U1L2 - Scientific Knowledge

U1L2 - Scientific Knowledge

• 1.
  Unit 1 Lesson2 Scientific Knowledge Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
• 2.
  Method Acting Copyright ©Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company How do scientists choose their methods? • Scientists plan their investigations to address a specific problem or question. • Their goal is to come up with a scientific explanation. • Each problem or question is unique and so requires a unique method and the proper tools. Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
• 3.
  How do scientistschoose their methods? • When choosing their methods, scientists rely on the tools available. • Scientists, however, know they don’t always have the tools they need. • Some tools may be too expensive, and others may not exist. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
• 4.
  How do scientistschoose their methods? • Scientists also need to be creative in the ways they use their tools. • Tools are useful only if the scientists using them can interpret the data they provide. • This skill is a large part of the education of a scientist. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
• 5.
  How do scientistschoose their methods? • Based on the subject under study, scientists may plan to do experiments or fieldwork. • When doing experiments, scientists control different variables under precise conditions in a laboratory. • Generally, physicists and chemists do a lot of experiments. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
• 6.
  How do scientistschoose their methods? • In contrast, scientists doing fieldwork make observations of what is around them. • They watch, observe, and try to make sense of what they see. • Instead of controlling variables, they try to determine what variables are at work and how they relate to each other. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
• 7.
  How do scientistschoose their methods? • A large part of doing fieldwork is coming to understand the variables that exist. • Biologists and geologists generally do a lot of fieldwork. • Sometimes, a scientist will do fieldwork and then take a specimen back to a laboratory to do more testing. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
• 8.
  Well, Prove It! Copyright© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company How do scientific theories become accepted? • Some theories are quickly accepted; others are not. • A good scientific theory is one that is supported by most of the evidence and can account for new observations as they arise. • Such a theory becomes widely accepted. Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
• 9.
  How do scientifictheories become accepted? • At times, as new evidence is discovered, scientists may find that an earlier theory is incorrect or incomplete. • Good scientific theories often get modified but are rarely rejected. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
• 10.
  How can youknow who’s right? • The most reliable scientific information is found in professional science journals, but it may not be easy to understand. • You should be cautious of accepting scientific explanations from advertisers or anyone trying to sell you something. • When you assess any scientific claim, ask yourself if it makes sense logically and whether the results support it. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
• 11.
  How can youknow who’s right? • Remember that science does not claim to prove anything. • Science attempts to provide an explanation that agrees with the results of observation and testing. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge
• 12.
  A Theory forthe Birds Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Dinosaurs take flight • The fossil Archaeopteryx gave the first solid evidence linking dinosaurs to modern birds. • Although it had wings and feathers and may have been able to fly, it seems it was more dinosaur than bird. • It had jaws with teeth, three-fingered claws, and a tail. Unit 1 Lesson 2 Scientific Knowledge