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Wilt of pigeon pea
This document summarizes the wilt disease of red gram/pigeon pea/arhar. It was first reported in 1906 and is the most dangerous disease affecting the crop. Symptoms include wilting and blackening of the stem near the soil that spreads upwards. The pathogen is Fusarium udum, which infects the vascular tissues and can survive as macroconidia and chlamydospores in the soil. Management strategies include crop rotation of 4-5 years, mixed cropping with jower which produces HCN, green manuring with neem and jatropha, soil treatment with formalin, and growing resistant varieties.
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Wilt of pigeon pea
- 1. Wilt of Redgram/Pigeon pea/Arhar DR. RAJBIR SINGH Assistant Professor Department of Plant Pathology Gochar Mahavidyalaya, Rampur Maniharan, Saharanpur (UP), India Affiliated to Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut (UP), India Email: [email protected], [email protected] Cell No. 91-9456613374
- 2. Wilt of Redgram/Pigeon pea/Arhar • Reported by Butler in 1906 • Most dangerous disease of pigeon pea • All arhar growing states of India • Loss – 50%
- 3. Symptoms • Generally 5-6weeks DAS but at any stage • Symptoms appear after rainy season • Appear in patches • Plant affected partially or completely • Blacking on stem near soil & upward several feet • Cortex filled with white/ white pinkish mycelial growth • Wilting & dieing of plants
- 8. Systemic Position Kingdom –Mycota/ Fungi Division – Eumycota Sub division – Deuteromycotina Class – Hypomycetes Order – Hypomycetales Family – Dematiaceae Genus – Alternaria Species - solani
- 9. Pathogen: Fusarium udum- Perfect stage Gibberella inica – Imperfect stage • Vascular tissues – filled with mycelium • Survive as macroconidia &chlamydospore • Fav. Tem. – 17-19° C • Microconidia- form on mycelium (6-11 x 2-3 µm) • Macroconidia–form in sporodochia, 3-4 septa (15-50 x 3-5 µm) • Chlamydospore – form on mycelium (5-10 µm) diameter • Asospore – 8 (60-80 x 6-10 µm )
- 10. Macro conidia ofFusarium oxysporium
- 11. Macro and Microconidia of Fusarium oxysporium
- 12. Chalamydospore of Fusariumoxysporium
- 14. Disease Management • Croprotation of 4 – 5 years • Mixed cropping – Jower + Arhar Jower ---- HCN • Green Manuring – Neem & Jatropha • Soil treatment – 1 part Formalin + 400 parts water • Disease resistant varieties – C- 11, KWR-1, S-103, Pusa 853, Pusa 855 etc.
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