Traffic volume-study

TRAFFIC VOLUME STUDY
CE : 452
Course Name : Transportation
Engineering Lab-II
Course Teachers : Minhajul Islam Khan,
Nuzhat Azra
Welcome To The Presentation On

Group Members
Group 5
TANJIN MUNIRA KHAN 11.01.03.081
MD. NAZMUL HUDA 11.01.03.084
SHAMS TANVINA 11.01.03.089
TAHMINA FERDOUS 11.01.03.111
NURUN NAHAR HIMIKA 11.01.03.117
SAMARA ZERIN 11.01.03.121
TAREQ HASAN 11.01.03.127
S.M.MAROOF HASAN NAHIN 10.02.03.093

Theoretical Studies
 What is traffic volume studies:
Traffic volume study means determining the number, movement and
Classification of Roadway vehicle at a given location or point of traffic
stream. So it is defined as the procedure to determine mainly volume of traffic
moving on the roads at a particular section during a particular time.

 Scope of Traffic Volume Study:
Scope of
traffic study
General
information for
road conditions,
users & surrounding
areas
Keeping record of
pavement
performance &
Maintenance.
A ranking system
to prioritize
maintenance
needs
A summary of the
overall condition of
the pavements in
any area of the
road section.
Helpful for special
design, use of
materials or
construction
projects.
A uniform rating
system for each
side.

Objectives of Traffic Volume Study:
1.General Objectives :
Geometric Design
Roadway traffic Design
Planning Purpose
Improvement Purpose
Dynamic traffic management purpose
2. Specific Objective:
Determination of vehicle composition in traffic stream.
To determine service flow rate in PCU/PCE unit.
Estimation of Average daily traffic (ADT) using expansion factors.
To determine directional distribution (DD).
To illustrate flow fluctuation curves.

Some keywords related to the study:
Volume, Demand, Capacity, Rate of Flow, Average Daily Traffic (ADT),Average Annual
Daily Traffic (AADT),Average Weekly Traffic (AWT),Annual Weekday Traffic
(AAWT),Expansion Factor, Peak hour factor ,PHF = hourly volume/maximum rate of flow,
Design Hourly Volume, Interrupted flow: ,Uninterrupted flow, Saturation flow, Service flow
rate, Free flow, Forced flow, Stable/ Steady flow, Unstable flow, Peak flow, Off-peak flow,
Tidal flow, Contra flow, VMT (Vehicle Miles Traveled) or VKT (Vehicle Kilometers
Traveled),PCU/PCE
 Relative formulas used for the study:

Methods of traffic volume study:

Equipments Used For Automatic Counting Method:
1.Pnematic Tubes 2. Weigh-In-Motion Sensor Types

3. Vehicles counting by video camera (a) 3. Vehicles counting by video camera (b)

4. Typical layout of traffic loops on the road surface 5. Traffic counters

6. Bending plate and pneumatic road tube 7. Automatic traffic recorders

9. Automatic counting station secured and 10. A speed, axle and traffic flow data collection
station with a lockable counting equipment box.
operated by solar power

Equipments Used For Manual Counting Method:
1.Mechanical counting boards

2. Electrical counting board: 3.Vehicle counting software

Factors affecting vehicle counting:
Weather conditions.
Purpose of the traffic counting.
Method of traffic counting.
Location of the counting sites.
Traffic flow level.
Road type.
Traffic composition.

Practical studies:
 Data collection procedure:
Location
Selection
Distribution of
the Work
Preparations
For Collecting
Data
Reconnaissance
survey
Survey design Trial Survey Problem
Identification
Adjustment into
Survey Design Final Survey

Location and data collection method:
Location : Panthpath to Russel Square
Method: Manual data collection method was used.

Result of group 5: (at a glance)
Traffic Volume Study
Station Name: Near Russel Square Intersection
Direction: West to East Time: 9am-10am
Surveyors group: Group 5 Weather condition: Hot, Sunny humid day
Date: 16th November 2014 Day: Thursday
Fig: Vehicle counting
VEHICLE CLASSIFICATION OBSERVATION IN 30 MIN
Bus 4
CNG 159
Car 254
Jeep, Microbus, Ambulance 246
Motorcycle 114
NMV 220
Utility 22
Truck 0

Fig: Vehicle comparison in pie chart
16% 0%
25%
24%
0%
22%
2%
11%
Number of Vehicles
CNG
Bus
Car
Jeep,
Microbus,
Ambulance
Truck

Types of Vehicle PCU factor PCU factor (Total
Vehicle in 30 min)
Flow(PCU) in 30
min (Actual value)
Service flow factor(PCU in
1 hr)
Bus 3 4 12 24
CNG 0.5 159 79.3 159
Car 1 254 254 508
Jeep, Microbus, Ambulance 1.5 246 369 738
Motorcycle 0.25 114 28.5 57
NMV 0.5
220
110 220
Utility 1.5 22 33 66
Truck 0 0 0
Service Flow rate 1772 PCU/hr
Fig. Service Flow Rate Calculation

HEF
Value Time
18.80 9:00 am - 10:00 am
17.11 10:00 am - 11:00 am
18.52 11:00am – 12:00 pm
Estimation of Average Daily Traffic (ADT):
From Survey data,
Group 1: 1263 PCU/hr
Group 3 : 1455 PCU/hr
Group 6 : 1722 PCU/hr
Estimated 24-hours volume for Thursday using HEF (Hourly expansion factor) = (1772*18.80+1533*17.11+1722*18.52)/3
= 30478.22
From 24- hours volume for Thursday estimated volume for the work using DEF* (Daily expansion factor) total 7 days volume
= 30478.22*7.012
= 213713.278
So,
ADT ( 24 hours volume) West to East direction= 213713.278/7
= 30530.47 PCU = 30531 PCU (Rounded)
Table: 5.4 Hourly Expansion Factor
*DEF = 7.012 for Thursday.

Directional Distribution
46%
54%
Directional Distribution
E to W
w TO E

6.1Estimation of % ADT at Each direction:
East To West ( Panthapoth to Russel Square)
Table 5.6.1
Group
No
Location Time Service flow
rate
(PCU/hr)
ADT
(PCU) % ADT
1
Near Panthapath
Intersection
9:00 am -
10:00 am
1263
25532
4.955
2
Near Health and Hope
Hospital
10:00 am -
11:00 am
1480 5.797
3
Near Russel Square
Intersection
11:00am –
12:00 pm
1455 5.699
From
Group No 1. 1263 PCU/hr
West To East (Russel Square to Panthapoth)
Table 5.6.2
Group No Location Time Service flow
rate
(PCU/hr)
ADT
(PCU) % ADT
4
Near Russel Square
Intersection
11:00am –
12:00 pm
1772
30531
5.804
5
Near Health and Hope
Hospital
10:00 am -
11:00 am
1533 5.021

 Limitations:
 This volume study was practiced by un-skilled enumerators, which may lead to some error in data
collection process.
 Data were collected for 30 minutes by each group, although it is assumed that the data collected for three
hours actually it is counted for only one hour which may not represent the hourly fluctuation of traffic.
 AADT was calculated using expansion factors. These expansion factors established based on data collected
in a rural road of Sweden, the actual daily expansion factors will be much different from what is used. So
they will not give actual ADT.
 Data collected by manual method of counting, which is unreliable and irreversible
Recommendation:
 Trained and skilled enumerators should collect data which is first requirement of Manual counting
 Automatic counting system should be introduced for more reliable data.
 Actual expansion factor should be introduced for Dhaka city
 For design purpose minimum 3 days Data should be collect.
 Before final survey reconnaissance survey or pilot survey is necessary.

Special Observation:
All the procedure, methods, equipments were
recommendation from AASHTO(American Association
of State Highway and Transportation Officials). As the
roadway condition, vehicle types, users, surrounding
areas, weather all the things are different from the
AASHTO code, so we should develop our own code or
follow the neighboring country’s code.

Traffic volume-study

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Traffic volume-study