TYPES OF GARDENS.pdf
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The document provides an extensive overview of various types of gardens and parks, categorized by origin, style, theme, and purpose. It covers concepts ranging from traditional gardens like Mughal and Byzantine to modern styles such as vertical gardens and eco-friendly practices. Additionally, it highlights the benefits of different gardening techniques for health, aesthetics, and environmental impact.
![ROCK GARDENS
• A rock garden, also known as a rockery or
an alpine garden, is a small field or plot of
ground designed to feature and emphasize
a variety of rocks, stones, and boulders.
• The standard layout for a rock garden
consists of a pile of aesthetically arranged
rocks in different sizes, with small gaps
between in which plants are rooted.
Typically, plants found in rock gardens are
small and do not grow larger than 1 meter in
height,[1] though small trees and shrubs up
to 6 meters may be used to create a shaded
area for a woodland rock garden. If used,
they are often grown in troughs or low to the
ground[2] to avoid obscuring the
eponymous rocks. The plants found in rock
gardens are usually species that flourish in
well-drained, poorly irrigated soil.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/typesofgardens-220604220309-ac2eebf2/85/TYPES-OF-GARDENS-pdf-17-320.jpg)
![ROOF TOP GARDEN
• Besides the decorative benefit, roof plantings may provide food, temperature
control, hydrological benefits, architectural enhancement, habitats or corridors[1]
for wildlife, recreational opportunities, and in large scale it may even have
ecological benefits](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/typesofgardens-220604220309-ac2eebf2/85/TYPES-OF-GARDENS-pdf-18-320.jpg)
TYPES OF GARDENS.pdf
- 1. Types of Gardens / parks Ar. S . Kaalmegh LAD College
- 2. GARDEN TYPES • By country of origin • By historical empire 1. Byzantine gardens 2. Mughal gardens 3. Persian gardens 4. Roman gardens • In religion 1. Bahá'í gardens 2. Biblical gardens 3. Islamic gardens 4. Mary gardens 5. Sacred gardens • Aquascaping • Back garden • Baroque garden • Bog garden • Bosquet • Botanical gardens • Alpinum • Arboretum • Palmetum • Bottle garden • Butterfly gardening • Cactus garden • Charbagh • Color garden • Community gardens • Allotment (gardening) • Communal gardens • Garden sharing • Container garden • Cottage garden • Energy-efficient landscaping • Ferme ornée • Fernery • Flower box • Flower garden • Forest gardening • Front garden • Garden square • Hanging garden (cultivation) • Herb gardens • Hòn Non Bộ • Hortus conclusus • Intercultural Garden • Keyhole garden • Kitchen garden • Knot garden • Mazes • Hedge maze • Turf maze • Memorial garden • Monastic garden • Moon garden • Moss garden • Orangery • Organic horticulture • Pattern gardening • Permaculture • Philosophical garden • Physic garden • Playscape • Paradise gardens • Pleasure gardens • Pollinator garden • Rain garden • Raised bed gardening • Road verge • Rock gardens • Roof gardens • Green roof • Subtropical climate vegetated roof • Rose gardens • School gardens • Sculpture gardens • Sculpture trails • Sensory garden • Shade garden • Shakespeare garden • Sustainable gardening • Tea garden • Telegarden • Therapeutic garden • Terrace gardens • Trial garden • Tropical garden • Tropical horticulture • Underground farming • Upside-down gardening • Urban horticulture • Victory Gardens in Ontario, Canada (ca. 1943). • Vertical garden • Victory garden • Walled garden • Water garden • Wildlife garden • Window box • Winter garden • Xeriscaping • Zen
- 3. Landscapes today can be classified as per :- • Location == roof top, terrace , Atrium ……….. • Planning == informal, formal …….. • Treatment == rock, flower, scent ……… • Focus == water , rose…… • Theme /Concept == botanical, sculpture, traffic, children , music……….. • Style == Japanese, Italian, Mughal………… • Utility == joggers , herb , spice……………..
- 4. TYPES • Wild garden • Bog garden • Terrace garden • Rock gardens • Herb garden • Terrariums • Tray gardens • Rose garden • Flower garden • Scent garden • Water garden • Vertical gardens • Theme parks • Concept gardens • Zen gardens • Knot Gardens • Style gardens
- 5. WILD GARDEN • A wildlife garden is an environment created by a gardener that serves as a sustainable haven for surrounding wildlife. Wildlife gardens contain a variety of habitats that cater to native and local plants, birds, amphibians, reptiles, insects, mammals and so on. • This is comparatively a recent style of gardening. The revolutionary concept of 'wild garden' was expounded by William Robinson in the last decade of the nineteenth century.
- 6. WILD / WILDLIFE GARDEN
- 7. WILD / WILDLIFE GARDEN
- 8. BOG GARDEN • A bog garden employs permanently moist soil to create a habitat for plants and creatures which thrive in such conditions. It may exploit existing poor drainage in the garden, or it may be artificially created using pond liners or other materials to trap water in the area.
- 10. BOG GARDEN
- 11. WATER GARDEN • Water gardening is gardening that is concerned with growing plants adapted to pools and ponds. Although water gardens can be almost any size or depth, they are typically small and relatively shallow, generally less than twenty inches (50 cm) in depth. This is because most aquatic plants are depth sensitive and require a specific water depth in order to thrive. The particular species inhabiting each water garden will ultimately determine the actual surface area and depth required.
- 12. WATER GARDENS Idealized natural landscape, gardens at Stourhead, Wiltshire, England, designed by the owner, Henry Hoare, 18th century.
- 13. WATER GARDEN
- 14. A TERRACE / TERRACED GARDEN In gardening, a terrace is an element where a raised flat paved or gravelled section overlooks a prospect. A raised terrace keeps a house dry and provides a transition between the hardscape and the softscape.
- 15. A TERRACE / TERRACED GARDEN • Contemporary terrace gardens, in addition to being in the garden and landscape, often occur in urban areas and are terrace architecture elements that extend out from an apartment or residence at any floor level other than ground level. They are often discussed in conjunction with roof gardens, although they are not always true roof gardens, instead being balconies and decks. These outdoor spaces can become lush gardens through the use of container gardening, automated drip irrigation and low-flow irrigation systems, and outdoor furnishings.
- 16. TERRACE GARDENS The benefits to health, aesthetics and environment include: Reduce indoor temperature by 6- 8 degree and can reduce air conditioning cost Reduce overall heat absorption of buildings and insulate the building against heat and cold Convenience of safe, pesticide-free, healthy green and fresh vegetables Conducive to a routine of physical exercise, clean air and being close to nature Increases amount of oxygen in the air Reduce sound pollution Act as a habitat for city-weary birds
- 17. ROCK GARDENS • A rock garden, also known as a rockery or an alpine garden, is a small field or plot of ground designed to feature and emphasize a variety of rocks, stones, and boulders. • The standard layout for a rock garden consists of a pile of aesthetically arranged rocks in different sizes, with small gaps between in which plants are rooted. Typically, plants found in rock gardens are small and do not grow larger than 1 meter in height,[1] though small trees and shrubs up to 6 meters may be used to create a shaded area for a woodland rock garden. If used, they are often grown in troughs or low to the ground[2] to avoid obscuring the eponymous rocks. The plants found in rock gardens are usually species that flourish in well-drained, poorly irrigated soil.
- 18. ROOF TOP GARDEN • Besides the decorative benefit, roof plantings may provide food, temperature control, hydrological benefits, architectural enhancement, habitats or corridors[1] for wildlife, recreational opportunities, and in large scale it may even have ecological benefits
- 19. ROOF TOP GARDEN
- 20. ROOF TOP GARDEN View of ACROS Fukuoka designed by architect Emilio Ambasz.
- 21. ROOF TOP GARDEN Infinity edge pool at Sands Sky Park, Marina Bay Sands Hotel, Singapore
- 22. ROOF TOP GARDEN Sky garden at 20 Fenchurch Street
- 23. FLOWER GARDEN • A flower garden or floral garden is any garden where flowers are grown and displayed. • Flowers bloom at varying times of the year, and some plants are annual, dying each winter, the design of flower gardens can take into consideration maintaining a sequence of bloom and consistent color combinations through varying seasons. Besides organizing the flowers in bedding-out schemes limited to annual and perennial flower beds, careful design also takes the labour time, and the color pattern of the flowers into account.
- 25. SCENT GARDENS When planning landscapes , Designers not only the structure, form, colour, balance, but sometimes overlook another aspect that makes any garden delightful: scent. Although scent is often associated with flowers, it can also come from other parts of the plant such as leaves and branches.
- 26. HERB GARDEN (contemporary) Herb garden of National Museum of Nature and Science Tokyo
- 27. HERB / KNOT GARDENS ( England and France)
- 28. FORMAL / INFORMAL AND WILD GARDENS • Informal/ natural •Formal gardens
- 29. FORMAL GARDENS • A formal garden is a garden with a clear structure, geometric shapes and in most cases a symmetrical layout. Its origin goes back to the gardens which are located in the desert areas of Western Asia and are protected by walls. • The style of a formal garden is reflected in the Persian gardens of Iran, and the monastic gardens from the Late Middle Ages. It has found its continuation in the Italian Renaissance gardens and has culminated in the French formal gardens from the Baroque period. Through its design, the garden conveys a sense of established order and transparency to the observer. Formal garden in Hampton Court Palace
- 30. FORMAL GARDENS
- 31. FORMAL GARDENS
- 32. INFORMAL GARDEN • The informal style of gardening is aimed to imitate nature and strives to produce a natural effect in a closed area. In the informal gardens, geometrical designs are employed without insisting on symmetry. ... Informal gardens are laid out with open large lawns, bordered by clumps of shady trees or shrubs.
- 33. Vertical gardens
- 34. Vertical gardens Vertical garden is a new concept.by Patrick Blanc , a french botanist. The vertical garden is made possible through a lightweight system with a high degree of self- sufficiency. It enables a large number of species to grow on vertical surface, allowing for variety and artistic freedom in the design. Each vertical garden is given a unique design and mix of species. The composition of plants depends on the specific environment where it will be built. Its a solution to have a garden in the small space,to refresh the atmosphere in a limited area .
- 36. Three-story-tall biowall in Queen's University's Faculty of Applied Science building Beamish-Munro Hall in Kingston Ontario, Canada Constructed in 2003, the wall is composed of tropical plants to help clean and humidify the building's air.
- 37. A green wall is a wall, either free-standing or part of a building, that is partially or completely covered with vegetation and, in some cases, soil or an inorganic growing medium. The vegetation for a green façade is always attached on outside walls; with living walls this is also usually the case, although some living walls can also be green walls for interior use. . For living walls there are many methods including attaching to the air return of the building to help with air filtration. They are also referred to as living walls, biowalls, or vertical gardens.
- 38. The basics of a Vertical Garden: The Frame – for longevity a metal frame is the best but treated wood can also be used. The Backboard – PVC sheets are preferred but can be substituted with fine, rigid wire mesh (preferably stainless steel). The Holding Sheet – a thick sheet of felt will give the best results but a tough hessian can also work
- 39. The frame is basically the support for the vertical garden. On it, the backboard is adhered, fastened or riveted and then the holding sheet is stapled on top of that. For indoor applications, a well at the bottom with a continuous feed pump moving the water back up and then filtering down through the plants via gravity will work. The water is usually filled, and refilled with nutrient, that sustains the plants. If hanging it outdoors then no need of the bottom well , just hand watering the plants with a watering can is fine Basically, the principles of hydroponics are used in this technology so no soil is used for plant growth. Plants are neatly embedded and suspended into the felt which becomes its growing medium. Conclusion Vertical gardens can be simple or complex They can offer another dimension to growing plants or they could become living works of art that transform backyards, balconies or patios. Regardless of focus , a vertical garden is a real possibility for any home gardener.
- 40. These vegetation carriers perform the following functions:-- Support the growth medium and vegetation Provide water retention and drainage Protect membrane and roof deck Act as a filter for excess water Distribute water evenly across panel Each carrier has a HPDE drainage board base with a Hemp base bio blanket bonded to it. One installed the growth medium is applied and then the vegetation planted. Each panel provides one square metre of green space or about ten square ft. Minimum of 10 per order. ELTS easy green
- 42. Lighting is an important consideration in particular with interior wall applications and some lighting was added to this wall at the lower level under the stairs. There can be many micro climates to consider when planning a living wall. This residential project in Los Angeles is using grey water as an irrigation source to maintain the vegetation. Using a waste product like grey water to maintain the living wall increases the beneficial impact of this technology. Window dressing Living walls can be large or small, accentuate a building character and be used in either interior or exterior applications
- 45. Green walls, also known as living walls, bio-walls, eco-walls, or vertical gardens, are walls partially or completely covered with vegetation. Some include a growing medium, such as soil, others are grown in hydroponic systems, a method of growing plants using mineral nutrient solutions, in water, without soil. Green walls that require soil usually feature an irrigation system. These living walls are found all over the world and may be indoors or outside, freestanding or attached to an existing wall, and come in all shapes and sizes. But what is it that makes green walls so fantastic? Following is a list of five green wall facts that stand out from the rest and prove that growing vertical is the new way to grow. Finally, green walls provide a chance for greenery in urban settings where other plantings might not be an option and add yet another level for designers to look to when given a space to design. In the end, green walls can be found all over the world and can be the biggest of big or the smallest of small. All green walls have a few things in common though. They all cleanse the air and if outdoors can provide habitat for animals and pollinators. In the right conditions, they can lower energy costs, which is beneficial for both the building’s inhabitants and for the city it occupies.
- 50. TYPES OF MINIATURE GARDENING TECHNIQUES USED IN INTERIORS AND SEMI OPEN SPACES
- 51. Ancient chinese art of depicting artistically formed trees, other plants, and landscapes in miniature. PENJING ( CHINA ) Shùmù pénjǐng : Tree penjing that focuses on the depiction of one or more trees and optionally other plants in a container, with the composition's dominant elements shaped by the creator through trimming, pruning, and wiring. Shānshuǐ pénjǐng : Landscape penjing that depicts a miniature landscape by carefully selecting and shaping rocks, which are usually placed in a container in contact with water. Small live plants are placed within the composition to complete the depiction. Shuǐhàn pénjǐng : A water and land penjing style that effectively combines the first two, including miniature trees and optionally miniature figures and structures to portray a landscape in detail.
- 53. BONSAI ( JAPAN ) The purposes of bonsai are primarily 1. contemplation (for the viewer) and the pleasant exercise of effort and ingenuity (for the grower).[ 2. By contrast with other plant cultivation practices, bonsai is not intended for production of food or for medicine. Instead, bonsai practice focuses on long- term cultivation and shaping of one or more small trees growing in a container. a Japanese art form using trees grown in containers
- 54. SAIKAI ( JAPAN) MINIATURE TRAY GARDENS MULTI SPECIES
- 55. • BONKEI : • Japanese for "tray landscape". • A bonkei is a temporary or permanent three- dimensional depiction of a landscape in miniature, portrayed using mainly dry materials like rock, papier-mâché or cement mixtures, and sand in a shallow tray.
- 56. TERRARRIUMS • Terrariums are usually sealable glass containers containing soil and plants, and can be opened for maintenance to access the plants inside. • However, terrariums can also be open to the atmosphere rather than being sealed. • Terrariums are often kept as decorative or ornamental items. Closed terrariums create a unique environment for plant growth, as the transparent walls allow for both heat and light to enter the terrarium. • The sealed container combined with the heat entering the terrarium allows for the creation of a small scale water cycle.
- 61. THEMES
- 62. USE IN INTERIORS
- 63. TRAY GARDEN
- 64. Maintenance • Seasonal clear ups / clean ups. • Irrigation system checkups and maintenance. • Fighting parasites and insects. • Planting Enhancements. • Indoor plants care. • Watering of plants as required. • Cleaning of foliage, planters, and bed aeration as required. • Pruning / trimming as required. • Fertilizer application as required. • Pest & disease control as required. • Replacement of plants as required. • Rubbish collection & disposal from green area. • Maintenance of existing irrigation system without spare parts and pump system. • Other necessary external horticultural practices A lawn doesn’t stay beautiful on its own. Wear and tear—along with its harmful natural and unnatural causes can ruin a garden. With proper care and maintenance, a property can stay healthy and beautiful all year long. These are the general scope of horticultural activities that is necessary in maintaining a lawn as well as the services for maintenance.
- 67. THANK YOU………..