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Weather and Climate
This document provides information about weather, climate, and climates of the Philippines for a 120 minute lesson in high school earth science. It defines weather and climate, describes factors that influence climate such as latitude, altitude, proximity to bodies of water, and prevailing winds. It also outlines the four climate types in the Philippines and discusses the northeast and southwest monsoon wind systems that influence the country's seasonal rainfall patterns.
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Overview of a 120 min lesson for Grade 9 on weather and climate, focusing on understanding factors affecting climate and engaging in climate change adaptation.
Daily weather updates as of March 25, 2021, highlighting the importance of current weather knowledge.
Introduction to meteorology, the study of weather, and the distinction between weather (short-term) and climate (long-term patterns).
Key weather factors: temperature, precipitation, wind speed, humidity, cloud cover, air pressure, and wind direction; includes climatic factors like latitude and altitude.
Explaining how latitude impacts temperature and climate, noting that lower latitudes result in warmer climates.The effect of altitude on climate, emphasizing cooler climates at higher elevations, irrespective of latitude.Geographical impacts on climate: mountains, plains, and prevailing winds that affect regional weather patterns.
Factors influencing rainfall: latitude, seasonal monsoons, and ocean influence on precipitation amounts.
Overview of the three main climate types: tropical, middle-latitude, and polar climates, with characteristics of each.Overview of polar climates, highlighting tundra and ice cap climates near the poles.
Classification of Philippine climates into four types based on seasonal rainfall patterns.
Description of prevailing wind systems in the Philippines, highlighting the northeast (Amihan) and southwest (Habagat) monsoons.
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Weather and Climate
- 1. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science WEATHER AND CLIMATE Johnel V. Esponilla Earth Science Teacher
- 2. Content Standard The learnersdemonstrate understanding of factors that affects climate, and the effects of changing climate and how to adapt accordingly. The learners should be able to participate in activities that reduce risks and lessen effects of climate change. Performance Standards Keywords Learning Competency 1. Explain how different factors affect the climate of an area. 2. Describe certain climatic phenomena that occur on a global level.
- 3. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science WEATHER UPDATE AS OF MARCH 25, 2021
- 4. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science WEATHER UPDATE AS OF MARCH 25, 2021
- 5. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science The study of weather is known as METEOROLOGY. Specialist in this area are known as METEOROLOGISTS. Every day they forecast what weather will be like. For many people, this has only a small impact on their lives, but for others it is very important. Fishermen and pilots could not do their job without weather reports. WHY STUDY THE WEATHER?
- 6. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science It is the day to day changes in the atmosphere. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WEATHER AND CLIMATE? It is the pattern of weather, usually based over 30 years. It reflects short term conditions of the atmosphere. It is the averaged daily weather for an extended period of time at a certain location. CLIMATE WEATHER 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
- 7. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science TEMPERATURE FACTORS IN WEATHER PRECIPITATION WIND SPEED HUMIDITY CLOUD COVER AIR PRESSURE WIND DIRECTION
- 8. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science LATITUDE FACTORS IN CLIMATE ALTITUDE DISTANCE FROM BODIES OF WATER OCEAN CURRENTS TOPOGRAPHY
- 9. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science The amount of solar radiation received from the sun is determined by two factors: 1. The angle at which the sun’s rays strike the earth, and 2. The length of time in which the sun shines during a particular day. CLIMATE What factors affect the average temperature in a given place? LATITUDE of an area is its distance from the equator
- 10. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science CLIMATE What factors affect the average temperature in a given place? LATITUDE of an area is its distance from the equator
- 11. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science the lower the LATITUDE, the warmer the climate; the higher the latitude, the colder the climate
- 12. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science The ALTITUDE of a place also determines its climate. Even places near the equator experiences a cold climate if they are located at a high altitude compared to those located at sea level. CLIMATE What factors affect the average temperature in a given place? ALTITUDE is the height above sea level
- 13. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science The presence of land and water masses affect the climate of a place. Since land surfaces heat and cool faster than water surfaces, land regions experience HOTTER SUMMERS and COLDER WINTERS compared to sea regions in the same latitude. CLIMATE What factors affect the average temperature in a given place?
- 14. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science
- 15. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science Mountains and plains determine how distant winds affect the climate of a region. CLIMATE What factors affect the average temperature in a given place?
- 16. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science
- 17. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science The direction of prevailing winds can cause cool summer and mild winters along the sea coast. CLIMATE What factors affect the average temperature in a given place? PREVAILING WINDS are winds that blow consistently in a given direction over a particular region on earth.
- 18. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science
- 19. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science Rainfall is also affected by latitude. Regions where warm, moist wind rise such as in the doldrums have heavy rains throughout the year. Regions in the traders and low latitude are mostly dry while those in the prevailing easterlies have moderate rainfall all year. CLIMATE What factors affect the average rainfall in a given place?
- 20. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science DOLDRUMS = heavy rain TRADERS and LOW LATITUDE = mostly dry PREVAILING EASTERLIES = moderate rainfall
- 21. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science Seasonal winds, called monsoons may bring rainy weather during some months and dry weather in other months. CLIMATE What factors affect the average rainfall in a given place?
- 22. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science
- 23. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science When winds blow in from the ocean, the region nearest the ocean gets the most rainfall. The warmer the ocean, the heavier the rainfall. CLIMATE What factors affect the average rainfall in a given place?
- 24. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science
- 25. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science CLASSIFICATION OF CLIMATES IN THE WORLD TROPICAL CLIMATES MIDDLE-LATITUDE CLIMATES POLAR CLIMATES
- 26. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science TROPICAL CLIMATE These climates are located within 300 above and below the equator.
- 27. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science TROPICAL CLIMATE Tropical rain forest Savannah Tropical desert Tropical steep
- 28. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science MIDLLE-LATITUDE CLIMATE These climates are located between 300 and 650 latitude.
- 29. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science MIDDLE LATITUDE CLIMATE Mediterranean Humid subtropical Marine west coast Humid continental Dry continental Subarctic
- 30. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science POLAR CLIMATE Close to the poles the sun is not seen during the winter for as long as six months.
- 31. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science POLAR CLIMATE Tundra Ice cap
- 32. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science CLIMATES OF THE PHILIPPINES TYPE I TYPE III TYPE II TYPE IV
- 33. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science Two pronounced seasons: DRY from November to April and WET during the rest of the year. TYPE I CLIMATE Western part of Luzon, Mindoro, Negros and Palawan
- 34. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science No dry season; with a very pronounced maximum rain period from November to April. TYPE II CLIMATE Catanduanes, Sorsogon, eastern Albay, eastern and northern Cam Norte and Cam Sur, easter Mindanao, eastern Quezon, and Samar
- 35. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science Seasons are not very pronounced; relatively dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the year. TYPE III CLIMATE Western parts of Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya, the eastern portion of Mountain Provinces, Southern Quezon, Masbate, Romblon, Northeast Panay, Eastern Negros, Central and Southern Cebu, part of northern Mindanao, and part of Eastern Palawan
- 36. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science Rainfall more or less evenly distributed throughout the year. TYPE IV CLIMATE Batanes, North-eastern Luzon, South-western Camarines Norte, Western Camarines Sur and Albay, Bondoc Peninsula, Eastern Mindoro, Marinduque, Western Leyte, Northern Cebu, Bohol and most of central, eastern and southern Mindanao
- 37. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science In the Northern Hemisphere, a high pressure area develops over India and Southern Siberia in winter. Why? PREVAILING WIND SYSTEMS OR MONSOONS IN THE PHILIPPINES It reaches the Philippines from a north-easterly direction and the air mass is called the NORTHEAST MONSOON (AMIHAN).
- 38. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science NORTHEAST MONSOON (AMIHAN) - October to late March
- 39. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science A cold air mass develops over the Pacific Ocean and begins to move the Asian continent. This forms the SOUTHWEST MONSOON (HABAGAT). PREVAILING WIND SYSTEMS OR MONSOONS IN THE PHILIPPINES
- 40. Duration: 120 minHigh School Grade: 9 Earth Science SOUTHWEAST MONSOON (HABAGAT) - Late June to October