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Understanding past tense
The document discusses various past tenses in English including the simple past, past continuous, past perfect, and past perfect continuous tenses. It provides examples of when each tense is used as well as how to form sentences in each tense. Key details include that the simple past tense is used to talk about completed actions in the past, the past continuous emphasizes ongoing or repeated actions, the past perfect expresses actions that happened before another past time or action, and the past perfect continuous emphasizes the duration of an activity before something else in the past.
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Understanding past tense
- 1. UNDERSTANDING PAST TENSES By Group 2 1. DINA NOFIRNA 2. SUCI RAHMADANI 3. OSNA MARIA 4. NELVIRA AURRIA
- 2. Past Tense The simple past tense is used to talk about a completed action or state that occurred in the past. Past tense is used to express an old world action that happened.
- 3. We use thepast tense to talk about : Something that happened once in the past Example : 1. I met my wife in 1983. 2. We went to Spain for our holidays. 3. They got home very late last night. Something that happened again and again in the past Example : 1. When I was a boy, I walked a mile to school every day. 2. We swam a lot while we were on holiday. 3. They always enjoyed visiting their friends.
- 4. For more on these questions see question forms We use didn’t (did not) to make negatives with the past tense. Example : 1. They didn’t go to Spain this year. 2. We didn’t get home until very late last night. 3. I didn’t see you yesterday. For an action done repeatedly, habitually or at regular times in the past Example : 1. We saw the movie 'Titanic' several times at the cinema. 2. Brian was always a heavy drinker in the old days. 3. He phoned his mother every Sunday until her death. For telling Situation in the past
- 5. Something that was true for some time in the past Example : 1. I lived abroad for ten years. 2. He enjoyed being a student. 3. She played a lot of tennis when she was younger. We often use phrases with ago with the past tense Example : 1. I met my wife a long time ago. 2. Suci watched television three days ago. 3. Vira played Barbie doll with her friends few weeks ago.
- 6. Regular and irregularverbs We form the simple past tense of most verbs by adding –ed to the verb. These verbs are called regular verbs. Most verbs are regular verbs. The simple past tense of some verbs does not end in –ed. These verbs are the irregular verbs. The simple past tense irregular verbs can only be used in the positive, not negative.
- 7. Adverb of Time in Past Tense Just Now This Morning 3 Days Ago Yesterday 2 Months Ago This Afternoon Last Year Last Week Yesterday Morning Today An Hour Ago Last Month Last Sunday Last Night
- 8. Past Continuous Tense This tenses is used to express an action which is happened in past time. and at the same time happened other action. This Tense emphasize is the happening of the action not its have. The past continuous is formed from the past tense of be with the -ing form of the verb.
- 9. We use thepast continuous to talk about the past : Duration in the past Example : I was watching TV yesterday in the evening. She was sleeping on the couch. The dog was barking. to show that something continued for some time Example : 1. My head was aching. 2. Everyone was shouting.
- 10. For something that was happening again and again Example : I was practising every day, three times a day. They were meeting secretly after school. They were always quarrelling. with verbs which show change or growth Example : The children were growing up quickly. Her English was improving. My hair was going grey. The town was changing quickly.
- 11. Actions in progress at the same time Example : I was singing when she was cooking. My mother was watching TV while my friends came to my house.
- 12. To form asentence in the Past Continuous, you need : 1. Auxiliary verb "to be" The past form of the auxiliary verb "to be" is : For the first and third person singular : "was" For all others : "were" Example : 1. She was always coming late for dinner. 2. You were always coming late for dinner. 2. The Present Participle The present participle is of a verb is a verb form that appears with present tenses. The present participle is formed by adding -ing to the verb. talk + ing = talking be + ing = being
- 13. Adverb of time Adverbof time that we use in the past continuous tense : All of time in the past tense At 4 o’clock …when… All day yesterday …while… … as … When (follow simple past tense) While (follow past continuous tense)
- 14. Simple past tense+ while + past continuous tense Example : Rina came to my house while I was helping my brother Simple Past Tense Past continuous tense While + Past continuous tense + Simple past tense Example : While we were watching TV, someone knocked the door. Past continuous tense Simple past tense While + Past Continuous Tense + Past Continuous Tense Example : While my brother was sleeping, my father was reading a magazine Past Continuous Tense Past Continuous Tense When + Simple Past Tense + Past Continuous Tense Example : When my father came home, we were studying in the living room. Simple Past Tense Past Continuous Tense Past Continuous Tense + When + Simple Past Tense Example : She was reading a magazine when the phone rang. Past Continuous Tense Simple Past Tense
- 15. Past Perfect Tense It is the same with Past Continuos Tense nor selfsupporting as simple sentence but have to provide with Past Tense sentence. this used to express an action which have been done in past time. The past perfect is used in the same way as the present perfect, but it refers to a time in the past, not the present.
- 16. We use thepast perfect tense : For something that started in the past and continued up to a given time in the past Example : When George died he and Anne had been married for nearly fifty years. She didn’t want to move. She had lived in Liverpool all her life. For something that happened in the past but is important at the time of reporting Example : I couldn’t get into the house. I had lost my keys. Teresa wasn’t at home. She had gone shopping.
- 17. We use the past perfect to talk about the past in conditions, hypotheses and wishes Example : I would have helped him if he had asked. It was very dangerous. What if you had got lost? I wish I hadn’t spent so much money last month.
- 18. Form To form asentence in the Past Perfect, what you need is : 1. Auxiliary verb "to have" The past form of the auxiliary verb "to have" is "had": Example : Mary had finished her homework before Mike came home. 2. The Past Participle The past participle of a verb is a verb form that appears with the perfect tenses. The past participle can be either regular or irregular verb.
- 19. Adverb of Time Adverbof time that we use in the past perfect tense : For …as soon as…. Since Until …before… …after…. Example : The student had gotten a verbal warning before his parents called. I came to the party after he had invited me.
- 20. Past Perfect ContinuousTense Past perfect tense continuous tense emphasizes the duration of an activity that was in progress before another activity or time in the past.
- 21. We use thepast perfect continuous to : look back at a situation in progress Example : It was a good time to invest. Inflation had been falling for several months. Before I changed jobs, I had been working on a plan to reduce production costs. We had been thinking about buying a new house but then we decided to stay here. to say what had been happening before something else happened Example : It had been snowing for a while before we left. We had been playing tennis for only a few minutes when it started raining. He was out of breath when he arrived because he had been running.
- 22. When reportingthings said in the past Example : She said she had been trying to call me all day. They said they had been shopping. I told you I had been looking for some new clothes. to show cause of an action or situation in the past Example : John was in a detention because he had been misbehaving. The road was wet because it had been raining. I had to go on a diet because I had been eating too much sugar. Jessica got sunburnt because she had been lying in the sun too long.
- 23. Describe duration ofa past action Example : The boys had been quarreling for half an hour when we arrived home. I had been dating Angelina for 3 years before we got married.
- 24. Questions Fill in theblank with the correct answer ! 1. I ... (play) football with my friends yesterday. 2. They ... not smoke) while we were drinking just now. 3. She ... (read) a novel at library last week. 4. I ... (sleep) when my friend came to my house yesterday. 5. Male students ... ( not play) around ... (when / while) female ones were chitchatting. 6. My car … (break down) five times before I decided to sell it. 7. Via ... (travel) around in Bali before she got married last month. 8. When they came to lamongan in 1981, they …. (play) badminton. 9. Lia ….. (walk) alone for 10 minutes. 10. Farmers in Jati Bali…. (grow) rice crops before I came to this village in 1985.
- 25. Key Answers 1. I played football with my friends yesterday. 2. They were not smoking while we were drinking just now. 3. She read a novel at library last week. 4. I was sleeping when my friend came to my house yesterday. 5. Male students were not playing around while female ones were chitchatting. 6. My car had broken down five times before I decided to sell it. 7. Via had traveled around in Bali before she got married last month. 8. When they came to lamongan in 1981, they had been playing badminton. 9. Lia had been walking alone for 10 minutes. 10. Farmers in Jati Bali had grown rice crops before I came to this village in 1985.
- 26. Biography Dani K. 2002.Tenses 16 Bentuk Waktu. Surabaya : Putra Harsa Gusriani. 2008/2009. Hand Out Bahasa Inggris Kelas X Johanna, dkk. 2007. Pendidikan bahasa Inggris. Jakarta : UT http://www.myenglishgrammar.com/simple-past-tense.html (accessed on 3 October 2012) http://www.englishtenses.com/tenses/past_continuous (accessed on 3 October 2012) http://www.englishtenses.com/tenses/past_perfect (accessed on 3 October 2012) http://www.englishtenses.com/tenses/past_perfect_continuous#use1 (accessed on 3 October 2012)