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Vital signs
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- 2. INTRODUCTION Vital signs area basic component of assessment of physiological and psychological health of client. 1. BODY TEMPERATURE 2. PULSE 3. RESPIRATION 4. BLOOD PRESSURE A. Identify specific life threatening conditions and plan the needed nursing interventions. B. Detect changes in the client’s health status.
- 3. BODY TEMPERATURE •Body temperaturemay be defined as the degree of heat maintained by body. •The regulation of the body temperature is maintained by two mechanisms: THERMOGENESIS THERMOLYSIS •NORMAL BODY TEMPERATURE: ORAL:98.6* f RECTAL:99.6*f AXILLARY:97.6*f
- 4. WAYS OF PRODUCING Oxidation of the food Exercise Strong emotions Hormonal effect Change in the environmental Diseased conditions. WAYS OF LOSING HEAT FROM THE BODY Skin Lungs Kidneys
- 5. TYPES OF THERMOMETER 1.Glass Thermometer 2. Electronic Thermometer 3. Tympanic membrane Thermometer 4. Disposable paper Thermometer.
- 6. PULSE Pulse isan alternate expansion and recoil of an artery as the wave of blood is forced through it during the contraction of the left ventricle. Characteristics of the pulse 1. RATE 2. RHYTHM 3. VOLUME 4. TENSION. Normal pulse:- 70 to 80 per minute
- 7. SITES OFTAKING PULSE
- 8. STETHOSCOPE • Stethoscope areusing for hear the sound of heart and lungs.
- 9. RESPIRATION Respiration isthe act of breathing. It is the process of taking in oxygen and giving out carbon. Respiration may be internal and external. Respiration is controlled by the respiratory centre in the brain called medulla oblongata. Characteristics of Respiration:- 1. RATE 2. AGE 3. EXERCISE 4. DISEASE CONDITIONS.
- 10. NORMAL RESPIRATION:- -16 to 20 per minute.
- 11. BLOOD PRESSURE Bloodpressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels as it flows through them. There are two pressure:- - Systolic pressure - Diastolic pressure. Normal blood pressure:-120/80 mm Hg.
- 12. B.P.APPAEATUS Sphygmomanometer isused for blood pressure measurment.