Technical Specifications For Control, Metering, Protection and Communication Systems
Technical Specifications For Control, Metering, Protection and Communication Systems
SECTION - VII
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
FOR CONTROL, METERING, PROTECTION AND
COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
7.1 GENERAL
It is planned to provide this Power Station with the systems based on state of art
technologies of control, metering, protection, communications and remote control. The
equipment offered against this section of specification shall meet the requirements and
specification laid down herein, shall be based on the latest techniques in the respective fields
and conform to the relevant Indian / International Standards and codes of practices.
7.2 SCOPE
The scope includes design, manufacture, shop testing, delivery, erection, testing,
commissioning and training of purchasers’ personnel for computer based automation systems
for the operation of power plant and switchyard from any control point that can be local, and
remote. The scope also includes data logging, alarm monitoring, unit control, protection,
metering, communication system and other components for making the system complete and to
ensure a trouble free and safe operation on turnkey basis. The power station will comprise the
following major components:
i. Local manual control of generating units from hard wired control panels located
in the control room as well as near the respective units.
ii. Local automatic control of generating units from control panels located in the
control room as well as near the respective units by PLC based unit controllers.
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b. Switchyard Control
i. Manual control from hard wired control panels located in the control room.
ii. Automatic control from computer based unit controller in the control room
using a remote terminal unit (RTU) located in the switchyard if required.
c. Data Acquisition
The PLCs will acquire data from generating units, transformers, 33 kV switchgear,
auxiliaries, transducers/sensors, CTs and VTs, etc. as necessary for their optimal operation.
Wherever signals are weak or there is strong noise due to EMI or RI etc, shielded cables shall
be used to carry signals/data.
Notes:
i. The control equipment offered should have been in successful operation for 2 years
in at least 2 power stations. Certificates to this effect from the users shall be
submitted by the bidder.
ii. The UPS required for the PLCs system and the batteries needed for the UPS for 1-
hour backup shall also be supplied by the contractor.
iii. Calculation for kVA rating of the UPS and battery specifications shall be submitted
by the bidder for purchaser’s consideration.
7.2.2 Synchronization
Window annunciation shall be provided on the control panels in the control room as
well as those near the generating units and the same shall be complete with audio and video
alarm system. The system shall be designed to have low DC power consumption.
7.2.4 Metering
i. All panel meters shall be digital with at least 2 cm digit size, at least three-and-
a-half digit LED display and accuracy class of 1.0.
ii. Energy metering shall be provided on the 33 kV and generators with
microprocessor based trivector meters of an accuracy class of 0.2 or better.
iii. Electronic energy meters of accuracy class of 1.0 or better will be provided for
metering at 250 kVA station transformer.
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ii. Generators and generator transformers shall have additional protection using
static (analog) relays.
iii. Digital relays shall be provided for the protection of feeder and station
transformer.
Temperature scanners and suitable printer shall be installed for stator windings, bearing
temperatures and transformers including cables from temperature sensors. The scanners shall
have two alarm settings for high temperature for each point adjustable over the entire range.
There shall be one scanner for each generating unit along with generator transformer. Each
scanner shall have atleast 32 channels.
The following control panels fitted with necessary devices and appropriately wired
using standard accessories shall be provided and located in control room. Each functional
control panel listed below can physically be comprised of more than one panel.
i. Unit control panel for each generating unit and generator transformer.
ii. Station transformers control panel.
iii. Synchronizing panel.
In addition, a unit control board fitted with necessary devices shall be installed on the
machine floor close to each generating unit for controlling its operation locally.
The scope shall cover supply, erection, testing & commissioning and handing over to
owner of a digital electronic private exchange of 8/10 lines along with 8/10 telephone sets,
including connection to subscribers for voice communication. The exchange will work on 48
V D.C.
Voice communication system shall have to be integrated with BSNL or other telephone
communication network.
7.2.9 Completeness
The contractor shall ensure supply of the spares for all the offered
equipment/components (at least one module of every type) for use for 5 years and any special
tools and plants, spanners etc. required for site assembly, erection, testing, commissioning,
operation & maintenance of the equipment.
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7.2.11 Documentation
The contractor shall provide all necessary drawings, diagrams and documentation of
equipment and software. The documentation in original shall also include six hard copies and
one soft copy of the following:
a. Hardware:
The necessary user, reference and service manuals along with the technical
specifications for all the hardware systems/sub-systems shall be supplied by the contractor.
The extent of documentation to be furnished shall be to the satisfaction of the Purchaser.
b. Software:
User and reference manuals related to complete software shall be supplied by the
contractor. The extent of the documentation to be furnished shall be to the satisfaction of the
Purchaser.
7.3 STANDARDS
Standard and codes to which the equipment must conform are given in Annexure 6/1.
Computer-based automation systems shall permit operation of the power plant and
switchyard from each of the three control points, namely local and remote. Local manual
control shall also be provided in the equipment as a backup.
Local control will be provided by equipment located near the generating unit as well as
in the control room. For each generating unit, there will be an independent PLC based unit
controller. Back up manual control shall be provided for each unit. Suitable remote terminal
units (RTUs) shall be provided in the switchyard and at station auxiliaries to enable control of
the switchyard equipment and station services.
Each PLC will have a dual power unit. The main power unit will work on 48 Volts
D.C. and the hot-standby power unit will take power from a UPS at 240 Volts A.C.
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The unit controllers will control the generating units individually and shall perform
following functions:
i. Governor control
ii. Excitation control
iii. Sequence control
iv. Alarm and annunciation
v. Synchronization
vi. Input from transducers & sensors
vii. Output to actuators
viii. Communication
ix. Active power control
x. Reactive power control
The equipment controlled and monitored during the start/stop sequence will include the
following:
Automation system shall have capability to provide diagnostic information in the event
something fails to operate during the start sequence/running.
The protective relays and devices of generator and turbine are proposed to be grouped
into four categories subject to modification by purchaser in consultation with
contractor/equipment supplier.
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The controlled action shut down system will not cause immediate tripping of the
generator and field breaker but smoothly transfer load and initiate tripping of generator
transformer breaker & field breaker only when entire load is transferred.
Immediate action shut down will be initiated by any of the following conditions:
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7.4.2.5 Synchronization
7.4.3 Protection
Protection relay panels for the generating units and 3.3/33 kV generator transformers
shall use microprocessor based (digital) and static (analog) relays as described in Generator
Protection. The 33 kV feeder shall be protected with microprocessor based digital relay as
described in 33 kV line protection herein after. Protective relays for other equipment shall be
digital type. Details of protection requirements are shown tentatively in drawing No.E-127-2.
7.4.4 Metering
The metering equipment (Meters, CTs and VTs) will meet the requirements shown in
drawing no. E-127-2.
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The auxiliary power at 415 V shall be taken from the 3.3 kV bus through one station
transformer and distributed as per requirement.
The D.C. power at 48 V for all controls, circuit breakers, relays and meters etc. shall be
obtained from one set of station battery. The battery bank shall have 300 AH capacity
tentatively and shall be float and boost charged from separate rectifier units. Tentative details
of charging arrangements and distribution are shown in drawing no. E-127-4. Further details
are given in subsequent paras. Calculations for the capacity of batteries shall be submitted by
the bidder for the consideration of the purchaser.
iii. The scope of the bidder is not limited to the parts & components explicitly
identified here in and shall have to provide any and all parts/components needed
to meet the functional requirements laid down herein.
All the protective relays will be housed in the control room of the Power Plant. The
tentative locations of C.T.s and P.T.s housed in GT and NG cubicle for the protection and
metering. Alternative arrangements may be proposed by the bidder.
The final drawings for the protection & metering shall be submitted by the contractor
and will be subject to the approval by the Purchaser.
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All current and voltage transformers required for protection system of the unit shall
have adequate VA burdens, knee point voltage, saturation factor and characteristics suitable for
the application, and shall be subject to approval of the Owner.
i. The protection system shall be built on latest technology and the bidder has to
guarantee for supply of spares for at least 10 years. Moreover, the bidder should
have full range of manufacture of the system offered.
ii. Wide setting ranges with fine setting steps for each protection shall be available.
iii. The offered system shall have proven record of satisfactory performance for at
least 2 years and in two power stations. Necessary certificates to this effect shall
be a part of the offer.
iv. The protective relays shall preferably be housed in draw out type of cases with
tropical finish.
v. Common tripping relays (each for similar functions) will be provided with lock-
out facilities. All these relays shall have potential free contacts for trip and alarm
purposes and externally hand reset type of flag indicators
7.6.4.1 An integrated numerical protection relay incorporating the following functions shall be
provided for each generator:
Generator
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Transformer
i. Generator transformer differential protection.
ii. Generator T/F over current and earth fault protection with high set
instantaneous element (50, 64)
iii. Generator T/F stand by earth fault protection (64 GT)
iv. Measurements
v. Sequence of events recording
vi. Disturbance recording
vii. Self diagnosis and supervision
7.4.6.2 In addition, the following static (analog) protective relays shall be provided:
7.6.4.3 Following protection provided on the generator transformers shall also be integrated
with the main protection described above:
Note: Though the generator shall be synchronized at 3.3 kV, neutral displacement protection
has been provided through a neutral grounding transformer of 5 kVA rating with a ratio
of 3.3/ 3 kV /110/ 3 volts (Ratings are tentative and subject to confirmation). There
shall be a provision in the relay for time grading to avoid operation of the relay function
on 33 kV bus fault. The ratings of this transformer are tentative, the bidder shall submit
detailed calculations.
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A numerical directional inverse-over current and earth fault relay with high set unit
shall be provided on 33 kV line.
Station supply is provided through 1 No. 3.3/0.415 kV 250 kVA station transformer.
This transformer will supply power to all the auxiliaries of the unit and station general supply.
(a) Digital IDMT over current and earth fault relay with high set
instantaneous element (50/51/64.)
(b) T/F winding temp high alarm/trip control.
(c) T/F oil temperature high alarm
(d) Bucholz relay with alarm and trip control
Digital IDMT over current & earth fault protection with high set instantaneous element
(50/51/64).
The unit control panel for each generating unit shall accommodate necessary relays,
measuring instruments, indicators, control unit, control switches, annunciator, temperature
scanner etc. for the operation of the generating unit from control room. The generating units
shall be controlled from this control panel during starting, stopping and normal running in
manual and auto modes. Some important controls, instruments, annunciations etc. shall be
duplicated or additionally provided on a unit control board mounted in machine hall near
governor cabinet for operation of the unit, details of which shall be decided in consultation
with the purchaser.
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Synchronising switch shall be mounted near each circuit breaker control switch on the
respective unit control panel. Contacts provided in each switch shall be connected in the
closing circuit of the respective breaker so that the breaker cannot be closed until the switch is
turned to the “Synchronising” position. Switches shall be arranged so that the handle will be
locked only in the ‘OFF’ position and check synchronizing relay shall be provided, so that the
breaker could be closed only when voltage, frequency and phases are properly matched.
Provision for closing the breaker without synchronising check should also be made
with the check synchronising switch in OFF position.
All necessary interlocks, auxiliary potential transformers, auxiliary relays, wiring of the
synchronizing bus inside the control panel, fuses, clamps and other accessories for satisfactory
synchronizing operation shall be provided by the contractor. The synchronizing scheme is
subject to purchaser’s approval.
One control panel for the station transformer and other for distribution transformer shall
be provided complete with necessary relays, measuring instruments, indicators, control
switches, annunciator etc.
(i) When an external initiating contact is closed, the audible warning shall sound
continuously and the appropriate facia shall be illuminated by flashing light.
(ii) An “acknowledge” push button shall be provided on control desk and near the
annunciator unit which when pressed shall stop the audible signal and cause the
facia to remain illuminated steadily.
(iii) The annunciator facia illumination shall normally be designed to retain the
indication after the re-opening of the initiating contact. A “reset” push buttom shall
restore the annunciator to the normal condition.
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(iv) A test button shall be provided close to the “acknowledge” and “reset” buttons to
illuminate all the facias on the associated display unit for as long as the “test”
button is held in pressed condition.
(v) In case there is a second fault on a system when the first is alreadybeing shown by
the facia, the annunicator shall show the second fault also even when the first is
existing on facia.
The following facilities shall be provided with each of the annunciator points :-
An A.C. operated relay with A.C. buzzer and A.C. indicating lamp with reset push
button shall be supplied for annunication of D.C. supply failure.
Alarm horns, flicker light relays, necessary hardware and any other auxiliary equipment
required to complete the annunciation system shall be provided.
Each individual equipment shall be routine tested as per IEC/IS at the work’s of
supplier in presence of Owner.
The contractor shall organize and execute a complete factory test of the system. The
system shall be erected in his workshop in the engineered configuration and shall be tested for
the following:
i. Operation requirements
ii. Operating characteristics
iii. Response times
iv. Software functions
v. Deficiencies
Various process signals shall be simulated for carrying out above system tests. The
Supplier shall submit routine test reports of each equipment and the total system.
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The contractor shall carryout tests at site as per relevant IEC/IS standards as follows in
the presence of and to the entire satisfaction of the owner:
i. Calibration checks (on sample basis) on all factory calibrated meters and
transducers.
ii. Acceptance tests on all other devices fitted on the control panels and earlier tested
in factory.
iii. IR tests on panels.
iv. Continuing and IR tests on external cablings.
v. Calibration checks/acceptance tests on all devices and equipment connected to the
control panels.
vi. Functional checks on each equipment/object controlled from unit controllers with
control circuits de-energised.
vii. Functional checks on controllers with power circuits de-energised.
viii. Verification of all manual control functions from unit control panels.
ix. Verification of all control sequences from unit controllers with power and control
circuits energised.
x. Watch up each generating unit and perform all start/stop sequences on it.
7.11 TRAINING
Training of the personal of the department shall be arranged by the Contractor at the
suppliers works and project site.
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ANNEXURE-7/1
CODES OF PRACTICE AND STANDARDS
IEEE Std 1249 – 1996 Guide for computer based control of hydroelectric
plant automation
IEEE Std 1020 – 1988 Guide for control of small hydro plant
IEEE Std1010 – 1987 Guide for Control of Hydro Electric Power Plant
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