4,539 899 5,049 -9 -3 -28 1 Mexico 4,241 2,682 1,581 16 29 -6 1 Slovenia 3,236 1,064 3,041 -4 -5 23 1 Taiwan, Province of (China) 3,024 808 3,743 9 1 19 1 Portugal 2,706 623 4,343 2 7 -13 0 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,501 1,355 1,846 11 14 111 0 Egypt 2,403 595 4,039 12 9 -6 0 Hungary 2,219 872 2,545 11 11 26 0 Croatia 2,128 1,105 1,926 10 0 91 0 Syrian Arab Republic 2,032 1,500 1,355 0 Lebanon 1,960 598 3,278 -18 -23 21 0 Denmark 1,749 429 4,077 -5 -3 -11 0 Jordan 1,731 851 2,034 -1 2 16 0 Russian Federation 1,723 1,030 1,673 96 84 -37 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 17 Source: ITC TradeMap Orange juice (HS200919) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 67th in the world, Kazakhstan’s exports of orange juice reached 131 tons in 2002, worth US$ 77,000. World imports of this product increased by 15% on average per year in value between 1998 and 2002. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported orange juice to Kyrgyzstan (see table 12). Kazakhstan does not grow oranges; it imports orange juice from the Russian Federation. Table 12. Kazakhstan’s exports of orange juice (HS200919) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation are the only suppliers of orange juice in Kyrgyzstan. Kazakh produce accounts for 22% of Kyrgyzstan total imports of orange juice. Its unit value in Kyrgyzstan, of US$ 598 per ton, is higher than that of the Russian Federation, of US$ 477 per ton. Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 77 100 131 588 -33 15 Kyrgyzstan 73 95 122 598 89 0 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% Hong Kong (SARC) 1,715 470 3,649 -17 -18 7 0 Moldova, Rep.of 1,615 647 2,496 55 0 Czech Republic 1,466 532 2,756 0 -1 73 0 Norway 1,334 205 6,507 3 0 6 0 United Arab Emirates 1,249 379 3,296 0 -11 -5 0 New Zealand 1,223 342 3,576 6 3 37 0 Yugoslavia 1,119 490 2,284 256 0 Singapore 1,044 276 3,783 10 12 4 0 Sweden 1,023 289 3,540 -7 -5 5 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)18 Table 13. The world’s main importers of orange juice (HS200919) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Preserved fruits and nuts (HS081290) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 39th in the world, Kazakhstan’s exports of preserved fruits and nuts reached 317 tons in 2002, worth US$ 67,000. World imports decreased by 10% on average per year in value between 1998 and 2002. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported preserved fruits and nuts only to the Russian Federation (see table 14). Table 14. Kazakhstan’s exports of preserved fruits and nuts (HS081290) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 67 100 317 211 34 -10 Russian Federation 67 100 317 211 34 18 0 -5 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Quantity unit Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 1,634,164 0 No quantity 15 18 42 100 Netherlands 357,563 197,858 Tons 1,807 70 33 275 21 Belgium 225,701 346,743 Tons 651 45 42 1 13 France 212,403 356,528 Tons 596 4 7 24 12 United Kingdom 147,190 237,032 Tons 621 11 16 18 9 Germany 136,351 216,386 Tons 630 32 45 97 8 Canada 120,486 176,358 Tons 683 0 7 7 Japan 53,786 43,266 Tons 1,243 7 14 13 3 Spain 38,144 55,992 Tons 681 15 5 19 2 Switzerland 33,830 30,958 Tons 1,093 1 6 34 2 Saudi Arabia 31,578 21,742 Tons 1,452 -3 2 9 1 Sweden 22,704 29,373 Tons 773 1 4 21 1 United States of America 22,627 50,849 Cubic meters 445 29 66 1 Denmark 20,797 32,668 Tons 637 11 7 159 1 Ireland 18,925 23,092 Tons 820 4 22 -15 1 Italy 15,997 22,877 Tons 699 -1 9 9 0 Finland 15,310 13,150 Tons 1,164 -1 3 24 0 Austria 13,477 22,114 Tons 609 6 36 73 0 Portugal 7,938 10,385 Tons 764 4 7 34 0 Russian Federation 7,307 9,470 Tons 772 3 -2 14 0 Greece 6,323 11,672 Tons 542 7 6 35 0 Poland 6,033 6,093 Tons 990 13 8 46 0 Czech Republic 5,931 8,826 Tons 672 -15 -16 30 0 Hungary 5,404 5,397 Tons 1,001 -11 -5 76 0 Luxembourg 5,011 5,362 Tons 935 -2 3 -7 0 Belarus 4,699 6,562 Tons 716 42 55 159 0 Mexico 4,665 47,900 Tons 97 4 108 -24 0 Hong Kong (SARC) 3,919 5,822 Tons 673 -5 -1 -6 0 Ukraine 3,797 411 Tons 9,238 166 0 New Zealand 3,697 5,542 Cubic meters 667 44 73 0 Croatia 3,633 3,437 Tons 1,057 -17 -12 10 0 Singapore 3,631 5,942 Tons 611 -3 4 -14 0 West Asia not elsewhere specified 3,389 4,562 Tons 743 0 Slovakia 3,329 5,763 Tons 578 -24 -19 107 0 Guatemala 3,128 2,486 Tons 1,258 4 14 21 0 Honduras 3,089 2,595 Tons 1,190 29 40 67 0 Oman 2,736 2,764 Tons 990 126 0 Qatar 2,556 3,509 Tons 728 23 0 Romania 2,087 2,657 Tons 785 21 17 92 0 Philippines 2,002 2,981 Tons 672 -2 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 19 Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 2nd in the Russian market, accounting for 8% of the country’s total imports of these products, after the Ukraine, which represents remaining 90%. Kazakhstan’s unit value of preserved fruits and nuts in Russia, of US$ 211 per ton, compared with US$ 228 per ton for the Ukraine. Potential new markets The Russian Federation ranks 18th in world imports of preserved fruits and nuts. The world’s largest importers are Japan and the United Kingdom and both their imports markets are declining. However, smaller importers, Yemen, Portugal, Germany, Kuwait and Austria are showing strong growth. Table 15. The world’s main importers of preserved fruits and nuts (HS081290) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 119,365 139,691 854 -10 5 -2 100 Japan 53,289 44,823 1,189 -17 0 -20 44 United Kingdom 16,614 18,216 912 -1 -1 5 13 United Arab Emirates 5,842 8,936 654 -6 -3 35 4 Yemen 5,402 14,001 386 58 69 43 4 Canada 3,839 3,662 1,048 -4 -1 34 3 Portugal 3,811 2,868 1,329 7 10 48 3 Germany 3,444 3,750 918 2 2 15 2 Kuwait 3,401 5,502 618 5 11 3 2 Austria 2,064 2,470 836 11 2 -3 1 United States of America 2,020 1,303 1,550 -11 -19 -25 1 Spain 1,781 2,668 668 42 85 31 1 Lebanon 1,616 2,976 543 14 21 48 1 France 1,596 1,905 838 36 53 124 1 Italy 1,458 1,488 980 16 34 -9 1 Singapore 928 463 2,004 22 19 230 0 Mexico 901 875 1,030 127 128 44950 0 Nepal 898 1,465 613 71 87 64 0 Russian Federation 803 3,519 228 -5 26 61 0 Moldova, Rep.of 784 4,273 183 0 Belgium 614 568 1,081 -33 -33 29 0 Ireland 566 557 1,016 9 14 17 0 Egypt 540 931 580 41 65 148 0 Netherlands 489 401 1,219 -15 -18 -55 0 Bangladesh 488 842 580 -1 6 154 0 Denmark 464 347 1,337 10 6 5 0 China 455 627 726 113 67 -9 0 Australia 431 355 1,214 -40 122 0 Norway 385 424 908 2 6 22 0 Hong Kong (SARC) 384 655 586 -8 3 252 0 Bahrain 325 491 662 9 11 127 0 Switzerland 263 236 1,114 -5 -3 92 0 Slovakia 262 842 311 25 67 134 0 South Africa 210 178 1,180 -1 0 Swaziland 210 11 19,091 1213 0 Romania 185 330 561 39 83 9150 0 Oman 180 195 923 1700 0 Saudi Arabia 176 253 696 45 34 -39 0 Taiwan, Province of (China) 173 211 820 5 -4 319 0 Croatia 165 368 448 -43 -21 -35 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)20 Provisionally preserved vegetables (HS071190) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 51st in the world, Kazakhstan’s exports of provisionally preserved vegetables reached 20 tons in 2002, worth US$ 66,000. World imports declined by 3% on average per year in value between 1998 and 2002. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported provisionally prepared vegetables to Germany (see table16). Table 16. Kazakhstan’s exports of provisionally prepared vegetables (HS071190) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 22nd in the German market where the unit value of, US$ 3,300 per ton, is one of the highest amongst suppliers to Germany. Potential new markets Germany ranks 3rd in world imports of provisionally prepared vegetables. Other large importers are Japan, Italy, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. Table 17. The world’s main importers of vegetables (HS071190) in 2002 Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 66 100 20 3,300 144 -3 Germany 66 100 20 3,300 144 3 8 -8 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 252,649 292,177 865 -3 0 1 100 Japan 102,143 131,713 775 -6 -3 -7 40 Italy 37,022 19,411 1,907 4 6 -3 14 Germany 21,798 19,566 1,114 -8 -2 10 8 United Kingdom 11,001 14,230 773 42 29 123 4 Netherlands 10,379 8,783 1,182 4 -1 -1 4 United States of America 8,599 9,825 875 -4 -5 -12 3 France 7,230 6,231 1,160 -2 7 -6 2 Spain 6,036 8,305 727 11 21 -35 2 Taiwan, Province of (China) 5,269 9,446 558 12 18 33 2 Korea, Rep. of Korea 4,786 10,493 456 1 10 -1 1 Switzerland 3,730 2,226 1,676 -3 -2 -2 1 Ireland 3,632 3,879 936 38 49 10 1 Thailand 2,808 2,639 1,064 5 7 114 1 Belgium 2,414 3,369 717 16 46 77 0 Singapore 2,373 4,697 505 -9 -8 -3 0 Malaysia 2,293 6,016 381 -12 -5 -19 0 Australia 1,416 1,839 770 22 31 402 0 Canada 1,334 2,103 634 -20 -12 11 0 El Salvador 1,232 4,333 284 154 310 6744 0 China 1,172 1,704 688 38 36 55 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 21 Source: ITC TradeMap Dried onions (HS071220) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 53rd in the world, Kazakhstan exported 45 tons of dried onions to Germany in 2002, worth US$ 60,000. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported dried onions only to Germany (see table 18). Table 18. Kazakhstan’s exports of dried onions (HS071220) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 18th in the German market. Its unit value for dried onions in Germany, of US$ 2,167 per ton, is higher than the average price of Germany’s imports of this product (US$ 1,921). Potential new markets Germany is the world’s largest importer of dried onions. Other significant importers are the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Japan and Canada. With the exception of Germany and Canada, all have declining markets. However, among smaller importers Indonesia, the United States, Malaysia, Thailand, the Côté d’Ivoire, Chile and China have shown strong import growth. Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 60 100 45 1,333 329 0 Germany 52 87 24 2,167 373 1 21 1 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% Austria 995 527 1,888 -6 -5 105 0 Brazil 905 1,220 742 -18 2 44 0 Denmark 847 981 863 9 21 55 0 Mexico 833 1,263 660 3 14 62 0 Poland 802 1,075 746 6 23 11 0 Lithuania 752 555 1,355 -11 -10 -38 0 Czech Republic 744 1,625 458 -29 -16 3 0 Finland 721 575 1,254 13 14 4 0 Portugal 650 942 690 58 86 110 0 Greece 558 707 789 13 22 89 0 Sweden 510 331 1,541 -19 -6 84 0 Belarus 465 626 743 65 69 -68 0 Bulgaria 391 501 780 71 87 96 0 Syrian Arab Republic 354 366 967 0 Guatemala 350 215 1,628 6 -3 -23 0 Romania 345 774 446 41 36 311 0 New Zealand 337 798 422 123 220 108 0 Maldives 334 443 754 -5 -8 -19 0 Slovenia 322 476 676 -23 -12 22 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)22 Table 19. The world’s main importers of dried onions (HS071220) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Gherkins, prepared or preserved (HS200110) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 22nd in the world, Kazakhstan exported 199 tons of gherkins to the Russian Federation in 2002, worth US$ 50, 000. Exports of gherkins increased by 1% on average per year in value and by 17% on average per year in quantity between 1998 and 2002. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported gherkins only to the Russian Federation (see table 20). Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 184,647 132,903 1,389 0 8 10 100 Germany 39,089 20,347 1,921 1 7 16 21 United Kingdom 18,350 9,429 1,946 -5 -1 -6 9 Netherlands 14,147 8,659 1,634 -2 3 13 7 Japan 13,766 5,023 2,741 -3 -2 -1 7 Canada 12,616 5,835 2,162 1 0 1 6 Australia 5,910 2,815 2,099 3 4 8 3 France 4,848 3,133 1,547 2 17 33 2 Brazil 4,366 2,119 2,060 -1 4 -2 2 Belgium 4,164 3,915 1,064 4 5 6 2 Poland 3,910 2,516 1,554 1 5 54 2 Sweden 3,902 1,527 2,555 -6 -5 -4 2 Indonesia 3,634 1,836 1,979 23 9 -14 1 Denmark 3,164 1,449 2,184 13 12 53 1 Switzerland 3,032 1,199 2,529 -2 1 0 1 Austria 2,735 1,155 2,368 3 6 16 1 United States of America 2,635 2,155 1,223 24 62 108 1 Malaysia 2,631 9,378 281 30 58 48 1 Ireland 2,292 1,126 2,036 5 12 -10 1 Italy 2,198 1,603 1,371 -8 -2 18 1 Philippines 2,139 1,275 1,678 6 1 Israel 1,896 0 0 -6 1 New Zealand 1,881 774 2,430 10 5 7 1 Finland 1,860 815 2,282 -4 0 -4 1 Russian Federation 1,811 3,608 502 -12 19 40 0 Spain 1,698 1,481 1,147 -6 3 44 0 Norway 1,670 617 2,707 1 1 14 0 Mexico 1,508 18,131 83 19 151 27 0 Czech Republic 1,431 630 2,271 -2 1 14 0 Croatia 1,427 883 1,616 -16 -5 39 0 Singapore 1,325 685 1,934 5 -12 3 0 Colombia 1,184 661 1,791 0 13 15 0 Thailand 993 362 2,743 53 36 82 0 Côte d'Ivoire 985 366 2,691 33 32 -9 0 Korea, Rep. of Korea 981 854 1,149 0 6 123 0 Chile 951 0 26 50 0 South Africa 902 591 1,526 -10 0 China 878 576 1,524 21 48 105 0 Greece 862 2,223 388 8 58 22 0 Taiwan, Province of (China) 701 366 1,915 91 103 0 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 23 Table 20. Kazakhstan’s exports of gherkins (HS200110) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 17th in the Russian market. Exports of gherkins to Russia increased by 1% on average per year in value and by 17% on average per year in quantity between 1998 and 2002. Russian imports of gherkins increased in value by 11% on average per year during this period Potential new markets The Russian Federation ranks 4th in world imports of gherkins. The world’s largest importers are Germany, France, and the United States. With the exception of France, these are all growing import markets. The highest unit values are paid in Ireland and Luxembourg, both countries have shown strong growth in the gherkin import market. Table 21. The world’s main importers of gherkins (HS200110) in 2002 Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 50 100 199 251 1 17 127 0 Russian Federation 50 100 199 251 1 17 127 4 9 11 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 234,341 373,394 628 0 8 8 100 Germany 36,500 48,140 758 3 6 28 15 France 34,867 33,918 1,028 -7 -1 3 14 United States of America 24,301 25,172 965 5 0 -3 10 Russian Federation 23,049 76,103 303 11 17 34 9 Netherlands 10,712 12,427 862 -20 -14 -19 4 United Kingdom 9,804 11,936 821 -8 -4 -6 4 Ireland 9,309 6,335 1,469 117 133 62 3 Belgium 8,526 11,744 726 -8 -9 -1 3 Korea, Rep. of Korea 5,990 6,204 966 10 15 -7 2 Canada 5,444 6,851 795 -11 -11 -17 2 Spain 5,235 6,537 801 3 6 12 2 Japan 5,207 4,845 1,075 4 4 -11 2 Austria 4,489 6,360 706 0 -14 8 1 Denmark 4,378 6,290 696 -1 10 -2 1 Switzerland 3,774 3,129 1,206 9 12 21 1 Sweden 3,690 4,104 899 6 7 17 1 Australia 3,001 3,859 778 -5 3 50 1 Italy 2,850 3,597 792 -3 7 39 1 Croatia 2,676 3,295 812 18 31 78 1 Kuwait 2,465 4,458 553 6 12 27 1 Mexico 1,909 52,718 36 12 148 21 0 Latvia 1,727 3,691 468 37 32 16 0 Estonia 1,658 2,753 602 23 35 17 0 United Arab Emirates 1,533 2,588 592 18 10 15 0 Finland 1,498 1,372 1,092 34 42 39 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)24 Source: ITC TradeMap ‘Mixed vegetables not frozen’ (HS200590) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 94th in the world, Kazakhstan exported 89 tons of ‘mixed vegetables not frozen’ to the Russian Federation in 2002, worth US$ 46, 000. World imports increased by 3% on average per year in value between 1998 and 2002. In 2002 Kazakhstan exported ‘mixed vegetables not frozen’ to the Russian Federation (see table 22). Table 22. Kazakhstan’s exports of ‘mixed vegetables not frozen’ (HS200590) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 14th in the Russian market, accounting for 1% of the country’s total imports of these products. Kazakhstan’s unit value for ‘mixed vegetables not frozen’ in Russia, of US$ 517 per ton, is higher than the average price of all suppliers to the Russian market (Italy, Spain, Uzbekistan and Yugoslavia). Potential new markets The Russian Federation ranks 22nd in world imports of ‘mixed vegetables not frozen’. The world’s largest importers are Japan, The United States, Germany, the United Kingdom, France, Canada, Belgium and the Netherlands. With the exception of Germany, these are large and growing import markets. The Bahamas, Spain, Taiwan and the United Arab Emirates have shown the strongest growth in imports. The highest average value per unit was paid by Switzerland. Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 46 100 89 517 -69 3 Russian Federation 46 100 89 517 -69 22 0 -15 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% Czech Republic 1,439 3,274 440 33 36 6 0 Israel 1,417 0 43 42 0 New Zealand 1,179 1,296 910 -7 -13 5 0 Saudi Arabia 1,079 1,944 555 31 31 -16 0 Hong Kong (SARC) 907 790 1,148 26 29 16 0 Belarus 905 1,857 487 9 29 -13 0 Greece 891 864 1,031 9 9 23 0 Lithuania 885 1,474 600 -1 -2 -35 0 Luxembourg 808 437 1,849 7 6 3 0 Slovenia 747 1,082 690 13 14 8 0 Poland 722 945 764 8 6 -25 0 Slovakia 650 1,258 517 1 4 -43 0 Romania 545 980 556 -18 -27 -11 0 Portugal 539 579 931 7 16 18 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 25 Table 23. The world’s main importers of ‘mixed vegetables not frozen’ (HS200590) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Dried, shelled beans (HS071339) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 56th in the world, Kazakhstan exported 57 tons of dried beans in 2002, worth US$ 36,000. World imports increased by 8% on average per year in value between 1998-2002. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported dried beans to Germany and Turkey (see table 24). Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 1,263,476 0 3 8 8 100 Japan 287,308 230,651 1,246 7 8 3 22 United States of America 204,074 188,383 1,083 1 6 7 16 Germany 144,191 185,156 779 -2 0 8 11 United Kingdom 83,497 68,608 1,217 5 24 24 6 France 72,008 65,600 1,098 6 4 27 5 Canada 62,705 70,499 889 5 6 -7 4 Belgium 55,626 48,583 1,145 4 -3 17 4 Netherlands 35,287 29,263 1,206 11 10 37 2 Spain 27,343 22,309 1,226 17 17 28 2 Italy 22,317 22,245 1,003 8 13 -2 1 Oman 18,223 30,283 602 62 1 Sweden 16,919 13,097 1,292 6 11 36 1 Hong Kong (SARC) 13,975 21,670 645 0 2 -9 1 Saudi Arabia 13,441 32,200 417 2 12 7 1 Australia 12,423 10,915 1,138 -3 3 9 0 Special categories 12,241 13,694 894 -26 -16 -16 0 Switzerland 11,142 4,775 2,333 4 6 25 0 Mexico 10,765 91,125 118 4 83 -7 0 Austria 10,042 8,969 1,120 12 16 5 0 Bahamas 9,728 7,955 1,223 60 53 71 0 Denmark 8,816 5,350 1,648 -2 1 0 0 Russian Federation 8,530 28,653 298 -15 -3 -4 0 Greece 5,847 5,855 999 13 20 20 0 Ireland 5,373 4,323 1,243 14 18 28 0 Portugal 4,636 4,794 967 12 0 11 0 Korea, Rep. of Korea 4,379 5,858 748 20 36 29 0 Luxembourg 4,360 2,544 1,714 2 0 13 0 Israel 3,813 0 2 0 0 Taiwan, Province of (China) 3,666 4,062 903 17 19 3 0 United Arab Emirates 3,657 6,787 539 16 21 19 0 Singapore 3,382 3,525 959 -5 -6 -12 0 New Zealand 3,193 2,348 1,360 2 -6 3 0 Czech Republic 3,184 5,884 541 6 2 58 0 Malaysia 2,665 7,165 372 0 3 2 0 Norway 2,507 1,943 1,290 1 3 -6 0 Qatar 2,436 2,837 859 13 0 Croatia 2,410 2,159 1,116 9 12 26 0 Area Nes 2,346 1,411 1,663 9 -1 -48 0 Finland 2,300 1,334 1,724 -11 -7 -7 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)26 Table 24. Kazakhstan’s exports of dried, shelled beans (HS071339) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 16th in the German market, accounting for 1% of the country’s total imports. Kazakhstan’s unit value for dried beans in Germany, of US$ 889 per ton, is higher than the average price amongst all the suppliers to the German market (Turkey, China, The United States, Spain, Peru, Thailand, Canada, Argentina, Chile and the Ukraine). Kazakhstan ranks 7th in the Turkish market, accounting for 1% of the country’s total imports after China, Iran, Canada, Argentina, Kyrgyzstan and Egypt. The unit value for dried beans in Turkey, of US$ 522 per ton, is higher than Iran but lower than the average price of all suppliers in the Turkish market (China, Canada, Kyrgyzstan, Argentina and Egypt). Potential new markets Germany and Turkey rank 26th and 25th respectively in world imports of dried beans. The world’s largest importers are the United States, India, Japan and Haiti. In India and the United States the markets are growing, however, in Japan and Haiti they are declining. The fastest growing market, by far, is in Ireland, followed by Guinea, Zambia and Columbia. Table 25. The world’s main importers of dried, shelled beans (HS071339) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 36 100 57 632 -29 8 Germany 16 44 18 889 26 0 6 Turkey 12 33 23 522 71 25 0 -5 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 282,642 588,442 480 8 11 16 100 United States of America 64,815 111,713 580 45 46 41 22 India 45,512 172,421 264 37 44 42 16 Japan 18,344 32,533 564 -7 -4 -6 6 Haiti 10,003 15,163 660 -2 -10 -15 3 Mozambique 9,279 15,782 588 -1 3 Canada 8,957 11,492 779 4 -4 25 3 Zimbabwe 8,484 0 16535 3 Algeria 8,381 17,701 473 22 26 -46 2 France 7,787 11,389 684 2 4 -5 2 Malaysia 7,626 19,393 393 6 6 -6 2 Italy 7,363 12,904 571 38 57 102 2 Dominican Republic 7,357 12,208 603 3 0 -15 2 United Kingdom 6,890 9,714 709 -2 0 11 2 Angola 6,728 14,630 460 45 50 11 2 Greece 3,844 4,411 871 19 19 93 1 Singapore 3,727 9,717 384 -28 -28 15 1 South Africa 3,113 8,139 382 111 1 Indonesia 3,110 11,115 280 10 4 72 1 Spain 2,970 4,382 678 -22 -20 -51 1 Zambia 2,778 703 3,952 76 32 8581 0 Colombia 2,666 4,221 632 72 103 4661 0 Sri Lanka 2,408 7,087 340 -10 0 Malawi 2,129 3,466 614 1175 0 Korea, Rep. of Korea 1,917 7,025 273 -7 -2 4 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 27 Dried apricots (HS081310) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 42nd in the world, Kazakhstan’s exports of dried apricots reached 57 tons in 2002, worth US$ 36, 000. Exports of dried apricots decreased by 34% on average per year in value and by 15% on average per year in quantity between 1998 and 2002. World imports decreased by 4% on average per year in value during this time In 2002, Kazakhstan exported dried apricots to China and the Russian Federation (see table 26). Table 26. Kazakhstan’s exports of dried apricots (HS081310) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 2nd in the Chinese market, accounting for 8% of the country’s total imports after Turkey. Kazakhstan’s unit value for dried apricots in China, of US$ 750 per ton, is the highest amongst all suppliers to China. Kazakhstan ranks 8th in the Russian market. Its export value decreased by 34% on average per year between 1998 and 2002. Russian imports of dried apricots increased by 13% on average per year during this period. Kazakhstan’s unit value for dried apricots in Russia, of US$ 545 per ton, is higher than the average price amongst all suppliers to the Russian market (Tajikistan, Iran and Turkey). Potential new markets China and the Russian Federation rank 46th and 5th in world imports of dried apricots. The world’s largest importers are the United States, the United Kingdom, France and Germany. The markets have been fluctuating in terms of import values, but in terms of quantity imports have increased. Strong growth, both in quality and quantity was shown in Slovakia, Finland, Greece and Mexico. After the Ukraine, average unit values are the highest in Switzerland. Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 36 100 57 632 -34 -15 -51 -4 China 18 50 24 750 46 0 276 Russian Federation 18 50 33 545 -34 -15 -51 5 5 13
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)28 Table 27. The world’s main importers of dried apricots (HS081310) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Dried mushrooms (HS071230) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 59th in the world, Kazakhstan’s exports of dried mushrooms reached 2 tons in 2002, worth US$ 34, 000. World imports declined by 5% on average per year in value between 1998 and 2002. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported dried mushrooms only to Germany (see table 28). Table 28. Kazakhstan’s exports of dried mushrooms (HS071230) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 34 100 2 17,000 -5 Germany 34 100 2 17,000 6 6 0 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 163,152 107,061 1,524 -4 14 21 100 United States of America 31,414 16,951 1,853 -6 5 45 19 United Kingdom 18,122 9,153 1,980 -8 4 18 11 France 15,870 7,134 2,225 -4 7 66 9 Germany 15,397 8,160 1,887 -5 6 44 9 Russian Federation 9,371 26,937 348 13 50 -41 5 Australia 8,818 5,677 1,553 -3 10 15 5 Netherlands 4,994 2,512 1,988 -13 -4 29 3 Switzerland 4,617 1,251 3,691 -6 -1 18 2 Canada 4,138 2,287 1,809 -6 4 6 2 Japan 3,759 1,037 3,625 -6 -1 -20 2 Spain 3,180 1,424 2,233 -6 5 52 1 New Zealand 3,101 1,546 2,006 -6 4 6 1 Poland 2,833 1,474 1,922 11 14 99 1 Italy 2,665 1,081 2,465 -11 -3 58 1 India 2,559 1,951 1,312 3 10 20 1 Belgium 2,327 1,163 2,001 -2 12 67 1 Denmark 2,105 932 2,259 -3 5 39 1 Greece 2,045 690 2,964 17 25 156 1 Brazil 1,813 761 2,382 -11 -1 37 1 Mexico 1,802 2,080 866 16 49 27 1 Egypt 1,712 917 1,867 -9 4 47 1 Czech Republic 1,643 1,079 1,523 5 26 70 1 Sweden 1,546 755 2,048 -9 2 18 0 Israel 1,404 0 -17 -44 0 Slovakia 1,068 414 2,580 34 38 154 0 Ukraine 1,065 249 4,277 -21 0 Turkey 1,051 808 1,301 -9 4 -6 0 Austria 1,049 364 2,882 -1 5 6 0 Norway 983 419 2,346 -5 4 18 0 Free Zones 905 395 2,291 20 27 -14 0 Finland 827 303 2,729 -11 -3 42 0 Iraq 744 952 782 29 29 -41 0 Lithuania 728 829 878 11 53 18 0 Latvia 595 588 1,012 -1 21 1 0 Portugal 512 201 2,547 -6 0 85 0 Slovenia 464 191 2,429 1 16 30 0 United Arab Emirates 446 234 1,906 10 17 51 0 Singapore 419 229 1,830 -10 0 -49 0 Saudi Arabia 411 539 763 -9 5 49 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 29 Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 23rd in the German market. Kazakhstan’s unit value for dried mushrooms of US$ 17,000 per ton higher than the average price amongst all suppliers in the German market (Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Taiwan, Russia, Italy and Hungary). Potential new markets Germany ranks 6th in world imports of dried mushrooms. The world’s largest importers are Japan, Hong Kong, Italy, France, the United States and Switzerland. These are large import markets, but values have been declining. Much smaller but strongly growing import markets are Thailand, Viet Nam, Turkey and Romania. Switzerland has by far the highest unit value per ton. Table 29. The world’s main importers of dried mushrooms (HS071230) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 309,623 0 -5 3 6 100 Japan 86,665 11,356 7,632 -5 0 1 27 Hong Kong (SARC) 41,677 9,316 4,474 -10 4 38 13 Italy 35,062 2,343 14,965 -6 3 -12 11 France 22,983 1,752 13,118 -6 -2 26 7 United States of America 19,794 2,451 8,076 -2 3 28 6 Germany 19,124 2,039 9,379 0 6 -14 6 Switzerland 12,987 422 30,775 -9 -6 -7 4 Singapore 10,623 1,906 5,573 -4 -3 28 3 United Kingdom 6,902 1,070 6,450 -3 7 6 2 Korea, Rep. of Korea 5,506 1,745 3,155 6 2 14 1 Malaysia 5,161 3,940 1,310 -16 18 8 1 Poland 4,770 510 9,353 -6 -7 -14 1 Canada 4,712 948 4,970 3 -2 9 1 Netherlands 4,318 426 10,136 4 2 27 1 Thailand 4,115 895 4,598 26 18 42 1 Spain 2,310 471 4,904 15 33 -10 0 Australia 2,240 306 7,320 -2 -2 18 0 Austria 2,132 116 18,379 -10 -45 23 0 Belgium 1,822 461 3,952 15 75 16 0 Norway 1,074 44 24,409 -2 -1 0 0 Viet Nam 1,009 341 2,959 50 35 32 0 Taiwan, Province of (China) 958 354 2,706 0 14 10 0 Israel 866 0 -7 11 0 Turkey 774 403 1,921 12 53 18 0 Yugoslavia 774 56 13,821 -3 5 -48 0 Sweden 721 115 6,270 2 29 75 0 Brazil 571 121 4,719 -16 4 -19 0 Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of 556 137 4,058 41 47 -71 0 Philippines 546 361 1,512 17 0 Indonesia 542 453 1,196 16 -4 67 0 Romania 518 43 12,047 166 127 0 Czech Republic 493 59 8,356 -2 0 29 0 Denmark 491 99 4,960 -6 2 -13 0 New Zealand 481 69 6,971 18 21 31 0 Russian Federation 452 206 2,194 20 48 49 0 Croatia 446 22 20,273 7 10 40 0 Slovenia 384 24 16,000 -18 -15 -47 0 Macau 334 186 1,796 1 10 28 0 Slovakia 294 18 16,333 12 12 4 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)30 Preserved Vegetables, fruits and nuts (HS200190) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 85th in the world, Kazakhstan’s export of vegetables, fruits and nuts reached 100 tons in 2002, worth US$ 32, 000. Exports of these products expanded by 28% on average per year in value and by 40% on average per year in quantity between 1998 and 2002. World imports increased by 10% in value year-on-year during this period. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported vegetables, fruits and nuts to the Russian Federation (see table 30). Table 30. Kazakhstan’s exports of vegetables, fruit, nuts (HS200190) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 19th in the Russian market, it increased its market value in Russia at 28% on average per year between 1998 and 2002. Russian imports of these products decreased by 5% on average per year during this period. Kazakhstan’s unit value for vegetables, fruits and nuts in Russia, of US$ 320 per ton, is higher than the average price amongst all suppliers to the Russian market (Bulgaria, Hungary, Uzbekistan, Viet Nam, Armenia and Tajikistan). Potential new markets The Russian Federation ranks 14th in world imports of vegetables, fruits and nuts. The world’s largest importers are the United States, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, Canada, Saudi Arabia and France. The United Kingdom, together with Israel, Mexico, Ireland and Korea also belong to the fastest growing markets. Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 32 100 100 320 28 40 -52 10 Russian Federation 32 100 100 320 28 40 -52 14 1 -5
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 31 Table 31. The world’s main importers of vegetables, fruit, nuts (HS200190) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 589,617 0 10 12 13 100 United States of America 180,045 170,293 1,057 12 10 10 30 Germany 83,158 92,533 899 11 14 27 14 Japan 32,806 27,015 1,214 14 14 11 5 United Kingdom 29,216 25,015 1,168 18 25 6 4 Canada 24,996 25,989 962 12 11 55 4 Saudi Arabia 21,142 25,877 817 9 14 5 3 France 20,839 13,906 1,499 4 1 25 3 Italy 17,872 15,486 1,154 11 14 -16 3 Netherlands 16,961 16,663 1,018 11 13 27 2 Belgium 15,715 17,586 894 7 14 10 2 Switzerland 12,323 5,618 2,193 -1 6 16 2 Austria 11,027 8,832 1,249 10 14 4 1 Sweden 9,401 7,052 1,333 5 5 19 1 Russian Federation 8,114 23,736 342 -5 2 3 1 Denmark 7,981 9,187 869 3 12 11 1 Spain 7,657 8,001 957 9 19 4 1 Australia 7,589 4,201 1,806 7 11 28 1 Korea, Rep. of Korea 5,769 8,971 643 28 25 8 0 Ireland 5,311 3,667 1,448 21 23 13 0 Hong Kong (SARC) 4,905 2,697 1,819 0 -5 -20 0 Singapore 3,612 2,445 1,477 -3 -1 4 0 Poland 3,373 4,814 701 -6 -1 -9 0 Portugal 3,231 2,291 1,410 5 8 26 0 Czech Republic 3,204 5,112 627 7 9 53 0 Norway 3,054 1,337 2,284 -9 -11 -27 0 Israel 2,933 0 35 125 0 Mexico 2,370 21,870 108 29 139 40 0 United Arab Emirates 2,343 2,318 1,011 -1 2 -7 0 Finland 2,229 1,570 1,420 12 10 51 0 Bermuda 1,943 1,970 986 0 3 513 0 Greece 1,929 1,541 1,252 1 5 9 0 New Zealand 1,878 1,223 1,536 7 4 64 0 Slovakia 1,856 2,689 690 -1 1 12 0 Croatia 1,741 1,845 944 7 15 82 0 Costa Rica 1,687 1,082 1,559 4 6 17 0 Kuwait 1,634 1,194 1,369 -1 2 103 0 Brazil 1,605 1,236 1,299 0 6 7 0 Slovenia 1,429 1,334 1,071 23 20 57 0 Qatar 1,223 1,467 834 10 0
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)32 C. Further market opportunities for fruits and vegetables While this report focused mainly on processed fruit and vegetables as food products, there are additional market opportunities for fruit and vegetable products. Increased demand for food ingredients in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, as well as natural food additives, provides for growing niche markets, in which Kazakh products seem to participate. Below are brief descriptions of export opportunities in these markets, given the range of fruit and vegetable products grown in Kazakhstan. Cosmetics There are no exact figures about the volume of fruit and vegetable products used by the cosmetic industry. But demand for natural ingredients is growing, as consumers have become more sophisticated and interested in natural products. Mass producers as well as up-market brands shift their production increasingly to the use of natural ingredients. The EU is the world’s largest producer of cosmetic products, followed by the United States and Japan. Products included in that category are raw plant material (HS 12), vegetable saps and extracts (HS 13), vegetable (and animal) derived oils, fats and waxes (HS 15), essential oil and oleoresins (HS 3301), colouring matter of vegetable or animal origin (HS 3203). Some examples of ingredients based on fruit and vegetables grown in Kazakhstan are: • Almond oil/ almond butter are products widely used in natural cosmetics, soap- making and perfumes. They are derived from almond kernels and serve as an odourless base. • Apricot Kernel Oil can be used on its own or in massage products as well as for lip balms and cream. • Oil derived from carrots or carrot seeds both serve for regeneration and nutrition of the skin. • Grape seed Oil is a very light and odourless oil, used widely in massage products, either alone or mixed with almond oil. • Hazelnut oil is widely used for massage products, as well as for hair care and cream/lotion formulas. • Honey has been used since Egyptian times as ingredient for medicines and cosmetic purposes. • Walnut shells, ground into a fine powder, used in skin creams, sun products or hair colors. Pharmaceuticals As for cosmetics, it is not possible to give exact figures for the use of food industry products in pharmaceuticals, because statistics do not specify medical and other uses individually. The EU is one of the world’s largest producers of natural pharmaceuticals. Natural pharmaceutical products consist of plants and parts of plants (including seeds) (HS 1211), medicinal and vegetable saps and extracts (HS 1302 1991), and vegetable alkaloids (HS 2939). A range of natural products used by the pharmaceutical industry, which have no medicinal activity; are mainly the same as the ones used for cosmetics (see above). In addition to that essential oils are widely used for medicines purposes, e.g. Lemon Essential Oil.
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 33 Food additives Food additives are substances added to foods to perform a specific function. These functions include preserving the food and changing the appearance or taste of the food (by adding colour or flavour). Natural additives are substances found naturally in a foodstuff and are extracted from this food to be used in another. E.g. Beetroot juice with its bright purple colour can be used to colour foods such as sweets. Walnut shells are used as flavour or colour for liquor production. Summary As mentioned above, all of these are worldwide growing niche markets. As part of the demand on these markets consists of “rest products”, which develop in processing fruit and vegetables (dried apricots consumer / apricot kernel cosmetic industry), such export opportunities should be taken into consideration.
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)34 METHODOLOGY Data source and nomenclatures The analysis is based on the Harmonised System (HS) nomenclature of products, and is carried out at a six-digit level (approximately 5,100 categories of products are covered). The aggregate nature of the trade flow analysis can overstate the export potential, since products within the same six-digit level group might not be perfect substitutes. Calculations made at the product level are based on statistics extracted from the COMTRADE database of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD). COMTRADE has detailed trade statistics at the product level. The results of the trade flow analysis are based on the most recent available data. The growth rates listed in the tables are calculated on an annual basis over the 1998-2002 period. Interpretation and limitations Although trade statistics provide a useful starting point for market research and assessing trade performance, they present some limitations: • Trade statistics do not fully capture all the transactions taking place between countries, owing to compilation errors and omissions, smuggling and the non-reporting of transactions. Different reporting standards amongst countries can exacerbate the problems of non- comparability of data between countries; • Trade statistics occasionally include re-exports, which can artificially inflate the extent of trade; • Even at the lowest level of desegregation, differentiated products exist within product groups; • With respect to this particular study, only Kyrgyzstan reported its 2002 trade data to UNSD. Therefore, ITC used mirror statistics to evaluate the other countries’ trade flows. This method is a second-best solution since trade with other non-reporting countries is not recorded. There is also the problem of trans-shipments, which may mask the actual source of supply. Finally, mirror statistics invert the reporting standards by evaluating exports in c.i.f. terms and imports in f.o.b. terms; • Trade statistics refer to the total value of transactions, which may be very different from local value added; • Exchange rates fluctuations can affect the value of dollar denominated trade statistics, which may not result from changes in volumes;
KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 35 • Services are not included in the trade statistics used in this study. In view of the aforementioned shortcomings, trade statistics should not be used as the only source for evaluating regional trade potential. It should be emphasized that statistical trade data do not always capture supply and demand characteristics in the commercial sense. The outcome of a trade flow analysis as described in this working document therefore needs to be validated at company levels. Definitions Descriptive statistical measures were used on production. The arithmetic mean is calculated as the sum of all observations divided by the total number of observations. It provides us with an indicator of what, on average, would be the value of production in the past. Formally: X X n i i n = = ∑1 where X is the arithmetic mean, Xi i n = ∑1 is the summation of all observations Xi and n is the sample size. Growth rates have been calculated on the basis of average annual percentage changes. They are based on a model of continuous exponential growth between two points of time. Formally: ( )G X X n t n t= −       ×− 1 100 where G is the exponential growth rate between the first period point Xt and last period point Xn, to the root of the number of intervals between these two points. Value and quantity terms have been analyzed in order to ascertain a country’s trade opportunities. Comparisons between countries’ export unit prices have also been used. Unfavorable terms of trade might result from lower product quality, lower negotiating power, unfavorable market timing for launching a product or the accumulation of stocks. Caution should also be applied to statistics on quantities since these are more difficult to collect and are likely to suffer from higher statistical errors.

More Related Content

PDF
Trade Flow Analysis- Kyrgyzstan_final
byAriuntuya Tsend-Ayush
 
PDF
Trade Flow Analysis_Tajikistan_final
byAriuntuya Tsend-Ayush
 
PDF
Trade Flow Analysis -Uzbekistan_final
byAriuntuya Tsend-Ayush
 
PPT
Standards and technical measures wto
byStudsPlanet.com
 
PDF
Rilko - Russian agricultural‐food exports and food security: how two tasks ar...
byExternalEvents
 
DOC
130112649-Qatar.doc
byMaryamAbbas37
 
PPT
COST AND EARNINGS OF PROCESSING INDUSTRY
byDEVIKA ANTHARJANAM
 
PPT
Shrimp Export
byp4usiib
 
Trade Flow Analysis- Kyrgyzstan_final
byAriuntuya Tsend-Ayush
 
Trade Flow Analysis_Tajikistan_final
byAriuntuya Tsend-Ayush
 
Trade Flow Analysis -Uzbekistan_final
byAriuntuya Tsend-Ayush
 
Standards and technical measures wto
byStudsPlanet.com
 
Rilko - Russian agricultural‐food exports and food security: how two tasks ar...
byExternalEvents
 
130112649-Qatar.doc
byMaryamAbbas37
 
COST AND EARNINGS OF PROCESSING INDUSTRY
byDEVIKA ANTHARJANAM
 
Shrimp Export
byp4usiib
 

Viewers also liked

PDF
Level 3 communications bof aml 2015 leveraged finance conference final
byLevel3_Communications
 
DOCX
Isolation Andrew Flynn 04.11.14 (1)
byAndrew Flynn
 
DOCX
Andrew_Flynn_Task_A (1)
byAndrew Flynn
 
DOCX
303 Task B 24.09.14
byAndrew Flynn
 
DOCX
305 task B electronic
byAndrew Flynn
 
DOCX
M2 t1 planificador_aamticdoristeresalopez.docx (1)
byDORIS TERESA LOPEZ LOTERO
 
DOCX
CV 2 (1)
byAyolile Madikizela
 
PDF
Lista mathematica2
byPatyufpa2014
 
DOC
Manoj_Resume...
byManoj Saklani
 
DOCX
Proyecto 2016 1
byBeymar Odiño Geronimo Riveros
 
PPTX
Finalproject comm 303 zach
byztcann01
 
DOCX
Edgar allam perfil psicologico
bylucia Quispe Ormeño
 
PPTX
Blogger
byflor garcia
 
DOCX
CDP Interview Guide
byIan Manners
 
DOCX
Lynx reintroduction to scotland-2
byBethany Watkins
 
PPTX
Parte 7 métodos de tiragem 1 e 3 cartas
byparoca6
 
PPTX
Curso auriculo
byparoca6
 
Level 3 communications bof aml 2015 leveraged finance conference final
byLevel3_Communications
 
Isolation Andrew Flynn 04.11.14 (1)
byAndrew Flynn
 
Andrew_Flynn_Task_A (1)
byAndrew Flynn
 
303 Task B 24.09.14
byAndrew Flynn
 
305 task B electronic
byAndrew Flynn
 
M2 t1 planificador_aamticdoristeresalopez.docx (1)
byDORIS TERESA LOPEZ LOTERO
 
CV 2 (1)
byAyolile Madikizela
 
Lista mathematica2
byPatyufpa2014
 
Manoj_Resume...
byManoj Saklani
 
Proyecto 2016 1
byBeymar Odiño Geronimo Riveros
 
Finalproject comm 303 zach
byztcann01
 
Edgar allam perfil psicologico
bylucia Quispe Ormeño
 
Blogger
byflor garcia
 
CDP Interview Guide
byIan Manners
 
Lynx reintroduction to scotland-2
byBethany Watkins
 
Parte 7 métodos de tiragem 1 e 3 cartas
byparoca6
 
Curso auriculo
byparoca6
 

Similar to Trade Flow Analysis - Kazakhstan_final

PPTX
Bulatov - Russian import restrictions and their effects on the agricultural ...
byExternalEvents
 
PDF
Export Products of Kazakhstan 2016
byEmbassy of Kazakhstan in the USA
 
PDF
Alex F. Favila - UNCTAD Research - 2004
byalexfavila
 
PDF
Export of Local Goods The Basis for the Development of the Country
byijtsrd
 
PPTX
ANALYSIS OF PAKISTAN'S HORTICULTURE EXPORTS
byAkram Khalid
 
PPTX
FPCCI STANDING COMMITTEE
byAkram Khalid
 
PDF
Kazakhstan Agriculture Food Manufacturing Guide for 2017
byEmbassy of Kazakhstan in the USA
 
PPTX
Foreign trade of agricommodities in India & recent trends
byjpdas54
 
PDF
Export driven competitiveness in Europa and Central Asia Understanding compet...
byExternalEvents
 
PDF
Agrifood export promotion strategies in the post-Soviet countries
byExternalEvents
 
PPT
Cafan Presentation July O8
byTelly Valerie Onu
 
PPTX
Agricultural Trade in Central Asia: Trends and Policies- Roman Mogilevskii an...
byInternational Food Policy Research Institute
 
PDF
P. Liapis - Changing Patterns of Trade in Processed Agricultural Products [OECD]
byOffice of Trade Negotiations (OTN), CARICOM Secretariat
 
PPTX
Trade potential in CAR&SA, 30Jun14
byTimur Nuratdinov
 
PDF
Agribusiness agriexport
bySankara Narayanan
 
PDF
Roman Zenon Dawidowicz | Dutch Agricultural Export Boom - 124 Billion Euros i...
byRoman Zenon
 
PDF
Agriculture
byInvestInGeorgia
 
PPTX
Agriculture & Food Industry in Turkey
byFMC Group
 
PPTX
Trade openness in comesa presentation- june 2012
byAfrican Regional Strategic Analysis and Knowledge Support System (ReSAKSS)
 
PDF
Bottlenecks in Export of Fresh Fruits & Vegetables from Northern Indian State...
byRajeev Ranjan
 
Bulatov - Russian import restrictions and their effects on the agricultural ...
byExternalEvents
 
Export Products of Kazakhstan 2016
byEmbassy of Kazakhstan in the USA
 
Alex F. Favila - UNCTAD Research - 2004
byalexfavila
 
Export of Local Goods The Basis for the Development of the Country
byijtsrd
 
ANALYSIS OF PAKISTAN'S HORTICULTURE EXPORTS
byAkram Khalid
 
FPCCI STANDING COMMITTEE
byAkram Khalid
 
Kazakhstan Agriculture Food Manufacturing Guide for 2017
byEmbassy of Kazakhstan in the USA
 
Foreign trade of agricommodities in India & recent trends
byjpdas54
 
Export driven competitiveness in Europa and Central Asia Understanding compet...
byExternalEvents
 
Agrifood export promotion strategies in the post-Soviet countries
byExternalEvents
 
Cafan Presentation July O8
byTelly Valerie Onu
 
Agricultural Trade in Central Asia: Trends and Policies- Roman Mogilevskii an...
byInternational Food Policy Research Institute
 
P. Liapis - Changing Patterns of Trade in Processed Agricultural Products [OECD]
byOffice of Trade Negotiations (OTN), CARICOM Secretariat
 
Trade potential in CAR&SA, 30Jun14
byTimur Nuratdinov
 
Agribusiness agriexport
bySankara Narayanan
 
Roman Zenon Dawidowicz | Dutch Agricultural Export Boom - 124 Billion Euros i...
byRoman Zenon
 
Agriculture
byInvestInGeorgia
 
Agriculture & Food Industry in Turkey
byFMC Group
 
Trade openness in comesa presentation- june 2012
byAfrican Regional Strategic Analysis and Knowledge Support System (ReSAKSS)
 
Bottlenecks in Export of Fresh Fruits & Vegetables from Northern Indian State...
byRajeev Ranjan
 

Trade Flow Analysis - Kazakhstan_final

  • 1.
    ECO: IDENTIFYING INTRA-REGIONALEXPORT POTENTIAL IN AGRO-PRODUCTS AND PROCESSED FOODS KAZAKHSTAN KAZAKH EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES (WORKING DOCUMENT) 2004 (Project No. KAZ 61/90)
  • 2.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)2 This document was prepared within the framework of the project KAZ 61/90 and the South-South Trade Promotion Programme (SSTP). It aims to provide a statistical background of export opportunities for processed fruits and vegetables from Kazakhstan. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. While every effort has been made to verify the information contained in this document, ITC cannot accept any responsibility for any errors that it may contain. The report was produced by Ms. Ariuntuya Tsend-Ayush with the support of the Market Analysis Section (MAS) and Ms. Sylvie Bétemps. For further details on the methodology of the present document, please contact Ms. Sylvie Bétemps (ITC, e-mail: [email protected]; tel: +41-22-7300 204; fax: +41-22-7300 249). For additional information on the South-South Trade Promotion Programme (SSTP), please contact Mr. Govind Venuprasad (ITC, e-mail: [email protected]; tel: +41-22-7300 614; fax: +41-22-7300 249). This report has not been formally edited by the International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)
  • 3.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Note 4 A. BACKGROUND – EXPORT OVERVIEW 6 B. EXPORTS AND EXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES FROM KAZAKHSTAN 7 C. FURTHER MARKET OPPORTUNITIES 34 D. METHODOLOGY 36
  • 4.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)4 NOTE The following abbreviations are used: B Billion CIF Cost, Insurance and Freight CIS Commonwealth of Independent States (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Republic of Moldova, The Russian Federation, Tajikistan, The Ukraine and Uzbekistan) ECO Economic Cooperation Organization (Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Islamic Republic of Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan) EU European Union FDI Foreign direct investments FOB Free on Board GDP Gross domestic product HS Harmonized System Nomenclature ITC International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO M Million Mt Metric tons nes not elsewhere specified SME Small and Medium size Enterprises SSTP South-South Trade Promotion Programme UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNSD United Nations Statistics Division WTO World Trade Organization
  • 5.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 5 A. BACKGROUND – EXPORT OVERVIEW In 2002, Kazakhstan ranked 63rd in the world as an exporting country. The country’s exports reached US$ 9 billion in value, having expanded sharply, by 18% per year between 1998 and 2002. Growth of world exports increased by 4% on average per year during the same period. Fuels and manufactured products accounted for 80% of Kazakhstan’s total exports in 2002 (see figure 1). Food products (live animals, beverages, animal and vegetable oils and fats) represented 4,11%. Figure 1. Breakdown of Kazakhstan’s exports in 2002 Source: ITC PC-TAS 1998-2002 The main food products exported by Kazakhstan are cereals (HS10), especially wheat, muslin, barley and maize (see table 1). Ranked 6th amongst all product categories exported by the country, they generated an income of US$ 277 million. Kazakhstan’s exports of vegetables, fruits and related preparations (HS07, HS08, HS20) reached US$ 24.3 million, while exports of fish, crustaceans and molluscs (HS03) amounted to US$ 13.6 million. Flour-based products, milk preparations (HS19) and milling products (HS11) together generated revenues of US$ 10.5 million. FUELS & LUBRICANTS 51.12% INEDIBLE CRUDE MATERIALS 11.01% FOOD PRODUCTS 4.11% OTHER 0.42% MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS 30.39% CHEMICALS 2.94%
  • 6.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)6 Table 1. Kazakhstan’s exports of food products in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap As prioritized by Kazakhstan’s Ministry of Trade, in cooperation with ITC, Kazakhstan’s export opportunities for processed fruits and vegetables have been explored in the following chapters. Product groups, with six-digit HS-6 codes, that fall under the category of processed fruits and vegetables and comprise part of Kazakhstan’s export portfolio, have been listed in table 2. The table shows not only volumes, but also values per ton and changes in export volumes and values between 1998 and 2002. The import figures for the same products are provided for comparison. On the one hand, they allow checking for indications of re-exports, on the other, for market potential in the domestic markets. It is also possible that there are quality differences between imported and exported products and/or that different products within the same HS 6- digit product groups are imported or exported. HS Code Product Value 2002 in US$ thousand Annual growth in value between 1998-2002, % Annual growth in value between 2001-2002, % Annual growth of world exports between 1998- 2002, % Ranking in country exports Share in world exports, % Ranking in world exports 8,988,831 18 17 4 0.1 63 10 Cereals 277,322 -3 -11 -2 6 0.8 18 07 Edible vegetables and certain roots and tubers 16,439 -17 -12 3 17 0.1 73 03 Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates nes 13,632 21 28 3 19 0 97 08 Edible fruit, nuts, peel of citrus fruit, melons 7,206 -29 -59 0 25 0 107 19 Cereal, flour, starch, milk preparations and products 5,258 46 30 4 29 0 79 11 Milling products, malt, starches, inulin, wheat gluten 5,187 -48 -72 1 30 0.1 59 17 Sugars and sugar confectionery 3,923 -11 -67 0 33 0 107 05 Products of animal origin, nes 2,907 20 -55 0 35 0.1 65 15 Animal,vegetable fats and oils, cleavage products, etc 2,366 -36 -34 -5 38 0 107 16 Meat, fish and seafood food preparations nes 2,023 -5 -82 3 41 0 94 14 Vegetable plaiting materials, vegetable products nes 1,792 -35 -75 -2 43 0.5 36 02 Meat and edible meat offal 1,149 -51 -82 3 46 0 85 12 Oil seed, oleagic fruits, grain, seed, fruit, etc, nes 1,096 -8 2 2 47 0 122 04 Dairy products, eggs, honey, edible animal product nes 1,020 4 87 0 50 0 100 20 Vegetable, fruit, nut, etc food preparations 665 -20 -58 1 54 0 113 18 Cocoa and cocoa preparations 449 9 -23 1 59 0 118 21 Miscellaneous edible preparations 153 -13 93 3 69 0 09 Coffee, tea, mate and spices 136 -3 38 -13 70 0 159 13 Lac, gums, resins, vegetable saps and extracts nes 50 -24 -75 2 79 0 108 01 Live animals 38 -76 -15 1 81 0 140 06 Live trees, plants, bulbs, roots, cut flowers etc 22 59 -82 2 83 0 141 All products
  • 7.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 7 Table 2. Kazakhstan’s exports of fruits and vegetables products in 2002 HS rev. 1 Product Value 2002 in US$ thousand Qty 2002 (tons) Value per ton Annual growth in value bw 98- 02% Annual growth in quantity bw 98- 02% Annual growth in value bw 01- 02% World market share% Ranking in world market Annual grwth in value of world imp bw 98-02 % Value 2002 in US$ thousand Qty 2002 (tons) Value per ton Annual growth in value bw 98- 02 % Exp'rs Share in Kaz's imports, % 070310 Onions and shallots, fresh or chilled 8,205 65,839 125 -30 -21 101 0 26 -3 45 625 72 -28 Kyrgyzstan 89 070200 Tomatoes, fresh or chilled 4,063 6,660 610 17 26 -51 0 24 2 23 19 1,211 -38 Netherlands 100 080719 (1996) Melons, fresh, other than watermelons 2,454 9,048 271 -28 -14 7 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 080711 (1996) Watermelons, fresh 1,783 13,851 129 -43 -21 -52 0 25 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 070490 Cabbages,kohlrabi,kale and sim edible brassicas nes,fresh or chilled 1,448 6,174 235 -1 13 -37 0 25 2 10 214 47 -37 0 0 070960 pp g Capsicum or of the genus Pimenta,fresh or 973 4,730 206 -18 -3 -30 0 38 4 29 304 95 -42 Kyrgyzstan 45 070610 Carrots and turnips, fresh or chilled 634 4,052 156 10 23 337 0 31 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 080810 Apples, fresh 591 1,328 445 -9 2 -87 0 51 1 3,216 19,024 169 5 China 84 081090 Fruits, fresh nes 582 1,309 445 0 10 -19 0 48 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 080910 Apricots, fresh 562 888 633 35 60 -66 0 19 -2 11 144 76 Kyrgyzstan 100 070700 Cucumbers and gherkins, fresh or chilled 390 787 496 -16 -5 -75 0 41 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 080610 Grapes, fresh 257 360 714 -26 -19 -84 0 52 4 17 22 773 19 Russian Federation 65 080940 Plums and sloes, fresh 232 560 414 -3 19 -75 0 31 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 200980 Fruit&veg juice nes (exc mx) unferment unspiritd, whether/not sug/sweet 184 316 582 -8 8 -27 0 89 4 732 836 876 -3 Moldova, Rep.of 27 071333 Kidney beans&white pea beans drid shelld,whether o not skinnd o split 163 385 423 -18 2 65 0 57 -4 85 194 438 -24 USA 95 080211 Almonds in shell fresh or dried 145 173 838 0 21 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 070690 Salad beetroot, salsif, celeriac,radish&sim edibl roots,fresh/chilld nes 125 549 228 -5 8 -31 0 33 -4 0 0 0 0 0 0 200970 Apple juice unfermented spiritd whether or not sugard or sweetend 108 184 587 -14 -17 67 0 67 1 1,119 2,274 492 29 Russian Federation 50 070930 Aubergines(egg- plants), fresh or chilled 101 264 383 -33 -27 -27 0 28 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 080232 Walnuts, fresh or dried, shelled or peeled 82 43 1907 34 0 44 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 200919 Orange juice nes, unfermentd spiritd,whether or not sugard or sweet 77 131 588 -33 0 81 15 850 1,267 671 14 Russian Federation 60 070990 Vegetables, fresh or chilled nes 75 41 1829 123 108 -69 0 99 7 39 0 0 0 Israel 100 080930 Peaches, including nectarines, fresh 74 109 679 -21 -13 -85 0 50 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 080820 Pears and quinces, fresh 71 147 483 -33 -24 -81 0 56 0 160 629 254 2 China 49 081290 Fruits&nuts provis preservd but unfit f immediate consumption nes 67 317 211 34 0 39 -10 0 0 0 0 0 0 071190 Vegetables nes&mixtures provis presvd but nt f immediate consumptn 66 20 3300 144 0 51 -3 0 0 0 0 0 0 071220 Onions dried but not further prepared 60 45 1333 329 0 53 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 080231 Walnuts in shell, fresh or dried 60 105 571 -1 29 114 0 28 -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 200110 gherkins,prepared or preserved by vinegar or acetic acid 50 199 251 1 17 127 0 55 0 274 364 753 7 Hungary 77 080920 Cherries, fresh 48 35 1371 42 55 -89 0 42 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 List of Products exported by Kazakhstan in 2002 Imported by Kazakhstan
  • 8.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)8 Source: ITC TradeMap HS rev. 1 Product Value 2002 in US$ thousand Qty 2002 (tons) Value per ton Annual growth in value bw 98- 02% Annual growth in quantity bw 98- 02% Annual growth in value bw 01- 02% World market share% Ranking in world market Annual grwth in value of world imp bw 98-02 % Value 2002 in US$ thousand Qty 2002 (tons) Value per ton Annual growth in value bw 98- 02 % Exp'rs Share in Kaz's imports, % 130219 Vegetable saps and extracts nes 46 2 23000 -15 -73 0 73 -7 11 4 2,750 -12 0 0 200590 g g prep/presvd o/t by vinegar/acetic acid,not frozen 46 89 517 -69 0 94 3 411 883 465 28 Russian Federation 77 071339 Beans dried, shelled, whether or not skinned or split, nes 36 57 632 -29 0 56 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 081310 Apricots, dried 36 57 632 -34 -15 -51 0 42 -4 17 6 2,833 60 Germany 100 071230 Mushrooms and truffles dried but not further prepared 34 2 17000 0 59 -5 0 0 0 0 0 0 200190 Veg,fruit,nut&edible prts of plants nes, prep/presvd by vin/acetic acid 32 100 320 28 40 -52 0 85 10 155 183 847 -17 Hungary 35 080620 Grapes, dried 31 51 608 -53 -40 -98 0 57 -7 32 64 500 -25 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 100 200950 Tomato juice unfermented spirited, whether or not sugared or sweet 30 66 455 -49 -53 0 0 50 -8 350 726 482 33 Russian Federation 71 200940 Pineapple juice,unfermented¬ spiritd,whether or not sugard or sweet 27 47 574 0 73 0 719 842 854 52 China 60 070190 Potatoes, fresh or chilled nes 25 155 161 -39 -39 -14 0 86 -3 340 6,244 54 -25 Russian Federation 71 071390 Leguminous vegetables dried,shelled,whether or not skinnd or split,nes 18 38 474 100 0 54 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 200600 Fruit,nut,fruit-peel&pts of plant presvd by sugar (draind,glacé/cryst) 15 2 7500 0 64 0 17 29 586 1 0 0 200819 Nuts&seeds nes incl mx,o/w prep o presvd,sugard,sweeten d,spiritd o not 14 18 778 0 81 4 255 161 1,584 1 Russian Federation 54 200960 Grape juice (incl grape must) unferment & unspiritd,wthr/nt sug/sweet 13 21 619 0 61 -5 119 146 815 8 Russian Federation 51
  • 9.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 9 B. Export opportunities for processed fruits and vegetables 1. Kazakhstan’s production of fruits and vegetables Kazakhstan produces various types of fruits and vegetables (see table 3). With an average annual production of 1,896,311 Mt and 314,336 Mt respectively, potatoes and tomatoes represent the largest crops within this category. Kazakhstan’s production of tomatoes expanded between 1992 and 2002, by 3.23%, while potato production declined by 1.52% during this period. With the exception of dry peas, which declined by 17.18%, the average annual production of watermelon, cabbages, gherkins, peas and onions increased reaching a volume of 307 Mt and 200 Mt. This misrepresents the real situation as potato production has increased steadily since 2000. Dry pea production has been increasing since 2000. Production of all crops declined from 1992 to 1995 but, with the exception of dried onions, all have experienced stable, and in some cases rapid, growth since. Table 3. Kazakhstan’s production of fruits and vegetables between 1992 and 2002 Source: FAO Statistical database on agricultural products, 2002 1992 1995 2000 2001 2002 Potatoes 2,569,700 1,720,800 1,692,600 2,184,800 2,268,800 1,896,311.82 -1.52 Tomatoes 400,000 308,000 387,030 447,200 448,855 314,336.36 3.23 Watermelons 288,400 162,300 421,600 519,200 628,803 307,894.82 12.98 Cabbages 212,000 170,000 262,670 303,500 321,793 214,942.36 5.36 Cucumbers and Gherkins 123,000 95,000 190,600 218,000 256,000 145,301.73 9.89 Peas, Dry 93,700 24,320 9,200 13,600 26,655 30,541.36 -17.18 Onions, Dry 80,000 70,000 302,000 348,900 309,922 200,717.09 18.88 Apples 77,000 36,600 144,600 132,400 110,453 70,204.82 10.35 Grapes 63,000 68,320 61,600 43,200 26,275 40,879.55 -5.02 Vegetables Fresh nes 58,000 54,600 152,100 167,800 187,700 99,609.09 14.24 Carrots 48,000 40,000 163,620 189,100 214,469 102,371.73 21.59 Plums 26,000 10,000 7,370 5,500 12,520 9,753.64 -7.40 Peaches and Nectarines 18,800 8,200 2,770 1,100 2,369 5,794.45 -21.84 Pears 18,000 15,500 10,240 9,400 9,572 10,346.55 -3.37 Beans, Dry 15,000 4,000 15,500 16,600 3,797 11,727.00 -4.93 Apricots 14,000 8,000 6,740 2,600 5,745 7,198.64 -11.32 Cherries 11,000 13,000 12,030 6,400 14,026 10,750.55 -0.71 Eggplants 8,000 14,000 21,500 24,500 28,000 15,818.18 13.10 Beans, Green 5,000 6,000 8,500 10,000 11,000 6,872.73 8.51 Strawberries 3,200 4,800 5,340 5,100 6,000 4,849.09 6.07 Broad Beans, Green 3,000 5,000 9,000 10,400 11,000 6,336.36 13.94 Applejuice Single Streng 2,800 2,100 490 560 700 1,915.45 -20.51 Leeks and Oth.Alliac.Veg 1,000 2,000 12,000 14,000 15,000 6,045.45 35.97 Groundnuts in Shell 900 1,600 340 400 162 872.91 -16.6 Quinces 300 300 2,500 800 1,800 818.18 22.86 Fruit Dried nes 200 600 240 320 320 401.82 -1.6 Peas, Green 100 150 130 100 200 129.36 3.29 Berries nes 0 0 0 200 200 36.36 … Dry Apricots 0 72 9 18 72 29.45 … Fruit Fresh nes 0 1,000 10,100 7,700 23,000 5,209.09 … Homogen.Cooked Fruit Pre 0 320 0 0 0 101.82 … Mushrooms 0 0 500 500 500 209.09 Onions+Shallots, Green 0 0 0 1,000 1,000 181.82 … Walnuts 0 1,000 1,000 1,000 800 709.09 … Products Annual mean (Mt) Growth (%) Production (Mt)
  • 10.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)10 2. Kazakhstan’s exports of fruits and vegetables Kazakhstan mainly exports potatoes, tomatoes, watermelon and cabbages (see table 2). As confirmed by FAO statistics, it is also a producer of those product groups. This suggests that the country is not re-exporting, but has its own supply capacity. Kazakhstan’s export opportunities have been analysed hereunder for those currently processed fruit and vegetable product groups, classified in decreasing order of export value, namely: • Juice of fruit or vegetables, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter (excl. fermented or containing alcohol, mixtures, citrus fruit, pineapple, tomato, grape, incl. grape must and apple juice) (HS200980) • Dried, shelled kidney beans "phaseolus vulgaris", whether or not skinned or split (HS071333) • Apple juice, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter (excl. fermented or containing alcohol) (HS200970) • Fresh or dried walnuts, shelled and peeled (HS080232) • Orange juice, whether or not containing added sugar or other sweetening matter (excl. fermented or containing spirit and frozen) (HS200919) • Fruit and nuts, provisionally preserved, but unsuitable in that state for immediate consumption (excl. cherries and strawberries) (HS081290) • Vegetables and mixtures of vegetables provisionally preserved, but unsuitable in that state for immediate consumption (excl. onions, olives, capers, gherkins and gherkins) (HS071190) • Dried onions, whole, cut, sliced, broken or in powder, but not further prepared (HS071220) • Gherkins and gherkins, prepared or preserved by vinegar or acetic acid (HS200110) • Vegetables and mixtures of vegetables, prepared or preserved otherwise than by vinegar or acetic acid (excl. frozen, homogenized vegetables of subheading 2005 10, and tomatoes, mushrooms, truffles, potatoes, sauerkraut, peas "pisum sativum", beans "vigna spp., phaseolus spp." asparagus, olives and sweet corn "zea mays var. saccharata") (HS200590) • Dried, shelled beans "vigna and phaseolus", whether or not skinned or split (excl. beans of species "vigna mungo (l.) hepper or vigna radiata (l.) wilczek", adzuki beans and kidney beans) (HS071339) • Dried apricots (HS081310) • Dried mushrooms and truffles, whole, cut, sliced, broken or in powder, but not further prepared (HS071230) • Vegetables, fruit, nuts and other edible parts of plants, prepared or preserved by vinegar or acetic acid (excl. gherkins, gherkins and onions) (HS200190) Fruit and vegetable juice (HS200980) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 89th in the world, Kazakhstan’s exports of fruit and vegetable juice reached 316 tons in 2002, worth US$ 184,000. Exports of fruit and vegetable juice decreased by 8% on average per year in value but increased by 8% on average per year in quantity between 1998 and 2002. World imports increased by 4% on average per year in value during this period.
  • 11.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 11 In 2002, Kazakhstan exported fruit and vegetable juice to Kyrgyzstan (see table 4). Table 4. Kazakhstan’s exports of fruit and vegetable juice (HS200980) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan accounts for 85% of Kyrgyzstan’s total imports of fruit and vegetable juice. Kazakhstan’s unit value for fruit and vegetable juice in Kyrgyzstan, of US$ 589 per ton, is higher than Uzbekistan’s (at US$ 432), also supplying the country. Potential new markets Kyrgyzstan ranks 124th in world imports of fruit and vegetable juice. The world’s largest importers are the United States, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France and Canada. With the exception of the UK, these are all large and growing import markets. The Dominican Republic, Korea, Venezuela and Ireland have the fastest growing import markets for fruit and vegetable juice. Table 5. The world’s main importers of fruit and vegetable juice (HS200980) in 2002 Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 184 100 316 582 -8 8 -27 4 Kyrgyzstan 176 96 299 589 124 0 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Quantity unit Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 869,442 0 No quantity 4 14 4 100 United States of America 107,677 228,957 Cubic meters 470 4 12 12 Germany 107,111 71,855 Tons 1,491 2 13 10 12 Japan 67,044 29,060 Tons 2,307 5 14 -19 7 Netherlands 52,033 26,305 Tons 1,978 1 9 1 5 United Kingdom 41,396 32,330 Tons 1,280 -2 24 17 4 France 38,765 31,408 Tons 1,234 3 18 19 4 Canada 34,516 28,435 Tons 1,214 4 8 1 3 Saudi Arabia 28,897 42,382 Tons 682 17 23 -3 3 Italy 23,620 15,334 Tons 1,540 7 10 26 2 Austria 22,911 14,552 Tons 1,574 4 14 -14 2 West Asia not elsewhere specified 21,375 34,615 Tons 618 2 Belgium 17,079 14,047 Tons 1,216 3 22 1 1 Russian Federation 16,160 36,605 Tons 441 1 19 -13 1 Korea, Rep. of Korea 15,830 4,719 Tons 3,355 50 41 -27 1 Denmark 15,495 10,699 Tons 1,448 18 38 8 1 Singapore 14,302 15,938 Tons 897 12 4 -2 1 Portugal 11,981 12,455 Tons 962 10 9 26 1 Qatar 11,594 11,755 Tons 986 21 1 Switzerland 11,462 4,256 Tons 2,693 0 3 17 1 Spain 10,426 13,878 Tons 751 -6 -7 64 1 Sweden 10,418 7,508 Tons 1,388 2 20 3 1 Australia 9,819 4,840 Cubic meters 2,029 13 16 1 Guatemala 7,732 12,853 Tons 602 1 6 8 0 Ireland 7,622 5,130 Tons 1,486 20 29 104 0
  • 12.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)12 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Quantity unit Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% Hong Kong (SARC) 7,402 5,621 Tons 1,317 15 15 -9 0 Israel 6,660 0 No quantity 19 34 0 Albania 6,360 22,440 Tons 283 20 37 48 0 Bahamas 6,135 0 No quantity -6 24 0 Honduras 5,939 8,206 Tons 724 12 21 -11 0 Greece 5,752 3,855 Tons 1,492 -8 5 9 0 Taiwan, Province of (China) 4,982 0 Tons 11 4 5 0 Dominican Republic 4,743 0 Tons 69 0 131 0 Finland 4,217 2,599 Tons 1,623 5 12 4 0 El Salvador 4,166 5,994 Tons 695 11 18 -3 0 Venezuela 4,089 5,136 Tons 796 49 79 -35 0 Costa Rica 4,083 4,279 Tons 954 12 4 37 0 Mexico 4,061 30,222 Tons 134 11 95 -25 0 Oman 4,037 4,568 Tons 884 734 0 Norway 3,903 996 Tons 3,919 1 6 30 0 Source: ITC TradeMap Dried shelled kidney beans (HS071333) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 57th in the world, Kazakhstan’s exports of dried shelled kidney beans reached 385 tons in 2002, worth US$ 160,000. Exports of dried shelled kidney beans decreased by 18% on average per year in value but increased by 2% on average per year in quantity between 1998 and 2002. World imports decreased by 4% on average per year in value during this period. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported dried shelled kidney beans to Turkey and the Russian Federation (see table 6). Table 6. Kazakhstan’s exports of dried shelled kidney beans (HS071333) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 10th in the Turkish market, accounting for 1% of the country’s total imports of dried kidney beans after China, Kyrgyzstan, Iran, Argentina, Egypt, Canada, the Netherlands, the Ukraine and Moldova. Kazakhstan’s unit value for dried kidney beans in Turkey, of US$ 419 per ton, is the lowest amongst all the above-mentioned suppliers to the Turkish market. Kazakhstan ranks 8th in the Russian market for dried kidney beans after Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, the United States, the Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, the Netherlands and Germany. Kazakhstan’s exports in Russia decreased by 18% in value on average per year between 1998 and 2002, while Russian imports of this product increased by 32% on average per year in value during this period. Kazakhstan’s unit value for dried kidney beans in Russia, of US$ 455 per ton, is higher than that of the Ukraine, Uzbekistan, the Netherlands, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan and lower than that of the United States and Germany. Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 163 100 385 423 -18 2 65 -4 Turkey 143 88 341 419 107 12 2 4 Russian Federation 20 12 44 455 -18 2 -33 41 0 32
  • 13.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 13 Potential new markets Turkey and the Russian Federation rank 12th and 41st in world imports of dried kidney beans. The world’s largest importers are Mexico, Italy, the United Kingdom, Spain, the Netherlands, Venezuela and Cuba. Markets have been fluctuating in the largest importing countries, however smaller volume markets in Cuba, the United States, Egypt and India have shown strong growth. Table 7. The world’s main importers of dried shelled kidney beans (HS071333) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Apple juice (HS200970) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 67th in the world market, Kazakhstan’s exports of apple juice reached 184 tons in 2002, worth US$ 108,000. Exports of apple juice decreased by 14% on average per year in value and by 17% on average per year in quantity between 1998 and 2002. World imports increased by 1% on average per year in value during this period. Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 711,439 1,387,126 513 -4 3 10 100 Mexico 65,358 108,218 604 -15 -12 14 9 Italy 55,104 83,261 662 0 4 -2 7 United Kingdom 51,887 97,329 533 -7 -3 2 7 Spain 36,858 51,398 717 1 3 12 5 Netherlands 34,269 88,825 386 6 10 53 4 Venezuela 31,699 60,298 526 -8 0 -2 4 Cuba 31,512 98,584 320 42 65 26 4 France 28,004 34,736 806 -11 -9 21 3 United States of America 25,790 43,102 598 49 57 98 3 Brazil 23,309 81,738 285 -26 -12 -55 3 Portugal 20,940 35,546 589 -1 3 20 2 Turkey 19,525 37,866 516 4 10 16 2 Algeria 17,171 39,461 435 12 28 149 2 Costa Rica 16,003 28,048 571 -5 3 22 2 Egypt 15,161 34,121 444 33 39 45 2 Greece 13,743 16,477 834 2 3 143 1 Canada 13,472 19,367 696 12 11 59 1 Pakistan 13,013 42,321 307 10 15 33 1 Colombia 12,770 18,786 680 -10 -17 -21 1 India 12,637 31,415 402 23 24 66 1 Japan 12,361 17,343 713 4 6 -18 1 South Africa 12,000 34,916 344 190 1 Belgium 11,991 22,646 529 13 25 21 1 Angola 11,602 28,254 411 23 30 227 1 Iraq 10,152 20,483 496 11 12 -2 1 Germany 8,448 12,262 689 -11 -6 0 1 Bulgaria 6,765 17,808 380 -12 -5 69 0 Free Zones 6,644 9,647 689 -1 -1 -71 0 Yemen 5,461 14,704 371 10 15 32 0 New Zealand 4,794 6,922 693 26 26 57 0 Hungary 4,342 5,369 809 52 92 61 0 Korea, Rep. of Korea 4,237 15,599 272 6 16 21 0 Zimbabwe 4,099 0 2242 0 Israel 4,032 0 2 -14 0 Guatemala 3,792 7,116 533 33 35 97 0 Yugoslavia 3,117 4,857 642 0 -2 -10 0 Lebanon 2,675 4,288 624 7 13 8 0 Slovakia 2,551 5,611 455 44 55 6 0 Switzerland 2,431 2,139 1,137 -6 -2 29 0
  • 14.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)14 In 2002, Kazakhstan exported apple juice to Kyrgyzstan and the Russian Federation (see table 8). Table 8. Kazakhstan’s exports of apple juice (HS200970) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan’s exports of apple juice to Kyrgyzstan make up to 29% of the country’s total imports, while Kazakhstan’s unit value for apple juice in Kyrgyzstan, of US$ 590 per ton, is the highest amongst the countries’ suppliers. Kazakhstan’s exports to the Russian Federation are marginal (US$10,000, representing 18 tons of fruits). This market declined in Russia, decreasing by 1% on average per year in value between 1998 and 2002. Potential new markets Kyrgyzstan and the Russian Federation rank 76th and 12th respectively in world imports of apple juice. The world’s largest importers are Germany, the United States, Japan, Austria, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Canada and Denmark. With the exception of the United Kingdom and Japan these are growing markets. Belarus, Mexico, Israel and New Zealand are the fastest growing markets. The highest unit value paid, after Japan, is in Saudi Arabia. Table 9. The world’s main importers of apple juice (HS200970) in 2002 Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 108 100 184 587 -14 -17 67 1 Kyrgyzstan 98 91 166 590 76 0 Russian Federation 10 9 18 556 -14 -17 67 12 1 -1 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Quantity unit Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 999,045 0 No quantity 1 11 -4 100 Germany 256,475 449,415 Tons 571 1 11 7 25 United States of America 244,602 1,356,149 Cubic meters 180 3 -5 24 Japan 75,888 77,584 Tons 978 -1 6 -28 7 Austria 47,705 109,495 Tons 436 1 16 -21 4
  • 15.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 15 Source: ITC TradeMap Fresh or dried walnuts (HS080232) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 44th in the world, Kazakhstan’s exports of fresh or dried walnuts reached 43 tons in 2002, worth US$ 82, 000. World imports increased by 7% on average per year in value between 1998 and 2002. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported fresh or dried walnuts to France and Turkey (see table 10). Table 10. Kazakhstan’s exports of fresh or dried walnuts (HS080232) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 82 100 43 1,907 34 7 France 39 48 18 2,167 3 6 7 Turkey 39 48 23 1,696 129 12 2 70 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Quantity unit Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% Netherlands 44,105 80,551 Tons 548 0 9 2 4 United Kingdom 44,070 65,857 Tons 669 -7 6 -21 4 Canada 26,469 31,459 Tons 841 4 8 10 2 Denmark 22,389 39,278 Tons 570 10 16 55 2 Belgium 20,554 37,471 Tons 549 -5 1 0 2 France 20,519 43,018 Tons 477 -6 1 -13 2 Italy 19,913 35,901 Tons 555 -6 0 -29 1 Russian Federation 17,398 34,834 Tons 499 -1 4 7 1 Australia 13,949 19,424 Cubic meters 718 3 -5 1 Sweden 12,905 16,148 Tons 799 -2 9 12 1 Belarus 11,558 14,515 Tons 796 43 46 98 1 Greece 8,767 10,606 Tons 827 5 19 15 0 Finland 8,710 9,429 Tons 924 5 11 -8 0 Spain 6,817 12,141 Tons 561 -3 5 3 0 Ireland 5,718 7,265 Tons 787 10 30 -4 0 Norway 5,412 6,243 Tons 867 13 19 24 0 Mexico 5,263 71,120 Tons 74 35 148 -29 0 El Salvador 3,987 6,979 Tons 571 16 29 12 0 Czech Republic 3,858 6,455 Tons 598 18 12 32 0 Saudi Arabia 3,496 3,746 Tons 933 2 8 -5 0 Hong Kong (SARC) 2,920 3,432 Tons 851 -1 6 -35 0 Israel 2,673 0 No quantity 32 3 0 Guatemala 2,643 4,756 Tons 556 2 7 -32 0 Taiwan, Province of (China) 2,468 0 No quantity -1 19 -12 0 Honduras 2,384 4,410 Tons 541 17 32 -7 0 Panama 2,373 3,265 Tons 727 17 19 102 0 New Zealand 2,283 2,845 Cubic meters 802 30 66 0 Singapore 2,167 3,071 Tons 706 2 7 -12 0 Portugal 2,090 4,840 Tons 432 7 29 3 0 Croatia 1,969 2,612 Tons 754 4 12 1 0 Malaysia 1,887 2,429 Tons 777 25 31 18 0 South Africa 1,868 3,190 Tons 586 68 0 Nicaragua 1,852 3,546 Tons 522 7 6 -13 0 United Arab Emirates 1,802 0 No quantity 19 23 41 0 Luxembourg 1,794 2,139 Tons 839 3 0 21 0
  • 16.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)16 Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 20th in the French market. Kazakhstan’s unit value for dried walnuts in France, of US$ 2,167 per ton, is higher than that of Greece and Kyrgyzstan but lower than the majority of its main competitors (Belgium, Poland, Bulgaria, India, Romania, Moldova, Slovakia and China) and lower than the average price of France’s imports at US$ 2,979 per ton. Kazakhstan ranks 10th in the Turkish market. Kazakhstan’s unit value for dried walnuts in Turkey, of US$ 1,696 per ton, is lower than Tajikistan’s (US$ 1,727) and higher than the average price of all suppliers to the Turkish market (the Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Romania, Afghanistan, Moldova, Pakistan, Bulgaria, Iran and China). Potential new markets France and Turkey are rank 3rd and 12th respectively in world imports of dried walnuts. Other large importers are Japan, Germany, Greece, Spain and Canada. All of these markets are growing, with Greece and Spain showing rapid growth. The Russian Federation, Turkey, Korea and Belgium have the fastest growing import markets for dried walnuts. Table 11. The world’s main importers of dried walnuts (HS080232) in 2002 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 282,642 81,200 3,481 7 9 7 100 Japan 45,815 9,935 4,611 3 3 6 16 Germany 29,476 7,197 4,096 3 7 11 10 France 19,166 6,434 2,979 7 7 6 6 Greece 16,732 5,522 3,030 31 29 51 5 Spain 15,560 3,867 4,024 19 17 -4 5 Canada 14,632 4,655 3,143 7 6 -17 5 United Kingdom 10,663 2,859 3,730 3 1 -8 3 Belgium 10,657 2,417 4,409 46 45 222 3 Israel 9,924 0 6 -24 3 Australia 8,895 2,435 3,653 9 6 3 3 Switzerland 8,386 1,474 5,689 2 4 12 2 Turkey 8,283 5,279 1,569 70 68 1078 2 Italy 7,434 1,745 4,260 12 13 -5 2 Austria 6,723 2,276 2,954 1 0 46 2 Korea, Rep. of Korea 5,752 1,362 4,223 58 60 27 2 Netherlands 5,219 1,428 3,655 -13 -9 -5 1 Brazil 4,539 899 5,049 -9 -3 -28 1 Mexico 4,241 2,682 1,581 16 29 -6 1 Slovenia 3,236 1,064 3,041 -4 -5 23 1 Taiwan, Province of (China) 3,024 808 3,743 9 1 19 1 Portugal 2,706 623 4,343 2 7 -13 0 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,501 1,355 1,846 11 14 111 0 Egypt 2,403 595 4,039 12 9 -6 0 Hungary 2,219 872 2,545 11 11 26 0 Croatia 2,128 1,105 1,926 10 0 91 0 Syrian Arab Republic 2,032 1,500 1,355 0 Lebanon 1,960 598 3,278 -18 -23 21 0 Denmark 1,749 429 4,077 -5 -3 -11 0 Jordan 1,731 851 2,034 -1 2 16 0 Russian Federation 1,723 1,030 1,673 96 84 -37 0
  • 17.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 17 Source: ITC TradeMap Orange juice (HS200919) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 67th in the world, Kazakhstan’s exports of orange juice reached 131 tons in 2002, worth US$ 77,000. World imports of this product increased by 15% on average per year in value between 1998 and 2002. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported orange juice to Kyrgyzstan (see table 12). Kazakhstan does not grow oranges; it imports orange juice from the Russian Federation. Table 12. Kazakhstan’s exports of orange juice (HS200919) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation are the only suppliers of orange juice in Kyrgyzstan. Kazakh produce accounts for 22% of Kyrgyzstan total imports of orange juice. Its unit value in Kyrgyzstan, of US$ 598 per ton, is higher than that of the Russian Federation, of US$ 477 per ton. Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 77 100 131 588 -33 15 Kyrgyzstan 73 95 122 598 89 0 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% Hong Kong (SARC) 1,715 470 3,649 -17 -18 7 0 Moldova, Rep.of 1,615 647 2,496 55 0 Czech Republic 1,466 532 2,756 0 -1 73 0 Norway 1,334 205 6,507 3 0 6 0 United Arab Emirates 1,249 379 3,296 0 -11 -5 0 New Zealand 1,223 342 3,576 6 3 37 0 Yugoslavia 1,119 490 2,284 256 0 Singapore 1,044 276 3,783 10 12 4 0 Sweden 1,023 289 3,540 -7 -5 5 0
  • 18.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)18 Table 13. The world’s main importers of orange juice (HS200919) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Preserved fruits and nuts (HS081290) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 39th in the world, Kazakhstan’s exports of preserved fruits and nuts reached 317 tons in 2002, worth US$ 67,000. World imports decreased by 10% on average per year in value between 1998 and 2002. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported preserved fruits and nuts only to the Russian Federation (see table 14). Table 14. Kazakhstan’s exports of preserved fruits and nuts (HS081290) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 67 100 317 211 34 -10 Russian Federation 67 100 317 211 34 18 0 -5 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Quantity unit Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 1,634,164 0 No quantity 15 18 42 100 Netherlands 357,563 197,858 Tons 1,807 70 33 275 21 Belgium 225,701 346,743 Tons 651 45 42 1 13 France 212,403 356,528 Tons 596 4 7 24 12 United Kingdom 147,190 237,032 Tons 621 11 16 18 9 Germany 136,351 216,386 Tons 630 32 45 97 8 Canada 120,486 176,358 Tons 683 0 7 7 Japan 53,786 43,266 Tons 1,243 7 14 13 3 Spain 38,144 55,992 Tons 681 15 5 19 2 Switzerland 33,830 30,958 Tons 1,093 1 6 34 2 Saudi Arabia 31,578 21,742 Tons 1,452 -3 2 9 1 Sweden 22,704 29,373 Tons 773 1 4 21 1 United States of America 22,627 50,849 Cubic meters 445 29 66 1 Denmark 20,797 32,668 Tons 637 11 7 159 1 Ireland 18,925 23,092 Tons 820 4 22 -15 1 Italy 15,997 22,877 Tons 699 -1 9 9 0 Finland 15,310 13,150 Tons 1,164 -1 3 24 0 Austria 13,477 22,114 Tons 609 6 36 73 0 Portugal 7,938 10,385 Tons 764 4 7 34 0 Russian Federation 7,307 9,470 Tons 772 3 -2 14 0 Greece 6,323 11,672 Tons 542 7 6 35 0 Poland 6,033 6,093 Tons 990 13 8 46 0 Czech Republic 5,931 8,826 Tons 672 -15 -16 30 0 Hungary 5,404 5,397 Tons 1,001 -11 -5 76 0 Luxembourg 5,011 5,362 Tons 935 -2 3 -7 0 Belarus 4,699 6,562 Tons 716 42 55 159 0 Mexico 4,665 47,900 Tons 97 4 108 -24 0 Hong Kong (SARC) 3,919 5,822 Tons 673 -5 -1 -6 0 Ukraine 3,797 411 Tons 9,238 166 0 New Zealand 3,697 5,542 Cubic meters 667 44 73 0 Croatia 3,633 3,437 Tons 1,057 -17 -12 10 0 Singapore 3,631 5,942 Tons 611 -3 4 -14 0 West Asia not elsewhere specified 3,389 4,562 Tons 743 0 Slovakia 3,329 5,763 Tons 578 -24 -19 107 0 Guatemala 3,128 2,486 Tons 1,258 4 14 21 0 Honduras 3,089 2,595 Tons 1,190 29 40 67 0 Oman 2,736 2,764 Tons 990 126 0 Qatar 2,556 3,509 Tons 728 23 0 Romania 2,087 2,657 Tons 785 21 17 92 0 Philippines 2,002 2,981 Tons 672 -2 0
  • 19.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 19 Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 2nd in the Russian market, accounting for 8% of the country’s total imports of these products, after the Ukraine, which represents remaining 90%. Kazakhstan’s unit value of preserved fruits and nuts in Russia, of US$ 211 per ton, compared with US$ 228 per ton for the Ukraine. Potential new markets The Russian Federation ranks 18th in world imports of preserved fruits and nuts. The world’s largest importers are Japan and the United Kingdom and both their imports markets are declining. However, smaller importers, Yemen, Portugal, Germany, Kuwait and Austria are showing strong growth. Table 15. The world’s main importers of preserved fruits and nuts (HS081290) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 119,365 139,691 854 -10 5 -2 100 Japan 53,289 44,823 1,189 -17 0 -20 44 United Kingdom 16,614 18,216 912 -1 -1 5 13 United Arab Emirates 5,842 8,936 654 -6 -3 35 4 Yemen 5,402 14,001 386 58 69 43 4 Canada 3,839 3,662 1,048 -4 -1 34 3 Portugal 3,811 2,868 1,329 7 10 48 3 Germany 3,444 3,750 918 2 2 15 2 Kuwait 3,401 5,502 618 5 11 3 2 Austria 2,064 2,470 836 11 2 -3 1 United States of America 2,020 1,303 1,550 -11 -19 -25 1 Spain 1,781 2,668 668 42 85 31 1 Lebanon 1,616 2,976 543 14 21 48 1 France 1,596 1,905 838 36 53 124 1 Italy 1,458 1,488 980 16 34 -9 1 Singapore 928 463 2,004 22 19 230 0 Mexico 901 875 1,030 127 128 44950 0 Nepal 898 1,465 613 71 87 64 0 Russian Federation 803 3,519 228 -5 26 61 0 Moldova, Rep.of 784 4,273 183 0 Belgium 614 568 1,081 -33 -33 29 0 Ireland 566 557 1,016 9 14 17 0 Egypt 540 931 580 41 65 148 0 Netherlands 489 401 1,219 -15 -18 -55 0 Bangladesh 488 842 580 -1 6 154 0 Denmark 464 347 1,337 10 6 5 0 China 455 627 726 113 67 -9 0 Australia 431 355 1,214 -40 122 0 Norway 385 424 908 2 6 22 0 Hong Kong (SARC) 384 655 586 -8 3 252 0 Bahrain 325 491 662 9 11 127 0 Switzerland 263 236 1,114 -5 -3 92 0 Slovakia 262 842 311 25 67 134 0 South Africa 210 178 1,180 -1 0 Swaziland 210 11 19,091 1213 0 Romania 185 330 561 39 83 9150 0 Oman 180 195 923 1700 0 Saudi Arabia 176 253 696 45 34 -39 0 Taiwan, Province of (China) 173 211 820 5 -4 319 0 Croatia 165 368 448 -43 -21 -35 0
  • 20.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)20 Provisionally preserved vegetables (HS071190) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 51st in the world, Kazakhstan’s exports of provisionally preserved vegetables reached 20 tons in 2002, worth US$ 66,000. World imports declined by 3% on average per year in value between 1998 and 2002. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported provisionally prepared vegetables to Germany (see table16). Table 16. Kazakhstan’s exports of provisionally prepared vegetables (HS071190) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 22nd in the German market where the unit value of, US$ 3,300 per ton, is one of the highest amongst suppliers to Germany. Potential new markets Germany ranks 3rd in world imports of provisionally prepared vegetables. Other large importers are Japan, Italy, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. Table 17. The world’s main importers of vegetables (HS071190) in 2002 Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 66 100 20 3,300 144 -3 Germany 66 100 20 3,300 144 3 8 -8 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 252,649 292,177 865 -3 0 1 100 Japan 102,143 131,713 775 -6 -3 -7 40 Italy 37,022 19,411 1,907 4 6 -3 14 Germany 21,798 19,566 1,114 -8 -2 10 8 United Kingdom 11,001 14,230 773 42 29 123 4 Netherlands 10,379 8,783 1,182 4 -1 -1 4 United States of America 8,599 9,825 875 -4 -5 -12 3 France 7,230 6,231 1,160 -2 7 -6 2 Spain 6,036 8,305 727 11 21 -35 2 Taiwan, Province of (China) 5,269 9,446 558 12 18 33 2 Korea, Rep. of Korea 4,786 10,493 456 1 10 -1 1 Switzerland 3,730 2,226 1,676 -3 -2 -2 1 Ireland 3,632 3,879 936 38 49 10 1 Thailand 2,808 2,639 1,064 5 7 114 1 Belgium 2,414 3,369 717 16 46 77 0 Singapore 2,373 4,697 505 -9 -8 -3 0 Malaysia 2,293 6,016 381 -12 -5 -19 0 Australia 1,416 1,839 770 22 31 402 0 Canada 1,334 2,103 634 -20 -12 11 0 El Salvador 1,232 4,333 284 154 310 6744 0 China 1,172 1,704 688 38 36 55 0
  • 21.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 21 Source: ITC TradeMap Dried onions (HS071220) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 53rd in the world, Kazakhstan exported 45 tons of dried onions to Germany in 2002, worth US$ 60,000. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported dried onions only to Germany (see table 18). Table 18. Kazakhstan’s exports of dried onions (HS071220) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 18th in the German market. Its unit value for dried onions in Germany, of US$ 2,167 per ton, is higher than the average price of Germany’s imports of this product (US$ 1,921). Potential new markets Germany is the world’s largest importer of dried onions. Other significant importers are the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Japan and Canada. With the exception of Germany and Canada, all have declining markets. However, among smaller importers Indonesia, the United States, Malaysia, Thailand, the Côté d’Ivoire, Chile and China have shown strong import growth. Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 60 100 45 1,333 329 0 Germany 52 87 24 2,167 373 1 21 1 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% Austria 995 527 1,888 -6 -5 105 0 Brazil 905 1,220 742 -18 2 44 0 Denmark 847 981 863 9 21 55 0 Mexico 833 1,263 660 3 14 62 0 Poland 802 1,075 746 6 23 11 0 Lithuania 752 555 1,355 -11 -10 -38 0 Czech Republic 744 1,625 458 -29 -16 3 0 Finland 721 575 1,254 13 14 4 0 Portugal 650 942 690 58 86 110 0 Greece 558 707 789 13 22 89 0 Sweden 510 331 1,541 -19 -6 84 0 Belarus 465 626 743 65 69 -68 0 Bulgaria 391 501 780 71 87 96 0 Syrian Arab Republic 354 366 967 0 Guatemala 350 215 1,628 6 -3 -23 0 Romania 345 774 446 41 36 311 0 New Zealand 337 798 422 123 220 108 0 Maldives 334 443 754 -5 -8 -19 0 Slovenia 322 476 676 -23 -12 22 0
  • 22.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)22 Table 19. The world’s main importers of dried onions (HS071220) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Gherkins, prepared or preserved (HS200110) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 22nd in the world, Kazakhstan exported 199 tons of gherkins to the Russian Federation in 2002, worth US$ 50, 000. Exports of gherkins increased by 1% on average per year in value and by 17% on average per year in quantity between 1998 and 2002. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported gherkins only to the Russian Federation (see table 20). Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 184,647 132,903 1,389 0 8 10 100 Germany 39,089 20,347 1,921 1 7 16 21 United Kingdom 18,350 9,429 1,946 -5 -1 -6 9 Netherlands 14,147 8,659 1,634 -2 3 13 7 Japan 13,766 5,023 2,741 -3 -2 -1 7 Canada 12,616 5,835 2,162 1 0 1 6 Australia 5,910 2,815 2,099 3 4 8 3 France 4,848 3,133 1,547 2 17 33 2 Brazil 4,366 2,119 2,060 -1 4 -2 2 Belgium 4,164 3,915 1,064 4 5 6 2 Poland 3,910 2,516 1,554 1 5 54 2 Sweden 3,902 1,527 2,555 -6 -5 -4 2 Indonesia 3,634 1,836 1,979 23 9 -14 1 Denmark 3,164 1,449 2,184 13 12 53 1 Switzerland 3,032 1,199 2,529 -2 1 0 1 Austria 2,735 1,155 2,368 3 6 16 1 United States of America 2,635 2,155 1,223 24 62 108 1 Malaysia 2,631 9,378 281 30 58 48 1 Ireland 2,292 1,126 2,036 5 12 -10 1 Italy 2,198 1,603 1,371 -8 -2 18 1 Philippines 2,139 1,275 1,678 6 1 Israel 1,896 0 0 -6 1 New Zealand 1,881 774 2,430 10 5 7 1 Finland 1,860 815 2,282 -4 0 -4 1 Russian Federation 1,811 3,608 502 -12 19 40 0 Spain 1,698 1,481 1,147 -6 3 44 0 Norway 1,670 617 2,707 1 1 14 0 Mexico 1,508 18,131 83 19 151 27 0 Czech Republic 1,431 630 2,271 -2 1 14 0 Croatia 1,427 883 1,616 -16 -5 39 0 Singapore 1,325 685 1,934 5 -12 3 0 Colombia 1,184 661 1,791 0 13 15 0 Thailand 993 362 2,743 53 36 82 0 Côte d'Ivoire 985 366 2,691 33 32 -9 0 Korea, Rep. of Korea 981 854 1,149 0 6 123 0 Chile 951 0 26 50 0 South Africa 902 591 1,526 -10 0 China 878 576 1,524 21 48 105 0 Greece 862 2,223 388 8 58 22 0 Taiwan, Province of (China) 701 366 1,915 91 103 0 0
  • 23.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 23 Table 20. Kazakhstan’s exports of gherkins (HS200110) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 17th in the Russian market. Exports of gherkins to Russia increased by 1% on average per year in value and by 17% on average per year in quantity between 1998 and 2002. Russian imports of gherkins increased in value by 11% on average per year during this period Potential new markets The Russian Federation ranks 4th in world imports of gherkins. The world’s largest importers are Germany, France, and the United States. With the exception of France, these are all growing import markets. The highest unit values are paid in Ireland and Luxembourg, both countries have shown strong growth in the gherkin import market. Table 21. The world’s main importers of gherkins (HS200110) in 2002 Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 50 100 199 251 1 17 127 0 Russian Federation 50 100 199 251 1 17 127 4 9 11 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 234,341 373,394 628 0 8 8 100 Germany 36,500 48,140 758 3 6 28 15 France 34,867 33,918 1,028 -7 -1 3 14 United States of America 24,301 25,172 965 5 0 -3 10 Russian Federation 23,049 76,103 303 11 17 34 9 Netherlands 10,712 12,427 862 -20 -14 -19 4 United Kingdom 9,804 11,936 821 -8 -4 -6 4 Ireland 9,309 6,335 1,469 117 133 62 3 Belgium 8,526 11,744 726 -8 -9 -1 3 Korea, Rep. of Korea 5,990 6,204 966 10 15 -7 2 Canada 5,444 6,851 795 -11 -11 -17 2 Spain 5,235 6,537 801 3 6 12 2 Japan 5,207 4,845 1,075 4 4 -11 2 Austria 4,489 6,360 706 0 -14 8 1 Denmark 4,378 6,290 696 -1 10 -2 1 Switzerland 3,774 3,129 1,206 9 12 21 1 Sweden 3,690 4,104 899 6 7 17 1 Australia 3,001 3,859 778 -5 3 50 1 Italy 2,850 3,597 792 -3 7 39 1 Croatia 2,676 3,295 812 18 31 78 1 Kuwait 2,465 4,458 553 6 12 27 1 Mexico 1,909 52,718 36 12 148 21 0 Latvia 1,727 3,691 468 37 32 16 0 Estonia 1,658 2,753 602 23 35 17 0 United Arab Emirates 1,533 2,588 592 18 10 15 0 Finland 1,498 1,372 1,092 34 42 39 0
  • 24.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)24 Source: ITC TradeMap ‘Mixed vegetables not frozen’ (HS200590) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 94th in the world, Kazakhstan exported 89 tons of ‘mixed vegetables not frozen’ to the Russian Federation in 2002, worth US$ 46, 000. World imports increased by 3% on average per year in value between 1998 and 2002. In 2002 Kazakhstan exported ‘mixed vegetables not frozen’ to the Russian Federation (see table 22). Table 22. Kazakhstan’s exports of ‘mixed vegetables not frozen’ (HS200590) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 14th in the Russian market, accounting for 1% of the country’s total imports of these products. Kazakhstan’s unit value for ‘mixed vegetables not frozen’ in Russia, of US$ 517 per ton, is higher than the average price of all suppliers to the Russian market (Italy, Spain, Uzbekistan and Yugoslavia). Potential new markets The Russian Federation ranks 22nd in world imports of ‘mixed vegetables not frozen’. The world’s largest importers are Japan, The United States, Germany, the United Kingdom, France, Canada, Belgium and the Netherlands. With the exception of Germany, these are large and growing import markets. The Bahamas, Spain, Taiwan and the United Arab Emirates have shown the strongest growth in imports. The highest average value per unit was paid by Switzerland. Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 46 100 89 517 -69 3 Russian Federation 46 100 89 517 -69 22 0 -15 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% Czech Republic 1,439 3,274 440 33 36 6 0 Israel 1,417 0 43 42 0 New Zealand 1,179 1,296 910 -7 -13 5 0 Saudi Arabia 1,079 1,944 555 31 31 -16 0 Hong Kong (SARC) 907 790 1,148 26 29 16 0 Belarus 905 1,857 487 9 29 -13 0 Greece 891 864 1,031 9 9 23 0 Lithuania 885 1,474 600 -1 -2 -35 0 Luxembourg 808 437 1,849 7 6 3 0 Slovenia 747 1,082 690 13 14 8 0 Poland 722 945 764 8 6 -25 0 Slovakia 650 1,258 517 1 4 -43 0 Romania 545 980 556 -18 -27 -11 0 Portugal 539 579 931 7 16 18 0
  • 25.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 25 Table 23. The world’s main importers of ‘mixed vegetables not frozen’ (HS200590) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Dried, shelled beans (HS071339) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 56th in the world, Kazakhstan exported 57 tons of dried beans in 2002, worth US$ 36,000. World imports increased by 8% on average per year in value between 1998-2002. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported dried beans to Germany and Turkey (see table 24). Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 1,263,476 0 3 8 8 100 Japan 287,308 230,651 1,246 7 8 3 22 United States of America 204,074 188,383 1,083 1 6 7 16 Germany 144,191 185,156 779 -2 0 8 11 United Kingdom 83,497 68,608 1,217 5 24 24 6 France 72,008 65,600 1,098 6 4 27 5 Canada 62,705 70,499 889 5 6 -7 4 Belgium 55,626 48,583 1,145 4 -3 17 4 Netherlands 35,287 29,263 1,206 11 10 37 2 Spain 27,343 22,309 1,226 17 17 28 2 Italy 22,317 22,245 1,003 8 13 -2 1 Oman 18,223 30,283 602 62 1 Sweden 16,919 13,097 1,292 6 11 36 1 Hong Kong (SARC) 13,975 21,670 645 0 2 -9 1 Saudi Arabia 13,441 32,200 417 2 12 7 1 Australia 12,423 10,915 1,138 -3 3 9 0 Special categories 12,241 13,694 894 -26 -16 -16 0 Switzerland 11,142 4,775 2,333 4 6 25 0 Mexico 10,765 91,125 118 4 83 -7 0 Austria 10,042 8,969 1,120 12 16 5 0 Bahamas 9,728 7,955 1,223 60 53 71 0 Denmark 8,816 5,350 1,648 -2 1 0 0 Russian Federation 8,530 28,653 298 -15 -3 -4 0 Greece 5,847 5,855 999 13 20 20 0 Ireland 5,373 4,323 1,243 14 18 28 0 Portugal 4,636 4,794 967 12 0 11 0 Korea, Rep. of Korea 4,379 5,858 748 20 36 29 0 Luxembourg 4,360 2,544 1,714 2 0 13 0 Israel 3,813 0 2 0 0 Taiwan, Province of (China) 3,666 4,062 903 17 19 3 0 United Arab Emirates 3,657 6,787 539 16 21 19 0 Singapore 3,382 3,525 959 -5 -6 -12 0 New Zealand 3,193 2,348 1,360 2 -6 3 0 Czech Republic 3,184 5,884 541 6 2 58 0 Malaysia 2,665 7,165 372 0 3 2 0 Norway 2,507 1,943 1,290 1 3 -6 0 Qatar 2,436 2,837 859 13 0 Croatia 2,410 2,159 1,116 9 12 26 0 Area Nes 2,346 1,411 1,663 9 -1 -48 0 Finland 2,300 1,334 1,724 -11 -7 -7 0
  • 26.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)26 Table 24. Kazakhstan’s exports of dried, shelled beans (HS071339) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 16th in the German market, accounting for 1% of the country’s total imports. Kazakhstan’s unit value for dried beans in Germany, of US$ 889 per ton, is higher than the average price amongst all the suppliers to the German market (Turkey, China, The United States, Spain, Peru, Thailand, Canada, Argentina, Chile and the Ukraine). Kazakhstan ranks 7th in the Turkish market, accounting for 1% of the country’s total imports after China, Iran, Canada, Argentina, Kyrgyzstan and Egypt. The unit value for dried beans in Turkey, of US$ 522 per ton, is higher than Iran but lower than the average price of all suppliers in the Turkish market (China, Canada, Kyrgyzstan, Argentina and Egypt). Potential new markets Germany and Turkey rank 26th and 25th respectively in world imports of dried beans. The world’s largest importers are the United States, India, Japan and Haiti. In India and the United States the markets are growing, however, in Japan and Haiti they are declining. The fastest growing market, by far, is in Ireland, followed by Guinea, Zambia and Columbia. Table 25. The world’s main importers of dried, shelled beans (HS071339) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 36 100 57 632 -29 8 Germany 16 44 18 889 26 0 6 Turkey 12 33 23 522 71 25 0 -5 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 282,642 588,442 480 8 11 16 100 United States of America 64,815 111,713 580 45 46 41 22 India 45,512 172,421 264 37 44 42 16 Japan 18,344 32,533 564 -7 -4 -6 6 Haiti 10,003 15,163 660 -2 -10 -15 3 Mozambique 9,279 15,782 588 -1 3 Canada 8,957 11,492 779 4 -4 25 3 Zimbabwe 8,484 0 16535 3 Algeria 8,381 17,701 473 22 26 -46 2 France 7,787 11,389 684 2 4 -5 2 Malaysia 7,626 19,393 393 6 6 -6 2 Italy 7,363 12,904 571 38 57 102 2 Dominican Republic 7,357 12,208 603 3 0 -15 2 United Kingdom 6,890 9,714 709 -2 0 11 2 Angola 6,728 14,630 460 45 50 11 2 Greece 3,844 4,411 871 19 19 93 1 Singapore 3,727 9,717 384 -28 -28 15 1 South Africa 3,113 8,139 382 111 1 Indonesia 3,110 11,115 280 10 4 72 1 Spain 2,970 4,382 678 -22 -20 -51 1 Zambia 2,778 703 3,952 76 32 8581 0 Colombia 2,666 4,221 632 72 103 4661 0 Sri Lanka 2,408 7,087 340 -10 0 Malawi 2,129 3,466 614 1175 0 Korea, Rep. of Korea 1,917 7,025 273 -7 -2 4 0
  • 27.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 27 Dried apricots (HS081310) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 42nd in the world, Kazakhstan’s exports of dried apricots reached 57 tons in 2002, worth US$ 36, 000. Exports of dried apricots decreased by 34% on average per year in value and by 15% on average per year in quantity between 1998 and 2002. World imports decreased by 4% on average per year in value during this time In 2002, Kazakhstan exported dried apricots to China and the Russian Federation (see table 26). Table 26. Kazakhstan’s exports of dried apricots (HS081310) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 2nd in the Chinese market, accounting for 8% of the country’s total imports after Turkey. Kazakhstan’s unit value for dried apricots in China, of US$ 750 per ton, is the highest amongst all suppliers to China. Kazakhstan ranks 8th in the Russian market. Its export value decreased by 34% on average per year between 1998 and 2002. Russian imports of dried apricots increased by 13% on average per year during this period. Kazakhstan’s unit value for dried apricots in Russia, of US$ 545 per ton, is higher than the average price amongst all suppliers to the Russian market (Tajikistan, Iran and Turkey). Potential new markets China and the Russian Federation rank 46th and 5th in world imports of dried apricots. The world’s largest importers are the United States, the United Kingdom, France and Germany. The markets have been fluctuating in terms of import values, but in terms of quantity imports have increased. Strong growth, both in quality and quantity was shown in Slovakia, Finland, Greece and Mexico. After the Ukraine, average unit values are the highest in Switzerland. Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 36 100 57 632 -34 -15 -51 -4 China 18 50 24 750 46 0 276 Russian Federation 18 50 33 545 -34 -15 -51 5 5 13
  • 28.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)28 Table 27. The world’s main importers of dried apricots (HS081310) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Dried mushrooms (HS071230) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 59th in the world, Kazakhstan’s exports of dried mushrooms reached 2 tons in 2002, worth US$ 34, 000. World imports declined by 5% on average per year in value between 1998 and 2002. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported dried mushrooms only to Germany (see table 28). Table 28. Kazakhstan’s exports of dried mushrooms (HS071230) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 34 100 2 17,000 -5 Germany 34 100 2 17,000 6 6 0 Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 163,152 107,061 1,524 -4 14 21 100 United States of America 31,414 16,951 1,853 -6 5 45 19 United Kingdom 18,122 9,153 1,980 -8 4 18 11 France 15,870 7,134 2,225 -4 7 66 9 Germany 15,397 8,160 1,887 -5 6 44 9 Russian Federation 9,371 26,937 348 13 50 -41 5 Australia 8,818 5,677 1,553 -3 10 15 5 Netherlands 4,994 2,512 1,988 -13 -4 29 3 Switzerland 4,617 1,251 3,691 -6 -1 18 2 Canada 4,138 2,287 1,809 -6 4 6 2 Japan 3,759 1,037 3,625 -6 -1 -20 2 Spain 3,180 1,424 2,233 -6 5 52 1 New Zealand 3,101 1,546 2,006 -6 4 6 1 Poland 2,833 1,474 1,922 11 14 99 1 Italy 2,665 1,081 2,465 -11 -3 58 1 India 2,559 1,951 1,312 3 10 20 1 Belgium 2,327 1,163 2,001 -2 12 67 1 Denmark 2,105 932 2,259 -3 5 39 1 Greece 2,045 690 2,964 17 25 156 1 Brazil 1,813 761 2,382 -11 -1 37 1 Mexico 1,802 2,080 866 16 49 27 1 Egypt 1,712 917 1,867 -9 4 47 1 Czech Republic 1,643 1,079 1,523 5 26 70 1 Sweden 1,546 755 2,048 -9 2 18 0 Israel 1,404 0 -17 -44 0 Slovakia 1,068 414 2,580 34 38 154 0 Ukraine 1,065 249 4,277 -21 0 Turkey 1,051 808 1,301 -9 4 -6 0 Austria 1,049 364 2,882 -1 5 6 0 Norway 983 419 2,346 -5 4 18 0 Free Zones 905 395 2,291 20 27 -14 0 Finland 827 303 2,729 -11 -3 42 0 Iraq 744 952 782 29 29 -41 0 Lithuania 728 829 878 11 53 18 0 Latvia 595 588 1,012 -1 21 1 0 Portugal 512 201 2,547 -6 0 85 0 Slovenia 464 191 2,429 1 16 30 0 United Arab Emirates 446 234 1,906 10 17 51 0 Singapore 419 229 1,830 -10 0 -49 0 Saudi Arabia 411 539 763 -9 5 49 0
  • 29.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 29 Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 23rd in the German market. Kazakhstan’s unit value for dried mushrooms of US$ 17,000 per ton higher than the average price amongst all suppliers in the German market (Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Taiwan, Russia, Italy and Hungary). Potential new markets Germany ranks 6th in world imports of dried mushrooms. The world’s largest importers are Japan, Hong Kong, Italy, France, the United States and Switzerland. These are large import markets, but values have been declining. Much smaller but strongly growing import markets are Thailand, Viet Nam, Turkey and Romania. Switzerland has by far the highest unit value per ton. Table 29. The world’s main importers of dried mushrooms (HS071230) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 309,623 0 -5 3 6 100 Japan 86,665 11,356 7,632 -5 0 1 27 Hong Kong (SARC) 41,677 9,316 4,474 -10 4 38 13 Italy 35,062 2,343 14,965 -6 3 -12 11 France 22,983 1,752 13,118 -6 -2 26 7 United States of America 19,794 2,451 8,076 -2 3 28 6 Germany 19,124 2,039 9,379 0 6 -14 6 Switzerland 12,987 422 30,775 -9 -6 -7 4 Singapore 10,623 1,906 5,573 -4 -3 28 3 United Kingdom 6,902 1,070 6,450 -3 7 6 2 Korea, Rep. of Korea 5,506 1,745 3,155 6 2 14 1 Malaysia 5,161 3,940 1,310 -16 18 8 1 Poland 4,770 510 9,353 -6 -7 -14 1 Canada 4,712 948 4,970 3 -2 9 1 Netherlands 4,318 426 10,136 4 2 27 1 Thailand 4,115 895 4,598 26 18 42 1 Spain 2,310 471 4,904 15 33 -10 0 Australia 2,240 306 7,320 -2 -2 18 0 Austria 2,132 116 18,379 -10 -45 23 0 Belgium 1,822 461 3,952 15 75 16 0 Norway 1,074 44 24,409 -2 -1 0 0 Viet Nam 1,009 341 2,959 50 35 32 0 Taiwan, Province of (China) 958 354 2,706 0 14 10 0 Israel 866 0 -7 11 0 Turkey 774 403 1,921 12 53 18 0 Yugoslavia 774 56 13,821 -3 5 -48 0 Sweden 721 115 6,270 2 29 75 0 Brazil 571 121 4,719 -16 4 -19 0 Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of 556 137 4,058 41 47 -71 0 Philippines 546 361 1,512 17 0 Indonesia 542 453 1,196 16 -4 67 0 Romania 518 43 12,047 166 127 0 Czech Republic 493 59 8,356 -2 0 29 0 Denmark 491 99 4,960 -6 2 -13 0 New Zealand 481 69 6,971 18 21 31 0 Russian Federation 452 206 2,194 20 48 49 0 Croatia 446 22 20,273 7 10 40 0 Slovenia 384 24 16,000 -18 -15 -47 0 Macau 334 186 1,796 1 10 28 0 Slovakia 294 18 16,333 12 12 4 0
  • 30.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)30 Preserved Vegetables, fruits and nuts (HS200190) Kazakhstan’s performance in the world market Ranked 85th in the world, Kazakhstan’s export of vegetables, fruits and nuts reached 100 tons in 2002, worth US$ 32, 000. Exports of these products expanded by 28% on average per year in value and by 40% on average per year in quantity between 1998 and 2002. World imports increased by 10% in value year-on-year during this period. In 2002, Kazakhstan exported vegetables, fruits and nuts to the Russian Federation (see table 30). Table 30. Kazakhstan’s exports of vegetables, fruit, nuts (HS200190) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Main competitor countries on the world market Kazakhstan ranks 19th in the Russian market, it increased its market value in Russia at 28% on average per year between 1998 and 2002. Russian imports of these products decreased by 5% on average per year during this period. Kazakhstan’s unit value for vegetables, fruits and nuts in Russia, of US$ 320 per ton, is higher than the average price amongst all suppliers to the Russian market (Bulgaria, Hungary, Uzbekistan, Viet Nam, Armenia and Tajikistan). Potential new markets The Russian Federation ranks 14th in world imports of vegetables, fruits and nuts. The world’s largest importers are the United States, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, Canada, Saudi Arabia and France. The United Kingdom, together with Israel, Mexico, Ireland and Korea also belong to the fastest growing markets. Importers Exported value 2002 in US$ thousand Share in Kazakhstan's exports, % Exported quantity 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Export trend in value between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export trend in quantity between 98- 02, %, p.a. Export growth in value between 01- 02, %, p.a. Ranking of partner countries in world imports Share of partner countries in world imports, % Total import growth in value of partner countries between 98-02, %, p.a. Total 32 100 100 320 28 40 -52 10 Russian Federation 32 100 100 320 28 40 -52 14 1 -5
  • 31.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 31 Table 31. The world’s main importers of vegetables, fruit, nuts (HS200190) in 2002 Source: ITC TradeMap Importers Value imported in 2002 in US$ thousand Qty imported in 2002 (tons) Unit value (US$ per unit) Annual growth in value between 98- 02,% Annual growth in quantity between 98-02,% Annual growth in value between 01- 02,% Share in world imports% World estimation 589,617 0 10 12 13 100 United States of America 180,045 170,293 1,057 12 10 10 30 Germany 83,158 92,533 899 11 14 27 14 Japan 32,806 27,015 1,214 14 14 11 5 United Kingdom 29,216 25,015 1,168 18 25 6 4 Canada 24,996 25,989 962 12 11 55 4 Saudi Arabia 21,142 25,877 817 9 14 5 3 France 20,839 13,906 1,499 4 1 25 3 Italy 17,872 15,486 1,154 11 14 -16 3 Netherlands 16,961 16,663 1,018 11 13 27 2 Belgium 15,715 17,586 894 7 14 10 2 Switzerland 12,323 5,618 2,193 -1 6 16 2 Austria 11,027 8,832 1,249 10 14 4 1 Sweden 9,401 7,052 1,333 5 5 19 1 Russian Federation 8,114 23,736 342 -5 2 3 1 Denmark 7,981 9,187 869 3 12 11 1 Spain 7,657 8,001 957 9 19 4 1 Australia 7,589 4,201 1,806 7 11 28 1 Korea, Rep. of Korea 5,769 8,971 643 28 25 8 0 Ireland 5,311 3,667 1,448 21 23 13 0 Hong Kong (SARC) 4,905 2,697 1,819 0 -5 -20 0 Singapore 3,612 2,445 1,477 -3 -1 4 0 Poland 3,373 4,814 701 -6 -1 -9 0 Portugal 3,231 2,291 1,410 5 8 26 0 Czech Republic 3,204 5,112 627 7 9 53 0 Norway 3,054 1,337 2,284 -9 -11 -27 0 Israel 2,933 0 35 125 0 Mexico 2,370 21,870 108 29 139 40 0 United Arab Emirates 2,343 2,318 1,011 -1 2 -7 0 Finland 2,229 1,570 1,420 12 10 51 0 Bermuda 1,943 1,970 986 0 3 513 0 Greece 1,929 1,541 1,252 1 5 9 0 New Zealand 1,878 1,223 1,536 7 4 64 0 Slovakia 1,856 2,689 690 -1 1 12 0 Croatia 1,741 1,845 944 7 15 82 0 Costa Rica 1,687 1,082 1,559 4 6 17 0 Kuwait 1,634 1,194 1,369 -1 2 103 0 Brazil 1,605 1,236 1,299 0 6 7 0 Slovenia 1,429 1,334 1,071 23 20 57 0 Qatar 1,223 1,467 834 10 0
  • 32.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)32 C. Further market opportunities for fruits and vegetables While this report focused mainly on processed fruit and vegetables as food products, there are additional market opportunities for fruit and vegetable products. Increased demand for food ingredients in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, as well as natural food additives, provides for growing niche markets, in which Kazakh products seem to participate. Below are brief descriptions of export opportunities in these markets, given the range of fruit and vegetable products grown in Kazakhstan. Cosmetics There are no exact figures about the volume of fruit and vegetable products used by the cosmetic industry. But demand for natural ingredients is growing, as consumers have become more sophisticated and interested in natural products. Mass producers as well as up-market brands shift their production increasingly to the use of natural ingredients. The EU is the world’s largest producer of cosmetic products, followed by the United States and Japan. Products included in that category are raw plant material (HS 12), vegetable saps and extracts (HS 13), vegetable (and animal) derived oils, fats and waxes (HS 15), essential oil and oleoresins (HS 3301), colouring matter of vegetable or animal origin (HS 3203). Some examples of ingredients based on fruit and vegetables grown in Kazakhstan are: • Almond oil/ almond butter are products widely used in natural cosmetics, soap- making and perfumes. They are derived from almond kernels and serve as an odourless base. • Apricot Kernel Oil can be used on its own or in massage products as well as for lip balms and cream. • Oil derived from carrots or carrot seeds both serve for regeneration and nutrition of the skin. • Grape seed Oil is a very light and odourless oil, used widely in massage products, either alone or mixed with almond oil. • Hazelnut oil is widely used for massage products, as well as for hair care and cream/lotion formulas. • Honey has been used since Egyptian times as ingredient for medicines and cosmetic purposes. • Walnut shells, ground into a fine powder, used in skin creams, sun products or hair colors. Pharmaceuticals As for cosmetics, it is not possible to give exact figures for the use of food industry products in pharmaceuticals, because statistics do not specify medical and other uses individually. The EU is one of the world’s largest producers of natural pharmaceuticals. Natural pharmaceutical products consist of plants and parts of plants (including seeds) (HS 1211), medicinal and vegetable saps and extracts (HS 1302 1991), and vegetable alkaloids (HS 2939). A range of natural products used by the pharmaceutical industry, which have no medicinal activity; are mainly the same as the ones used for cosmetics (see above). In addition to that essential oils are widely used for medicines purposes, e.g. Lemon Essential Oil.
  • 33.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 33 Food additives Food additives are substances added to foods to perform a specific function. These functions include preserving the food and changing the appearance or taste of the food (by adding colour or flavour). Natural additives are substances found naturally in a foodstuff and are extracted from this food to be used in another. E.g. Beetroot juice with its bright purple colour can be used to colour foods such as sweets. Walnut shells are used as flavour or colour for liquor production. Summary As mentioned above, all of these are worldwide growing niche markets. As part of the demand on these markets consists of “rest products”, which develop in processing fruit and vegetables (dried apricots consumer / apricot kernel cosmetic industry), such export opportunities should be taken into consideration.
  • 34.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC)34 METHODOLOGY Data source and nomenclatures The analysis is based on the Harmonised System (HS) nomenclature of products, and is carried out at a six-digit level (approximately 5,100 categories of products are covered). The aggregate nature of the trade flow analysis can overstate the export potential, since products within the same six-digit level group might not be perfect substitutes. Calculations made at the product level are based on statistics extracted from the COMTRADE database of the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD). COMTRADE has detailed trade statistics at the product level. The results of the trade flow analysis are based on the most recent available data. The growth rates listed in the tables are calculated on an annual basis over the 1998-2002 period. Interpretation and limitations Although trade statistics provide a useful starting point for market research and assessing trade performance, they present some limitations: • Trade statistics do not fully capture all the transactions taking place between countries, owing to compilation errors and omissions, smuggling and the non-reporting of transactions. Different reporting standards amongst countries can exacerbate the problems of non- comparability of data between countries; • Trade statistics occasionally include re-exports, which can artificially inflate the extent of trade; • Even at the lowest level of desegregation, differentiated products exist within product groups; • With respect to this particular study, only Kyrgyzstan reported its 2002 trade data to UNSD. Therefore, ITC used mirror statistics to evaluate the other countries’ trade flows. This method is a second-best solution since trade with other non-reporting countries is not recorded. There is also the problem of trans-shipments, which may mask the actual source of supply. Finally, mirror statistics invert the reporting standards by evaluating exports in c.i.f. terms and imports in f.o.b. terms; • Trade statistics refer to the total value of transactions, which may be very different from local value added; • Exchange rates fluctuations can affect the value of dollar denominated trade statistics, which may not result from changes in volumes;
  • 35.
    KAZAKH EXPORTS ANDEXPORT OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROCESSED FRUIT AND VEGETABLES International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO (ITC) 35 • Services are not included in the trade statistics used in this study. In view of the aforementioned shortcomings, trade statistics should not be used as the only source for evaluating regional trade potential. It should be emphasized that statistical trade data do not always capture supply and demand characteristics in the commercial sense. The outcome of a trade flow analysis as described in this working document therefore needs to be validated at company levels. Definitions Descriptive statistical measures were used on production. The arithmetic mean is calculated as the sum of all observations divided by the total number of observations. It provides us with an indicator of what, on average, would be the value of production in the past. Formally: X X n i i n = = ∑1 where X is the arithmetic mean, Xi i n = ∑1 is the summation of all observations Xi and n is the sample size. Growth rates have been calculated on the basis of average annual percentage changes. They are based on a model of continuous exponential growth between two points of time. Formally: ( )G X X n t n t= −       ×− 1 100 where G is the exponential growth rate between the first period point Xt and last period point Xn, to the root of the number of intervals between these two points. Value and quantity terms have been analyzed in order to ascertain a country’s trade opportunities. Comparisons between countries’ export unit prices have also been used. Unfavorable terms of trade might result from lower product quality, lower negotiating power, unfavorable market timing for launching a product or the accumulation of stocks. Caution should also be applied to statistics on quantities since these are more difficult to collect and are likely to suffer from higher statistical errors.