Vitamin k

Vitamin k

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  Welcome To My presentation
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  Name: MD. ZahirulIslam Roll:333 Batch:12th Presentation of Vitamin K
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  Vitamin k isa group of lipophilic hydrophobic vitamins. Fat soluble compound necessary for the synthesis of several proteins required for blood clotting.
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  Types of vitamink Occurs in several forms:  Vitamin K1 (Phylloquinone)  Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone)  Vitamin K3 (Menadione) – synthetic form
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  Sources of VitaminK Phylloquinone: Green leafy vegetables Menaquinone: Intestinal bacteria Intestinal bacterial synthesis meets the daily requirement of vitamin K even without dietary supplement Menadione: synthetic form vegetable oil
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  Adequate Intake forVitamin K Life Stage Age Males (mcg/day) Females (mcg/day) Infants 0-6 months 2.0 2.0 Infants 7-12 months 2.5 2.5 Children 1-3 years 30 30 Children 4-8 years 55 55 Children 9-13 years 60 60 Adolescents 14-18 years 75 75 Adults 19 years and older 120 90 Pregnancy 18 years and younger - 75 Pregnancy 19 years and older - 90 Breast-feeding 18 years and younger - 75 Breast-feeding 19 years and older - 90 As outlined by the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) of the Institute of Medicine in the US (January 2001)
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  Functions of VitaminK Coenzyme for the synthesis of prothrombin and blood clotting factors in the liver Prothrombin and clotting factors are protein in nature
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  Mature prothrombin andclotting factors contain g-carboxyglutamate after carboxylation reaction Vitamin K is essential for the carboxylase enzyme involved Dihydroquinone form of vitamin K is essential for this reaction
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  Symptoms of VitaminK Deficiency • Bruising from bleeding into the skin • Nosebleeds • Bleeding gums • Bleeding in stomach • Blood in urine • Blood in stool • Tarry black stool • Extremely heavy menstrual bleeding • In infants, may result in intracranial hemorrhage
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  Deficiency of VitaminK Deficiencies are rare: it is synthesized by the intestinal bacteria Hypoprothrombinemia: increased blood coagulation time May affect bone growth and mineralization Malabsorption of lipids leads to vitamin K deficiency
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  Deficiency of VitaminK Prolonged antibiotic therapy Gastrointestinal infections with diarrhea Both of the above destroy the bacterial flora leading to vitamin K deficiency Deficiency most common in newborn infants Newborns lack intestinal flora Human milk cannot provide enough vitamin K Supplements are given by injection
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  Clinical Manifestations ofthe Deficiency Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn Bruising tendency, ecchymotic patches (bleeding underneath the skin) Mucus membrane hemorrhage Post-traumatic bleeding / internal bleeding Prolonged prothrombin time
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  Prevention/Treatment  Vitamin Kcan be given orally  In the case of someone who improperly absorbs fat or is at high risk of bleeding, Vitamin K can be injected under the skin  If a drug is causing Vitamin K deficiency, the dose is altered or extra Vitamin K is given  In people who suffer from both severe liver disorders and Vitamin K deficiency, Vitamin K injections may be insufficient so blood transfusions may be necessary to replenish clotting factors.
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  Thanks to All