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Types of cranes
The document describes various types of cranes, categorizing them into mobile and fixed cranes, and provides detailed descriptions of each type such as tower cranes, gantry cranes, and telescopic cranes. It outlines the specific functions, advantages, and operational mechanisms of these cranes, emphasizing their applications in construction and lifting operations. Additionally, it includes references for further reading on crane design considerations and improvements in crane productivity.
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Types of cranes
- 1. types of cranes Submittedby Mr. Dakshil Patel Mr. Kishan Patel Department of civil engineering , Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University
- 2. Type of cranes •1) Mobile cranes • 2) Fixed cranes
- 3. Mobile cranes • Truckmounted cranes • Telescopic truck mounted cranes • All terrain cranes • Crawler cranes • Rail road • Floating crane
- 4. Fixed cranes • TowerCranes • Level Luffing Cranes • Giant Cantilever Cranes • Gantry Cranes • Static Cranes • General Cranes • Heavy Cranes
- 5. Tower Crane • urbanconstruction sites. • anchored to the ground • Two horizontal, one used to suspend the heavy loads to be lifted and the other fitted with heavy concrete blocks as a counter-weight. • controlled by a driver who either sits high above in a small cabin located at the top of the tower, or else uses a remote control system to operate his machine from the ground.
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- 7. Gantry Crane • ableto slide along a rail framework • employs a strong overhead gantry to lift and manoeuvre extremely heavy prefabricated bridge link loads.
- 8. Level-luffing Crane • crane isdesigned to stay at a constant level. • up and down movements of the jib arm will only move the hook towards, or away from, the base of the crane. • advantage of this type of movement is that the crane can be set to operate at a fixed level, relative to the ground, where such action is necessary to handle load materials with precision
- 9. Crawler Crane • cranefitted with caterpillar tracks • used on soft and boggy ground where wheeled vehicles would be unable to operate. • stable because its broad base and tracking spreads the weight over a wide area. • useful on construction sites during the initial phase of building projects where their ability to move heavy loads over areas of soft soil is a particular asset.
- 10. Floating crane • mobilecrane • Floating in water • bridges and port construction • capable of carrying whole sections of bridge through the water • ideal choice for cargo handling on waterways
- 11. All terrain crane • carrierhas all axle drive and all wheel steering. • dual cabs, • one for fast highway travel • another has both drive and crane controls.
- 12. Rail road crane •runs on rail tracks • lifting the goods at station yards. • installing signalling equipment • track laying.
- 13. Telescopic Crane • Works onhydraulic mechanism • set of concentric tubular steel booms • the operational height of the crane can be altered • mobile
- 14. Parts of telescopic crane • MotherBoom • Middle Boom • Inner Boom • Extension Cylinder • Winch
- 16. Parts of telescopic crane • MotherBoom: This is the outer most portion of the system, consisting of other sections extension, retraction system. Winch is mounted on the left side of the boom . Extension cylinder rear end is connected from the inside. • Middle Boom: This is the second section of booms comes inside the mother boom. The other end of the extension cylinder is connected with the Middle Boom.
- 17. Parts of telescopic crane • InnerBoom: This is the third section of booms comes inside the Middle boom. Inner Boom and Middle booms are connected with each other with rope mechanism. This rope mechanism is known as boom extension and retraction system. • Extension Cylinder: Extension cylinder is attached in between mother boom and first extension. This is to extend the boom, to pick up the load from long distance, i.e., from more radius
- 18. Parts of telescopic cranes • Winch:This is the part present on the mother boom. This is the winch drum on which rope is wounded. Winch motor is present inside the housing. This is to rotate the winch drum for winding and unwinding of rope. The other end of the rope is connected with the snatch block hanging from the boom.
- 19. Forces and design considerations • Theload lifted from the Jib head, gives the loading on all the booms. Hence affects the design of each boom. • The load lifted from other variable hook, gives the different force and moment on middle boom and mother boom. • The worse loading and moment is taken for the basis of designing.
- 20. • The loadlifted on mother boom fixed hook, affects the designing of mother boom only.
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- 22. Extending the Boom First,Retract the Tele Cyl Pins
- 23. Extending the Telescopeto T4 Extend the Telescope Cylinder to T4
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- 27. T4 Section inMotion
- 28. T4 Section inPosition
- 29. Extending the T4Boom Pins
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- 36. T3 Section inMotion
- 37. T3 Section inMotion
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- 40. Advantage of telescopic crane • Telescopiccranes work on a boom and jib system. The boom is made up of many tubes fitted inside one another that can be extended through hydraulics. Our telescopic cranes feature a jib, or superstructure, at the top which enables the telescopic crane to work as a tower crane. • Telescopic cranes offer a very speedy set up, making them perfect for emergency or rescue jobs. • Another perk of telescopic cranes is their precision. They can place heavy loads with exactitude whilst being easily manoeuvrable and able to reach up high.
- 41. reference • FORCE DISTRIBUTIONON TELESCOPIC BOOM OF CRANE, Navneet Kumar1* and Mohd. Parvez1, Int. J. Mech. Eng. & Rob. Res. 2012 • Improving Tower Crane Productivity Using Wireless Technology, Ung-Kyun Lee1*, Kyung-In Kang2*, Gwang-Hee Kim3*, Hun-Hee Cho4*, Computer-Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering 21 (2006) 594–604