UNIT 6_III.pptx

UNIT 6_III.pptx

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  z CASESTUDY:ENERGYEFFICENTBUILDINGS
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  z Contents • Green HousingPurposes • Project details • Site and Design • Elements of Design • SUN • Air • Water • Earth • Solar Energy • Building Materials
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  z Learning Outcomes • Tolearn the Application of Green Energy Housing systems in Practical. • To learn the requirements for a green housing system. • To learn the direction of Sunlight, Air and Water system in an energy efficient buildings. • To learn the building materials for a green housings and its sources.
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  z  Uses lessenergy, water, natural resources  Generates less waste  Healthier for people living in it  Energy saved= 30-40% per day  Enhanced indoor air quality, light and ventilation  Potable water saving upto 20-30%  High productivity of occupants  Minimum generation of non-degradable waste  Lower operating costs and increase asset value Green Housing Purposes
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  z The Energy andresources institute earlier known as Tata Energy Resources Institute Project details Site location Site includes : 30 km south of Delhi, in northern Haryana at GUAL PAHARI : Forestry , Micro propagation technology park (MTP) , Patchy greens, Retreat centre , Golf range , Golf Course Site area Climate Building type Architects : 36 hectares : Composite : Institutional : Sanjay Prakash and Teri Year of start/completion :1997–2000 Cost of the project Civil works : Rs 23.6 million; Electrical works - Rs 2.5 million Cost of various technologies : Rs 18.54 million "Sustainability was the back bone of the entire design concept and it was communicated to the architect that the building should incorporate all possible elements of Passive Solar Architecture and Low Energy Cooling systems" says Mili Majumdar.
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  z GEOMETRY OF THEBLOCK •The north block is made slightly concave towards the front. South forms a hybrid convex surface facing the winter sun. •The point of the south block broadly falls on the surface of large imaginary cones that generated the slightly free geometry & this allow the architecture to break away the grid iron apporach normally associated with solar architecture.
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  Site and Design •The linear geometry of the site with a narrow frontage and an aspect ratio of almost 1:3 dictated the strong linear axis in the design. • The logical sequence of positioning the three distinct functioning zones in a hierarchy of public access to restricted entry formed the other key consideration in design development. • Placing the commercial block at the front was the most logical choice in exploiting the commercial potential of the frontage of the site. • The functional core also coincides with the geometric central part of the linear site. The residential zone comes up from the rear forming the last zone in the linearsequence. • That the design responds to orientation and climatic factors, is but an obvious fact. • The north line is at a slight angle to the linear axis of the site and the design takes full advantage of this orientation in the composition of the built and open spaces and in creating wind flows through the complex as also lighting and shading of the spaces. Site Plan and Ground Floor Layout (bottom) 1 Commercial Block, 2 Classrooms, 3, 4 Laboratories, 5,6 administrative block, 6 accounts, 7 dining hall, 8 hostel, 9, 10, courts, 11 Open AirTheatre
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  Elements of Design TheSun, Sky, Air, Water and Earth shape the nature of architecture which emerges on this site. The process of continuous dialogue between the architect and TERI and the engagement of TERI in the design process augmented the thrust on climate responsive design in a large way.
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  SUN • Passive solardesign is an important feature in the design of this building. • The planning and orientation of spaces and building blocks ensures glare free daylight in all regularly occupied spaces. • All the linear blocks are oriented in the East-West direction with shorter facades facing the sun. • Most of the south west facing walls are kept blank in order to protect the building from the harsh south west solar radiations. • Where the south west walls have openings, they are protected by means of pergolas or projecting balconies. • The east, west and south facades of the building have minimum glazing
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  Air • The predominantwind direction is taken into account in designing the open spaces. • The central atrium acts as an air funnel defined by the other buildings. • The opening oriented in the prevailing wind direction catches the outside air and channelizes it through a narrow stretch of the block before releasing it into the central court area. • The architect's experience of design in hot dry areas, particularly in earlier projects in Hyderabad made him confident of the effectiveness of this design feature in cooling the ambient temperatures of the enclosed areas. • The central atrium is also proposed to be covered with an automatic adjustable louvers system (Vergola). • The angle of the louvers can be adjusted to block the solar radiations during summer and to allow ample sunlight during winter. • The system is further proposed to be integrated with photo voltaic panels. • The louvers if kept closed can effectively prevent rain water from entering the atrium during the rainy season.
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  Sky • Maximum useof daylight and use of light sensors to regulate the use of artificial lighting in the interiors is another key design strategy. • In areas where daylight is available, fixtures have been fitted with continuous dimming electronic ballasts. • These fixtures are controlled by light sensors which respond to available light conditions and automatically regulate the connected fixtures to achieve the desired level of uniform illumination required. • In areas with non- uniform illumination, occupancy sensors that can turn off the lights when the space is unoccupied have been installed. • This kind of a lighting system has a potential of saving 70% lighting energy demand. • Use of efficient double glazing window units help significantly reduce the heat gained through window glazing in the summers and the heat lost in the winters without compromising on the day lighting integration and the levels of visual comfort.
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  z Water • Water andwaste management systems are important features of the building design. • All buildings in the campus have been provided with low flow fixtures such as dual flush toilets, low flow taps and sensor taps that result in 25% savings in water use. • The waste water generated from the hostel block is treated through efficient biological processes using a combination of micro organisms and bio-media filter. • This treatment system requires less area and low energy. • The treated water meets the prescribed standards for landscape irrigation. Rainwater harvesting is also an important concept which contributes to efficient water management. • The average annual rainfall of Delhi is 611mm. • Rainwater run off from the roof and the site are tapped to recharge the aquifer. • This enhances the sustainable yield in areas where over development has depleted the aquifer. • The excess surface water is also conserved and stored for future requirements. The quality of existing ground water is also improved through dilution. D E T A I L S O F R E C H A R G E T R E N C H C U M B O R E V V E L L
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  Earth • The campusis equipped with three types of cooling systems (i)Variable Refrigerant Volume system (VRV), (ii) Earth Air Tunnel (EAT) and (iii) Thermal Mass Storage • The VRV system is proposed for the peripheral commercial block and the administrative block of the institute. • This state-of-the-art air conditioning system, which is similar to a split AC is highly efficient under partial loading conditions and beneficial to areas with varying occupancy. It allows customized control of individual zones eliminating the use of chilled water piping, ducting and plant room. • The use of Earth Air Tunnel gives an energy saving of nearly 50% as compared to the conventional system • Thermal mass storage used for cooling the classrooms and labs involves storing energy when available and using it when required. Here, cooling of thermal mass is done during night. • This cool thermal mass is used to cool air in day time. This system gives an energy saving of up to 40%
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  z BASIC DESIGN VECTORS •SolarEnergy • Tointegrate functionality of building with energy applications. •Tominimize energy demand in the building through architectural intervention. (eg. Passive concepts such as solar radiation, lattice work for shading, insulation and landscaping). • Tomeet the space conditioning and lighting demands through energy efficient system. •Tomeet the electric energy demands using renewable energy sources Solar lights used in gardens Solar street lights
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  z DESIGN FEATURES •Building Materials •Roof insulated with vermiculite concrete and china mosaic white finish. • Insulated walls using expanded polystyrene insulation. Vermiculite concrete China mosaic white finish polystyrene insulation skylights •Shading devices and fenestration have been designed to cut off summer sun & let in winter sun. • Glare free day lights used through specially designed skylights.
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  • Building designedas such wind direction can be redirected. • Deciduous trees used in the south to shade the building in summers. • in winters these shed their leaves thus letting in winter sun • Building oriented along east west axis so as to have maximum exposure along north-south. • South side partially sunk into ground to reduce heat gains and loses. • East and west devoid of opening are shaded