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WWII global history
The document summarizes the key events leading up to and during World War II. It describes the rise of fascist dictators like Hitler in Germany and Mussolini in Italy in the 1930s. It also discusses Japan's invasion of China and Manchuria in the 1930s. The summary then outlines some of the major battles and turning points of WWII, including Stalingrad, D-Day, and the dropping of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, which led to Japan's surrender.
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WWII global history
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- 2. Causes of WWII1) G reat Depression : Worldwide economic crisis puts too much stress on many countries 2) F ascism : rise of aggressive dictators in Europe and Japan 3) L eague of Nations : League was too weak to stop Japanese, Italian, & German aggression 4) A ppeasement: encouraged Hitler, allowed German Army to become strong 5) T reaty of Versailles: Ruined German economy, led to aggression by Germany, Japan, Italy
- 3. The World inthe 1930’s The Soviet Union Ruled by dictator Joseph Stalin Totalitarian government: the government and every aspect of the peoples’ lives is controlled by one party 5 year plans forced USSR to modernize Execution & torture of political enemies
- 4. It a lyFascist dictator Benito Mussolini in power Fascism = militarism, extreme nationalism (my country is always right) and total loyalty to the leader “Il Duce” Invaded and took over Ethiopia; 1935
- 5. Germany Germany kepttaking more and more land from its neighbors while the League of Nations did nothing. Rhineland, Sudetenland, Austria Adolph Hitler & Nazi Party came to power by blaming Jews for Treaty of Versailles along with most of Germany's problems Fascist Government German invasion of Poland caused WWII in Europe
- 6. Japan Depression hurtJapanese economy Military took over Emperor Hirohito Superior Japanese would conquer all of Asia Invaded Manchuria, China; 1931
- 7. USA President: FDRForeign policy of isolationism (WWI) Focused on Western Hemisphere Good Neighbor policy in Latin America "In the field of world policy I would dedicate this nation to the policy of the good neighbor--the neighbor who resolutely respects himself and, because he does so, respects the rights of others."
- 8. USA Good Neighborpolicy in Latin America: No more military interventions in L.A. Marines out of Haiti & Nicaragua Platt Amendment (Cuba) annulled… kept base at Guantanamo
- 9. WWII Begins 1937;Asia: Japan begins total war with China The Rape of Nanking: 300,000 civilians & POW’s killed in 6 weeks
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- 11. Appeasement at MunichHitler kept taking more and more land UK & France thought he would stop Agreed to give Czechoslovakia to Germany Peace in our time. Sucker!
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- 13. War in EuropeSummer, 1939: Nazi-Soviet Non-aggression Pact September, 1939: -Blitzkrieg- Germany Invades Poland.– England & France declare war on Germany & its allies; Italy & Japan. 1940 Germany Invades France successfully using Manstein Plan (like Schleiffen Plan)
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- 15. German Invasion ofPoland
- 16. Germany Conquers Franceusing Manstein Plan
- 17. Axis vs. AlliesAxis Germany Italy Japan Allies England France USSR USA
- 18. US Moves TowardWar 1) Cash & Carry , Old Destroyers to UK. 2) More $ for the military, 1 st peace-time draft declared 3) June 1941: Hitler launches surprise attack on Soviet Union breaking non-aggression pact 4) Lend-Lease Act : March 1941, allowed US to sell or lease military supplies to the Allies including U.S.S.R. Is this isolationism?
- 19. On December 7th 1941 the Japanese Navy attacked the US Naval Base at Pearl Harbor, Hawai’i
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- 24. The U.S.S. Arizonacontinues to leak oil in this 2004 photograph
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- 26. WHY did theJapanese attack the United States?
- 27. Because… 1) TheU.S, was conducting an embargo which kept the Japanese from acquiring the raw materials and petroleum they needed to keep their war machine going 2) The Japanese knew that war with the U.S. was inevitable, so they hoped to destroy our navy before the war started.
- 28. Reactions to theattack US citizens want revenge
- 29. Reactions to theattack Congress declares war on Japan Germany and Italy declare war on US
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- 31. Major Battles &Turning Points Siege of Stalingrad: Nazis running out of oil. Need to get oil in Caspian Sea. Can’t conquer Stalingrad. 900 day siege, Nazis fail. 1 million Soviets die . Stalingrad
- 32. Stalingrad Important becausethe Soviets did not allow the Nazis to get the oil that their war machine needed. Tide of war began turning in favor of the Allies
- 33. The Japanese inthe Pacific By 1942 the Japanese controlled much of the Pacific US Navy (aircraft carriers) started to turn the tide at the Battle of Wake Island
- 34. Battle of ElAlamein British defeat Germans in Africa Beat German General Erwin Rommel Saved supply route Cut Nazis off from oil Allied Supplies
- 35. Invasion of Italy,1943 Combined British & American invasion of Italy didn’t go very well, but it stretched the German army very thin
- 36. Invasion of Normandy(D-Day), 1944 Allies invade France to free it from German control Created 2 Front war for Germany Germany will soon be overpowered by Allies
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- 38. Allies Win, FDRDies 1944: British, Americans, Soviets all close in on Berlin Hitler commits suicide in bunker, Germans surrender. FDR wins re-election in 1944, dies in 1945. Harry S Truman becomes President
- 39. War in thePacific A. US Goals: i. Regain the Philippines ii. Invade the Japanese Islands
- 40. War in thePacific… B. Island Hopping: invade Japan by capturing islands in the Pacific along the way
- 41. Island Hopping i.Navajo code-talkers help US forces communicate without Japanese interception
- 42. Island Hopping ii.Gen. MacArthur leads US forces to victory in Philippines, Iwo Jima, & Okinawa
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- 45. II. Surrender ofJapan Potsdam Declaration: Allies demand unconditional surrender or Japan will face, “prompt and utter destruction.” Enola Gay drops 1 st atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan; 70,000 people killed instantly. 3 days later another a-bomb dropped on Nagasaki. 40,000 people killed instantly. Many more people die later from radiation poisoning.
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- 49. The Holocaust 6million Jews, 5 million Gypsies, communists, homosexuals, mentally & physically disabled, POW’s, etc. Over 11 million people systematically murdered by the Nazi regime of Germany
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- 53. The Nuremberg TrialsWar crimes trials 1945-1946: The Allies put Nazi leaders on trial for the atrocities of the Holocaust “ I was just following orders” not an excuse 12 Nazi leaders hanged for their crimes