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Warehouse management
This document discusses key aspects of warehouse management. It explains that warehouses are typically located near consumption points and factories near raw material sources. It also defines a warehouse as a place to store items for sale. The document outlines important warehouse functions like receiving, storing, dispatching, and record keeping. It discusses storage techniques, inventory management methods, and the roles of third party logistics providers.
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Introduction to Warehouse Management as a crucial component of supply chain logistics.
Factors influencing warehouse location: proximity to consumption and resources, transportation costs, and other advantages.
Key features of a functional warehouse, including storage conditions, stock rotation, and techniques like FIFO and OPFO.
Elements and constraints involved in designing an efficient warehouse, such as building layout and equipment.
Essential data needs for effective warehouse management including volume storage, product characteristics, and order profiles.
Management of different product pack types and analysis of SKUs for inventory movement optimization.
Continuous inventory auditing process and assessing dispatch efficiency based on order execution timeliness.
Overview of warehousing activities from procurement to distribution centers and importance of C&F activities.
Criteria for selection, required resources, and remuneration packages for C&F agents to facilitate warehousing.
Importance of optimal layouts in warehouses for smooth operations, facilitating FIFO/OPFO methods.
Recap of warehouse functions, stacking types, inventory methods FIFO/OPFO, and C&F's role in warehousing.
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Warehouse management
- 1. Chapter-05 Warehouse Management Warehouse Management
- 2. Warehouse Management • Organizationschoose their warehouses locations normally as near as possible to the points of consumption • Similarly they locate their factories (Normally) as near as possible to the source of raw materials Warehouse Management
- 3. In case ofmanufacturing , the selection of site may be dictated by • Existing facility of the organization • Availability of resources e.g. labour • Tax advantages, concessions • Scope for further expansion • Overall cost of set up • Industrial climate • Records of other industries etc. Warehouse Management
- 4. In case ofwarehouses , the selection of site may be dictated by • How close it is to the area to be serviced • Apart from the cost of transportation, locating the depot nearer to the point of consumption imparts the edge of being able to reduce the response time substantially • Outside town limits, so that octroi is not paid Warehouse Management
- 5. Warehouse • Combination oftwo words ”ware” and “House” which means that it is a place to house or store/keep wares i.e. items/articles for sales Warehouse Management
- 6. A functional warehouseshould ensure that wares stored therein are • In the best condition • Easily available • Properly accounted for • Rotated so that the older ones are moves out first • secured /protected from losses and damages • Separately segregated between good and bad Warehouse Management
- 7. Functions of warehouse • Receipts of items • Storing the same properly • Dispatching products as per requirements • Preparing related documents • Maintaining records of transactions Warehouse Management
- 8. Receipt of items •The warehouse must check the materials received are as per the indent • Condition of the materials must be checked for any damages, shortage • Recording receipt should be prompts, and accurate • Stock rotation can be properly enforced Warehouse Management
- 9. Storage • Materials tobe stored properly, securely, and in a fashion that the operational efficiencies are maintained at a very high level. • Stocks are liquid assets • Proper maintenance of quality in storage has also to be taken care of Warehouse Management
- 10. Types of stacking Carton Carton Carton Carton Carton Carton Carton Carton Normal Stacking Honey Comb Staking Warehouse Management
- 11. Honey Comb Stacking •Cartons are stacked in a fashion whereby the arrangement ensures an open shaft like space is kept till the top of the stack that allow air circulation through the height of the stack enhancing the quality of storage • Separate lots ensure that the movements are made form distinct lots so that FIFO is maintained Warehouse Management
- 12. FIFO and OPFO •FIFO – First In First Out – Material which is received earlier will be dispatched first • OPFO – Oldest Pack First Out – Material which is having earlier date of manufacturing will be dispatched first (Old Pack) Warehouse Management
- 13. Pallet • Palletisation isan option which can also be extended to utilization of stacks. • The pallets made of 2 layers of wood has open space in between, which can enable forklift to lift pallet loads easily and move around Warehouse Management
- 14. Designing a Warehouse •Elements of warehouse are interdependent and comprise – Land & building – Management and staff – Equipment – Computer and software – Operating methods & procedures Warehouse Management
- 15. Constraints in designinga warehouse • Existing land • Existing buildings • Existing equipments that may have to be used • Existing system software • Staff or union objections on automation • Government regulations on street access, space restrictions, environment requirements Warehouse Management
- 16. Data needs forwarehouse • How the goods are received , in what volume • How they are put away and stored • The physical characteristics of each SKU • What volume of stock needs to be stored in each subgroup • What are typical order profile Warehouse Management
- 17. Data needs forwarehouse • Must orders be checked and repacked • What will be the work content and physical volume per tasks • Must goods be so arranged & physical volume per tasks • What types of vehicles have to be accommodated • What effects do certain day of the week/month or any other seasonal factor have on the pressures, and inventory levels Warehouse Management
- 18. Data Collections &Analysis • Product Quantity Analysis – Show the number of pallets, or units which have to be stored in each line. It will show how dense or selective the storage system can be • Product Movement Analysis – Show the rate at which each product line moves through the warehouse with indications of whether they move out in cartoons or pallets Warehouse Management
- 19. Split Case andFull Case Items • Product can exist in several pack types. e.g. there may be large shippers, which contain a number of cartons, each of which may contain units in certain numbers. Thus within large cartons there can be small inner cartons. When such is the case it is important to identify the pack sizes and types in which the goods are sold. Warehouse Management
- 20. Pareto’s Analysis C Top 10-20% SKU account for A 70-90% movement S E S Last 50% SKU account for Less than 5% movement M Last 25 % SKU account for 1% of O movement V E D SKU s BY MOVEMENT Warehouse Management
- 21. Perpetual Inventory Audit •System involves continuos checking of inventory on an on going basis as against an annual stock checking at the year end • Organization also conduct a packed stock reconciliation across the several storing points starting from the factory to check that all the goods brought into system have been accounted for Warehouse Management
- 22. Dispatches • Dispatching efficiencycan be assessed on the basis of the period of time in which the customer orders are executed, like what percentage executed on same day etc. • Reasons for non-execution can be – Non-availability of stock – Non-availability of credit limit – No-availability of blank cheques Warehouse Management
- 23. Warehousing activities atdifferent stages • At procurement stage – Take care of inputs into the manufacturing operation • Factory stage – Involves raw material, packing material, work in progress, as well as finished goods. • Multiple manufacturing points – Often resort to a central warehouse • Distribution centers are the final lot of sink in the supply chain Warehouse Management
- 24. Activities of C& F A • Timeliness of order execution • Quality of items sent • Information back up • Secondary transportation efficiency • Adherence to procedures such as cheque deposits Warehouse Management
- 25. Selection procedure forC & FA • Performance assessment of C&FAs operating in the market • Through advertisements • Even trying out absolutely new ones on the bases of track records • Trying out employees separating from the organization on superannuation Warehouse Management
- 26. Resources required byC & FA • Storage space of requisite specification • Special receiving facilities • Staff for the several functions • Handling arrangement • Communication facilities • Secondary transportation facilities Warehouse Management
- 27. Remuneration package forC & FA • A per unit remuneration • Percentage of sales • Fixed expenses at actual as per amounts agreed Warehouse Management
- 28. Layouts • Layout shouldbe such that activities are and can be carried out without any delay • In order to facilitate FIFO or OPFO the layout should facilitate storage in separate easily identifiable lots, from which the stores in charge can pick properly • Physical removal of goods should be possible Warehouse Management
- 29. Summary • Organizations choosetheir warehouses locations normally as near as possible to the points of consumption • Combination of two words ”ware” and “House” which means that it is a place to house or store/keep wares i.e. items/articles for sales • There are two types of stacking 1. normal 2. honey comb stacking. Warehouse Management
- 30. Summary • FIFO representsFirst In First Out method of inventory management and OPFO Oldest Pack First Out. • C & FA plays major role in warehousing function. Warehouse Management