Understanding the economic and social context of gender-based and domestic violenceFROGEE Survey: Introduction

Understanding the economic and social context of gender-based and domestic violenceFROGEE Survey: Introduction

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  Understanding the economicand social context of gender-based and domestic violence FROGEE Survey: Introduction Michał Myck, Centre for Economic Analysis with: Monika Oczkowska, Maria Perrotta Berlin, Jesper Roine and Kajetan Trzciński Economic and Social Context of Domestic Violence
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  FROGEE Survey ofGender-BasedViolence: Background #AcademicsStandWithUkraine • Perspectives on gender-based violence in the context of the Russian invasion • Growing interest in the context and causes of domestic and gender-based violence • increases in incidence during COVID-19 lockdowns • tragically brought to the world’s attention in the context of war • High heterogeneity in the level of gender (in)equality in the FREE Network countries • potential to identify the driving factors of domestic violence • lack of comparable micro-data for all countries • high policy relevance
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  FROGEE Survey ofGender-BasedViolence: Development and content #AcademicsStandWithUkraine • Questionnaire and survey design developed as part of the FROGEE project • Telephone survey conducted in September 2021 in: Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Latvia, Poland, Russia, Sweden, Ukraine: • sample: between 925 and 1000 interviews per country • interview of approx. 25 minutes • Survey content: • socio-economic conditions (demographics, material situation, family and housing) • domestic and gender-based violence: • questions focused on individual evaluations and perceptions and NOT on personal experience of violence • response to domestic violence and the legal framework
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  FROGEE Survey ofGender-BasedViolence: Results and content #AcademicsStandWithUkraine • Three areas of analysis based on collected data: • Yaroslava Babych (ISET) Perceptions ofViolence andTheir Socio-economic Determinants: A Comparative Analysis • Monika Oczkowska (CenEA) Social Contexts and the Perception of DifferentialTreatment • Maria Perrotta Berlin (SITE) DomesticViolence Legislation - Awareness and Support in Latvia, Russia and Ukraine
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  FROGEE Survey ofGender-BasedViolence: Results and content #AcademicsStandWithUkraine
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  FROGEE Survey ofGender-BasedViolence: Results and content #AcademicsStandWithUkraine • Perceptions of violence: „… in your opinion these are examples of abuse within the couple…”: • Beating causing severe physical harm • Sexual act against the partner’s will • Threat to do harm by using the couple’s children • Locking the partner in a room, apartment, house • Verbal threats of physical violence • Constant humiliation, criticism • Quarrels, scandals, screams • Prohibition to communicate with friends and / or relatives • Forced abortion • Intentional refusal to get medical care • Prohibition to visit public places without permission • Restrictions on access to financial resources • Requirement to show SMS, correspondence in social networks • Prohibition to dress as one likes Beating causing severe physical harm…
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  FROGEE Survey ofGender-BasedViolence: Results and content #AcademicsStandWithUkraine • Perceptions of violence: „… in your opinion these are examples of abuse within the couple…”: • Beating causing severe physical harm • Sexual act against the partner’s will • Threat to do harm by using the couple’s children • Locking the partner in a room, apartment, house • Verbal threats of physical violence • Constant humiliation, criticism • Quarrels, scandals, screams • Prohibition to communicate with friends and / or relatives • Forced abortion • Intentional refusal to get medical care • Prohibition to visit public places without permission • Restrictions on access to financial resources • Requirement to show SMS, correspondence in social networks • Prohibition to dress as one likes Prohibition to dress as one likes…
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  FROGEE Survey ofGender-BasedViolence: Results and content #AcademicsStandWithUkraine • Perceptions of violence: „… is a husband justified in hitting or beating his wife in the following situations”: • If she goes out without telling him? • If she neglects the children? • If she argues with him? • If she refuses to have sex with him? • If she burns the food? • The importance of „don’t know” answers If she neglects the children?
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  FROGEE Survey ofGender-BasedViolence: Results and content #AcademicsStandWithUkraine • Frequency of differential treatment/harrassment: „… in the last year how often have you witnessed any of the following things happen to a woman?” NEVER, RARELY, SOMETIMES, OFTEN,V.OFTEN • A woman has been treated with less courtesy than men • A woman has been treated with less respect than men • People have acted as if they think women are not smart • Men have acted as if they’re better than women are • A woman has been called names or insulted for being a woman • A woman has been the target of jokes of a sexual nature • A woman has received unwanted sexual advances from a man she doesn’t know Men have acted as if they’re better than women are (often, v.often)
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  FROGEE Survey ofGender-BasedViolence: Results and content #AcademicsStandWithUkraine • Frequency of abuse: „… in your day-to-day life, how often have you witnessed any of the following things happen to a woman?...” NEVER, RARELY, SOMETIMES,OFTEN,V.OFTEN • A woman has been threatened physically by a man • A woman has been slapped, hit or punched by a man • A woman has been sexually abused or assaulted by a man. • A woman has been beaten by a man. • A woman has been touched inappropriately, without her consent, by a man. A woman has been slapped, hit or punched by a man (sometimes, often, v.often)
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  FROGEE Survey ofGender-BasedViolence: Results and content #AcademicsStandWithUkraine • Frequency of abuse: „… how many times in the last three months have you heard that a woman you know was beaten, slapped or threatened physically from their intimate partner?” NEVER, ONCE, 2-5TIMES, 6-9TIMES, 10+TIMES A woman was beaten, slapped or threatened physically from their IP (once or more)
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  • Seeking help: „Ifa woman is beaten by her partner, she should seek help from…”: • police, relatives and friends, help centre, lawyer, … „it is their own business” • IPV legislation: • Do you think that the State should have specific legislation aimed at punishing IPV? • Does your country have specific legislation aimed at punishing IPV? • Specific questions on IPV reforms in Russia, Ukraine and Latvia FROGEE Survey of Gender-BasedViolence: Results and content #AcademicsStandWithUkraine Seeking help: „it is their own business”
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  FROGEE Survey ofGender-BasedViolence: #AcademicsStandWithUkraine • Yaroslava Babych (ISET) Perceptions ofViolence andTheir Socio-economic Determinants: A Comparative Analysis • Monika Oczkowska (CenEA) Social Contexts and the Perception of DifferentialTreatment • Maria Perrotta Berlin (SITE) DomesticViolence Legislation - Awareness and Support in Latvia, Russia and Ukraine • Comments and discussion