Value chain assessment from an animal health perspective

Value chain assessment from an animal health perspective

• 1.
  Value chain assessmentfrom an animal health perspective Fred Unger (ILRI) CGIAR Livestock and Fish Value Chain Development Team Meeting, Nairobi, 5-8 March 2012
• 2.
   Vet Epidemiology– AH – Disease detection, mitigation, prevention & prediction – Tools: Statistics & epidemiological parameters: sample size, statistical differences, correlations, prevalence‘s, case fatality, odds ratios – Challenge: • Product flows, drivers, profitability, incentives • Variety of stakeholders (people, groups and organisations) in livestock production and marketing systems • Different perceptions of the same risk • May be affected in different ways (traders vs. producers) • May react in different ways 2
• 3.
  VCA from AHperspective – general comments – Key questions to be answered: • Who has most to gain or lose related to mitigation efforts • Which processes within the chain carry risk for disease spread, what are their relative contributions to overall risk • Where are the ‘risk hotspots’(e.g. for disease spread) • When in the year are the high risk times (e.g. Ted, Ramadan) • Where and when should prevention & control measures be targeted (identification of critical control points)? • Policy environment (regulation-enforcement) 3
• 4.
  VCA from AHperspective - Approach Pig VC Work Vietnam – Human health risks and economic costs of smallholder pig diseases – What are the critical points / opportunities for risk management – Mitigations which benefit small holder pig sector and “poor” consumer Project site: 2 project sites 3 VC gradients (rural-rural, rural-peri-urban, peri-urban) Suggested approach • Review (Yr 1)  Rapid assessment (Yr 1)  In-depth assessment (Yr 1 & 2)  Interventions (Yr 3 - ...)  Dissemination (Yr 4 - 5) 4
• 5.
  VCA from AHperspective - Approach  Review (year 1) Tools: Official/grey literature & projects Outputs: Currently AH constraint – list of important pathogens Surveillance, policies What has worked and what has not Challenge: several hundred pathogens including zoonoses & FBD How to reasonable scale it down to 1-3 Different perception on AH constraints (e.g. Small holder versus large scale, latter perhaps favourites by governments)  Rapid assessment (year 1) Tools: FGD, interviews, observations, check list Outputs: Diseases of concerns - key AH constraints (reduced to 2-3) Description of situation, basic flows and actors involved Basic pathways mapped First idea on possible intervention opportunities 5
• 6.
  VCA from AHperspective - Approach  In-depth assessment (integrated disease risk and economic survey) (year 1 & 2) Tools: Cross-sectional, longitudinal, producer + other actors Biological sampling, FGD, questionnaires, check list ... (aligned with Public Health and socio-economics) Target: Producers, slaughterhouses (spot check and over time) Veterinary health workers (disease reports) Outputs: Disease impact (prevalence, mortality, treatment costs, indirect/direct losses...) Detailed risk pathways/risk assessment, control points, Set of promising interventions (Having in mind what worked and what has not)  Interventions (Yr 3 onwards)  Set of intervention packages  Randomised control trials aligned WTP, WTC  • 6
• 7.
  VCA from AHperspective Pig VC Vietnam - Challenges Different constraints - different actors involved & perceptions – Production constraints Feed supply (input sector and producer) Production disease (producer, life animal trader, input system) – Zoonoses ) However, perhaps not From farm to fork ) attractive for producer, – FBD ) as productivity still Entire chain, farm to fork ) reasonable (input sector/producer) – slaughterhouse - trader – consumer 7