Treaty of Versailles PPT.pptxBBBBBBBBBBB

Treaty of Versailles PPT.pptxBBBBBBBBBBB

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  The Treaty of Versailles:A Turning Point in History The Treaty of Versailles, signed in 1919, marked the end of World War I. It forever changed Germany, Europe, and the world.
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  Context and Signatories 1 THEGREAT WAR IS OVER! 2 Peace Talks In January of 1919, peace talks began at the Palace of Versailles outside Paris. The US president Woodrow Wilson, British Prime Minister David Lloyd George, French Premier George Clemenceau and Italian Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando 3 Signing of the Treaty The Treaty of Versailles was signed on June 28, 1919, by representatives of Germany and the Allied powers.
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  Key Goals ofthe Treaty 1.Punishment of Germany The treaty aimed to punish Germany for its role in the war, imposing severe penalties on the nation, territorial, political and military. 2. Reparations Under the treaty´s terms, Germany owed the Allias billions of dollars in reparations, or payments for war damages. 3. Give up territory Germany give up terriory in Europe as well as overseas colonies. The treaty greatly reduced Germany´s armed forces. 4. League of Nations Britain and France were the most powerful members. The objetive of the League was peace by collective security, the members of the league would act together against any country that avoid peace. The USA never joined the League due to diagreements between the President Wilson and the Senate of USA.
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  Press
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  Territorial Losses andImpact on Germany Alsace-Lorraine Alsace-Lorraine, a region bordering France, was returned to French control, impacting Germany's industrial capacity and cultural identity. Saar Basin The Saar Basin, rich in coal and other resources, was placed under League of Nations administration for 15 years. Polish Corridor The Polish Corridor was established to connect Poland to the Baltic Sea, dividing East Prussia from the rest of Germany and hindering economic ties.
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  Polish corridor The PolishCorridor (also known as the Danzig Corridor) is best known as a strip of land that provided the Second Republic of Poland (1920–1939) with access to the Baltic Sea, thus dividing the main body of Germany (Weimar Republic) from the province of East Prussia (See The Map Below!) Between 1920-1939, Danzig was separate from both Poland and Germany as a semi-autonomous state overseen by the League of Nations (now the United Nations).
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  Military Restrictions on Germany Limitations 1.Army reduced to 100,000 men 2. No conscription 3. No air force 4. Navy restrictions Demilitarization 1. Rhineland as a buffer zone 2. Restrictions on military fortifications 3. Limited production of military
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  Reparations and Economic Impact Reparations Demanded Germanywas ordered to pay reparations to the Allied powers, totaling a massive sum. Economic Strain The reparations payments placed a heavy burden on the German economy, leading to inflation, unemployment, and economic hardship. Political Instability The economic instability caused by the reparations contributed to political instability and the rise of extremist movements in Germany.
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  Broader European Impact By themid 1920´s there was more sympathy for Germany desire to renegotatiate the Treaty of Versailles. The league had modest successes as the economic situation improved in the 1920´s.
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  Formation and Structureof the League of Nations Collective Security The League of Nations was founded on the principle of collective security, with member states pledging to act together to prevent aggression. Prevent invasion. Disarmament The League advocated for disarmament as a means of reducing the risk of war. Diplomacy Over War The League promoted diplomacy and peaceful resolution of international disputes over the use of force. Organizational Structure The League's structure included the Assembly, Council, and Permanent Secretariat, each with distinct responsibilities.
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  Successes and Failuresof the League Successes 1. Åland Islands dispute 2. Refugee crisis 3. Health, labor, and human trafficking reforms Failures 1. Manchuria, Japan invaded the Chinese providence of Manchuria in 1931 2. Abyssinia, In 1935 Italy invaded Abyssinia (now Ethiopia) to expand its empire. 3. Disarmament issues