Downloaded 32 times
More Related Content
Similar to Velocity Models Difference
Velocity Models Difference
- 1. Shah Naseer (MSComsats University Islamabad Abbottabad) Difference between Different Velocity Models Crustal velocity models Crustal seismic velocity models are used to locate earthquake hypocenters. Typically, one dimensional velocity models are 3 - 8 fixed-thickness layers of varying P and S velocities with depth. On occasion, the layers of the upper crust (0-2 kilometers) are constrained with well log data from nearby wells Community Velocity Models The CVMH is composed of detailed basin velocity descriptions that are based on tens of thousands of direct velocity measurements and incorporate the locations and displacements of major fault zones that influence basin structure Unfiend Community Velocity Models The Unified Community Velocity Model (UCVM) software framework provides access to detailed information about earth properties, namely P‐ and S‐wave velocities and density, on regional scales Seismic Velocity Modeling (SVM) Seismic velocity modeling (SVM) is a full suite of interactive applications enabling velocity model building and the execution of depth-imaging workflows in a 3D visualization environment. SVM delivers the most accurate depth-imaging solutions currently available in an optimal timeframe. 3D velocity model Is based on a travel-time tomographic method from active- and passive-source experiments M-GS gridding M-GS gridding solutions consist of 3D kriging algorithms with varying parameters. They take into account local structural characteristics of seismic velocities and their coverage. 3D calibration (PSTM/PSDM Used velocity models respecting both geological structuration and well data with a minimum depth error far from the wells thanks to a 3D geostatistical calibration solution is based on a 3D structural analysis of the differences between wells and seismic velocities. In 3D M-GS bivariate kriging take place M-GS surface model (PSTM/PSDM) Getting information the best prediction depth surfaces through these 4 possible steps conditioning seismic velocities with geostatistical filters 3D calibration, depth conversion, calibration of the surfaces to the well tops 1D layered velocity models 1D velocity-model building for application to microseismic data analysis. Regional Velocity Models Regional and sub-regional velocity model by using geostatistical filtering algorithms, factorial kriging, 3D gridding and a calibration performed. Also provide the estimation of an uncertainty volume from which you can extract at any surface, the potential depth error associated to the velocity model Blocky Model Blocky models use a layer-based representation of the subsurface, each layer being associated with a macrosequence in which the velocity varies gently
- 2. Name Type SubType Depth Coverage Areal Coverage Reference Earth Model also known as REF (STW105) 1-D Reference Earth Model velocity model 0 to 6371.0 km Point data Continental Parametric Earth Model (PEM-C) reflects different properties of the continental upper mantle while Oceanic reflects different properties of the oceanic upper mantle 1-D Reference Earth Model (MEAN) or Ak135-f 1-D modified IASP91 model full model 0.0 - 6371.0 km spherical average Earth model MEAN reference Earth model is based on the Earth model IASP91. MEAN replaces IASP91’s mid-crustal discontinuity and Moho depth of 20 and 35 km to 18 and 30 km, respectively. It also replaces IASP91’s a high S-velocity zone of the uppermost mantle (to the depth of 210 km) with a low S-velocity zone less than 4.5 km/s. Iasp91 velocity model (Inactive) 1D Reference P and S velocities 0.0 - 6371.0 km radial Earth mode A parameterised velocity model that has been constructed to be a summary of the travel time characteristics of the main seismic phases. A 1-D modified PEM-C S velocity model (MC35) 1-D Reference Earth Model S velocity to 2885 km Continental point data MC35 reference Earth model is based on the continental Earth model PEM-C . MC35 replaces PEM-C ‘s high- and low-velocity zones of the uppermost mantle (to the depth of 210 km) with a constant shear-wave velocity of 4.5 km/s. Smoothed Preliminary Reference Earth Models (SPREM) 1-D Reference Earth Model S velocity 40 to 680.0 km Globa PREM_Vsv and SPREM_Vsh reference Earth models are based on the global reference model PREM with the discontinuities smoothed. For each propagation path analyzed the crust of SPREM_Vsv or SPREM_Vsh is replaced by the path averaged crust taken Average of the TNA and SNA models 1-D Reference Earth Model S velocity 0 to 2891 km Point data
- 3. (TNA/SNA) An averageof the TNA (Tectonic North America) and SNA (Shield North America) S velocity models of Grand and Helmberger (1984) A 1-D modified PEM-C S velocity model (MC35) 1-D Reference Earth Model S velocity 0 to 2885 km Continental point data MC35 reference Earth model is based on the continental Earth model PEM-C . MC35 replaces PEM-C ‘s high- and low-velocity zones of the uppermost mantle (to the depth of 210 km) with a constant shear-wave velocity of 4.5 km/s. Global SV wave upper mantle model updated until September 2017(3D2017_09Sv) 3-D Tomography Earth Model SV wave velocity, Azimuthal anisotropy and peak to peak anisotropy 40 to 1000 km Global 3D2017_09Sv is the current update of our background model 3D2015_07Sv up to September 2017 3-D isotropic shear-wave model for Africa from full-wave ambient noise tomography (Africa.ANT.Emry-etal.2018 3-D Tomography Earth Model Shear-wave velocity (km/s) Included in the netCDF are depths from 33-614 km; best model resolution is at ~100-400 km (latitude: -41.4° to 51.6°, longitude: -32.6° to 66.4°) Africa.ANT.Emry-etal.2018 is a 3-D isotropic shear-wave tomographic model of Africa and neighboring regions. Model is constrained by long period (40-340 sec.) 3D shear-wave velocity model (Alaska.ANT+RF.Ward.2018) 3-D Tomography Earth Model Shear-wave velocity (km/s) 0 to 70 km (bsl) The Alaskan Cordillera (latitude: 52°N/73°N, longitude: 113°W/173W°) The model incorporates seismic data from an earlier ambient noise tomography study (Ward, 2015) along with new Transportable Array data to image the shear wave velocity structure of the Alaskan Cordillera from the joint inversion of surface wave dispersion and receiver functions. Regional finite-frequency teleseismic P-wave tomography model for the Eastern Mediterranean 3D Tomography Earth Model Relative P-wave velocity (%dVp) 100.0 - 900.0 km Latitude: 26.0 to 49.0 Longitude: 12.0 to 57.0
- 4. Model uses relativearrival time residuals from 936 earthquakes recorded at 313 stations of a variety of temporary and permanent seismic deployments in Turkey, Greece, Cyprus, and Armenia. Residuals are measured in four frequency bands and inverted in a finite-frequency tomographic inversion Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM) 1-D Reference Earth Model full model 0 to 6371.0 km Point data The Preliminary Reference Earth Model, Dziewonski and Anderson (1981) , is an average Earth model that incorporates anelastic dispersion and anisotropy and therefore it is frequency-dependent and transversely isotropic for the upper mantle. Parametric Earth Models (PEM) 1-D Reference Earth Model full model 0 to 6371.0 km Point data Continental Parametric Earth Model (PEM-C) reflects different properties of the continental upper mantle.s Oceanic Parametric Earth Model (PEM-O) reflects different properties of the oceanic upper mantle Global upper mantle surface wave tomography model(CAM2016) 3-D Tomography Earth Model S velocity Upper mantle (40 to 680 km Global CAM2016 is a group of global upper mantle models based on multi-mode surface wave tomography P- and S-velocity models for the western US integrating body- and surface-wave constraints(DNA13) 3-D Tomography Earth Model P and S velocity perturbations(%) 0 to 1280km (best resolution 0 to 1000km) United States (25°/52°, -126°/- 72°) The DNA13 model integrates teleseismic body-wave traveltime and surface-wave phase velocity measurements into a single inversion to constrain the P- and S-wave velocity structure s A global compressional velocity model of the mantle from cluster Analysis of long-period Waveforms (HMSL-P06) 3-D Tomography Earth Model Compressional velocity perturbation (%) 66 to 2900 km Global (- 90°/90°, - 180°/180°) HMSL-P06 is an isotropic P velocity model with 18 layers (approximately 100 km thickness in the upper mantle and 200 km in the lower mantle) and 2578 blocks in each layer (approximately 4 degree equal area blocks at the equator). The upper mantle is constrained to be a scaled North American upper mantle surface wave tomography model (NA04) 3-D Tomography Earth Model S velocit Upper mantle (70 to 670 km) North America (10°/85°, -170°/- 55°)
- 5. NA04 is derivedfrom inversion of the fundamental and higher mode Rayleigh waveforms using the Partitioned Waveform Inversion technique, Nolet (1990) . The data set used includes waveforms from about 1400 regional seismograms recorded at North American digital broadband seismic stations (including the USArray Transportable Array waveforms). 3D P-wave velocity model of Yellowstone from joint inversion of local earthquake and teleseismic travel-time data(YS-P- H15) 3-D Tomography Earth Model P-wave velocity (km/s) and perturbation (%) -4 to 160 km (0 km refers to sea level Yellowstone (latitude: 43.55°/45.2°, longitude: - 111.55°/- 109.75° The model integrates local earthquake and teleseismic travel-time data into one inversion to constrain the 3-D P-wave velocity structures of Yellowstone from the upper mantle to the upper crust A global radially anisotropic mantle shear velocity model with improved crustal corrections(SAW642ANb) 3-D Tomography Earth Model Anisotropic S velocity Whole Mantle (~50 to ~2850 km) Global (- 90°/90°, - 180°/180°) SAW642ANb is a radially anisotropic shear velocity model, parameterized in terms of isotropic S velocity (Voigt average) and the anisotropic parameter, xi (Vsh2/Vsv2).
- 7.
- 8.
- 9.
- 10.
- 11.
- 13.
- 14.
- 15.
- 16.
- 18.
- 19.
- 20.
- 21.
- 22.
- 26.
- 27.
- 28.
- 29.
- 30.
- 31.