Unreal conditionals

Unreal conditionals

• 1.
  CONDITIONAL SENTENCES: UNREAL CONDITIONALS: 2nd and 3rd conditional sentences Withslight changes from a presentation by Fernanda González
• 2.
  CONDITIONAL SENTENCES • ConditionalSentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. • They are used to express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled.
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  CONDITIONAL SENTENCES • Mostlinguists consider three types of Conditional Sentences, but some of them add one more type: zero conditionals. • Let´s pay attention to the Second and Third Conditionals, the so-called UNREAL CONDITIONALS.
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  SECOND CONDITIONALS We usethe Second Conditional to talk about a hypothetical or imaginary situation in the present or in the future and its consequence. COMPARE: • If I have time, I’ll help you. • If I had time, I’d help you. The second example shows an imaginary situation: I don’t and I won’t have time.
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  SECOND CONDITIONALS Second Conditionalsentences are formed as follows: IF Past Simple Past Continuous Would Could Might INF
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  SECOND CONDITIONALS • EXAMPLES: •If I had more money, I’d buy a bigger house. • If my team won the cup, I’d buy champagne for everybody. • If I was working in London, I’d take the tube everyday. • If I spoke to him directly, I might be able to convince him.
• 7.
  SECOND CONDITIONALS •THINGS TOCONSIDER: • With the verb TO BE you can say: – If I were the president, I’d reduce the taxes. OR – If I was the president, I’d reduce the taxes. • This happens with the pronouns I, he, she, it
• 8.
  SECOND CONDITIONALS •However whenwe give advice we say: -If I were you, I’d be more careful. •The main clause and the if-clause can go in either order: – If I went to New York, I’d go to Brodway. OR – I’d go to Brodway if I went to New York
• 9.
  THIRD CONDITIONALS We usethe Third Conditional to talk about a hypothetical or imaginary situation in the past, which didn´t happen.
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  THIRD CONDITIONALS Third Conditionalsentences are formed as follows: IF Past Perfect Past Perfect Cont. Would have Could have Might have Past participle
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  THIRD CONDITIONALS Examples: • Ifyou had studied more, you would have passed your exams. • If we hadn’t missed the bus, we wouldn´t have been late. • If I had known you needed help, I could have helped you.
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  UNREAL CONDITIONALS SOME THINGSTO CONSIDER: • Sometimes, second and third conditionals can be mixed if a hypothetical situation in the past has a present or future consequence: -We wouldn´t be so happy now if we hadn´t won the lottery. • Use a comma after the if-clause. -If we hadn´t won the lottery, we wouldn´t be so happy now.
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  SECOND AND THIRD CONDIONALS EXERCISES Maketrue sentences about yourself: • I’d be really annoyed if . . . • I’d retire if . . . • I´d split up with my boyfriend if… • I’d have invited you if . . . • I´d have given you my phone number if…
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  UNREAL CONDITIONALS • Specialthanks to Fernanda González, for her generosity in sharing her work.