Name

GENERIC NAME: Paracetamol BRAND NAME BIOGESIC CLASSIFICATION: Antipyretic Analgesic ROUTE: TIV DOSE: 1amp FREQUENCY: PRN (T>37.8C)

Mechanism of Action
Reduces fever by acing directly onhypothalamic heat-regulating center to cause vasodilation & sweating, which helps dissipate heat. Still unclear as analgesic

Indication
In patients with aspirin allergy, hemostatic disturbance, bleeding diseases, upper GI disease, gouty arthritis Common colds, flu, other viral infections with pain and fever Musculo-skeletal pain

Contraindication
Hypersensitive to drug Use cautiously in patients with impaired hepatic fxn, chronic alcoholism, & pregnancy lactation

Side Effects
Headache, dyspnea, myocardial damage (if overdosed), Hepatic toxicity & failure, jaundice, acute kidney failure, cyanosis, hematuria, anuria, pancytopenia, hypersensitivity (rash, fever)

Nursing Responsibility
Consult physician if needed for children ,3years. If needed for >10 days, if continued fever, severe recurrent pain occurs (possible serious illness) Avoid using multiple preparations Give drug with food if GI upset occurs Discontinue if hypersensitive to the drug

GENERIC NAME: Ferrous sulfate BRAND NAME: Vitelle Irospan, Fero-Grad-500 CLASSIFICATION: Iron Preparation

Elevates the serum iron concentration which then helps to form High or trapped in the reticuloendothelial cells for storage and eventual conversion to a usable form of iron.

Prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemias. Dietary supplement for iron.

Hypersensitivity Severe hypotension

Dizziness, N & V, Nasal Congestion, Dyspnea, Hypo-tension, CHF, MI, Muscle cramps, Flushing

Advise patient to take medicine as prescribed. Caution patient to make position changes slowly to minimize orhtostatic hypotension

ROUTE: PO DOSE: 1 cap FREQUENCY: OD

Instruct patient to avoid concurrent use of alcohol or OTC medicine without consulting the physician. Advise patient to consult physician if irregular heartbeat, dyspnea, swelling of hands and feet and hypotension occurs. Inform patient that angina attacks may occur 30 min. after administration due reflex tachycardia. Encourage patient to comply with additional intervention for hypertension like proper diet, regular exercise, lifestyle changes and stress management. Can be admininistered with or without food. Monitor BP

GENERIC NAME: Amlodipine BRAND NAME: Norvasc

Inhibits calcium ion influx across cardiac an smoothmuscle cells, ilates coronary arteries and arterioles, decreases BO

Treatment of HTN and prophylaxis of angina

Severe hypotension and aortic stenosis, extreme bradycardia or heart failure, hepatic impairment.

Edema, headache, arrhythmias including ventricular tachycardia

CLASSIFICATION: Calcium Antagonist ROUTE: PO DOSE: 1 tab (5mg) FREQUENCY: OD

and myocardial oxygen demand.

frequently during initiation of therapy. Because drug-induced vasodilation has a gradual onset, acute hypotension is rare. Notify prescriber of signs of heart failure occur, such as swelling of hands and feet or SOB. Instruct client not to drive/operate machinery until drug effects are realized; may cause drowsiness or uneasy gait. Report if deep, rapid respirations, headaches or mental slowing occurs; may indicate hyper chloremic metabolic acidosis. Remind client that intake of Spironolactone may cause breast swelling and diminisheds ex drive due to reduction of testosterone levels.

Generic Name: Spirinolactone Classification: Potassiumsparing Diuretic ROUTE: PO DOSE: 1 TAB FREQUENCY: OD

Mild diuretic that acts on the distal tubule to inhibit sodium exchange for potassium, resulting in increased secretion of sodium and water conservation of potassium. An Aldosterone antagonist .Manifests a slight Anti Hypertensive effect. Interferes with synthesis of testosterone and may increase formation of estradiol from estrogen thus

Primary hyper aldosteronism, adjunctive therapy in the therapy in the treatment of edema associated with CHF, nephritic syndrome, hepatic cirrhosis, treatment of hypokalemia or prevention of hypokalemia inpatients at high risk if hypokalemia occurs; essential hypertension.

Acute renal insufficiency, progressive renal failure, hyperkalemia, and anuria. Clients receiving potassium supplements, amiloride or triamterene

Dizziness, headache, drowsiness, rash, cramping, diarrhea, hyperkalemia, hirsutism, gynecomastia, deepening of the voice, irregular menses.

Generic Name: Furosemide BRAND NAME: Lasix Classification: Electrolytic and water balance agent; loop diuretic ROUTE: PO DOSE: 1 TAB FREQUENCY: OD

leading to endocrine abnormalities. Rapid-acting potent sulfonamide loop diuretic and antihypertensive with pharmacologic effects and uses almost identical to those of ethacrynic acid. Exact mode of action not clearly defined; decreases renal vascular resistance and may increase renal blood flow.

Treatment of edema associated with CHF, cirrhosis of liver, and kidney disease, including nephrotic syndrome. May be used for management of hypertension, alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents, and for treatment of hypercalcemia. Has been used concomitantly with mannitol for treatment of severe cerebral edema, particularly in meningitis.

History of hypersensitivity to furosemide or sulfonamides; increasing oliguria, anuria, fluid and electrolyte depletion states; hepatic coma; pregnancy (category C), lactation.

Hypovolemia, dehydration, hyponatremia hypokalemia, hypochloremia metabolic alkalosis, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia (tetany), hyperglycemia, glycosuria, elevated BUN, hyperuricemia. GI: Nausea, vomiting, oral and gastric burning, anorexia, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal cramping, acute pancreatitis, jaundice.

Observe patients receiving parenteral drug carefully; closely monitor BP and vital signs. Sudden death from cardiac arrest has been reported. Monitor BP during periods of diuresis and through period of dosage adjustment. Observe older adults closely during period of brisk diuresis. Sudden alteration in fluid and electrolyte balance may precipitate significant adverse reactions. Report symptoms to physician. Lab tests: Obtain frequent blood count, serum and urine electrolytes, CO2, BUN, blood sugar, and uric acid values during first few months of therapy

and periodically thereafter. Monitor for S&S of hypokalemia. Monitor I&O ratio and pattern. Report decrease or unusual increase in output. Excessive diuresis can result in dehydration and hypovolemia, circulatory collapse, and hypotension. Weigh patient daily under standard conditions. Monitor urine and blood glucose & HbA1C closely in diabetics and patients with decompensated hepatic cirrhosis. Drug may cause hyperglycemia. Generic Name: cefuroxime Inhibits cell wall synthesis promoting osmotic instability usually bactericidal Perioperative prevention Contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to drug or other cephalosporin. Use cautiously in CV: phlebitis, thrombophlebitis GI: diarrhea, anorexia, vomiting Before giving dug. ask patient if she is allegic to penicillin or cephalosporin. Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity tests

Brand Name: Xorimix

Pharmalogical Class: 2nd generation cephalosporin

patients hypersensitive to penicillin because of possibility of crosssensitivity with other beta lactam antibiotics

Hematologic: hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, transient neutropenia, eosinophilia

before giving first dose. absorption of oral drug is induced

Therapeutic Class: Cephalospori 750 mg 1 tab BID GENERIC NAME: Kalium Durule BRAND NAME: Potassium chloride Classifications: Electrolytic and water balance agent; Replacement solution Principal intracellular indication; essential for maintenance of intracellular isotonicity, transmission of nerve impulses, contraction of cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscles, maintenance of normal kidney function, andf or enzyme activity. Plays a prominent role in both formation and correction of imbalances in acid base metabolism. To prevent and treat potassium deficit secondary to diuretic or corticosteroid therapy. Also indicated when potassium is depleted by severe vomiting, diarrhea; intestinal drainage, fistulas, or mal absorption; prolonged diuresis,diabetic acidosis. Effective in the treatment of hypokalemic alkalosis(chloride, Severe renal impairment; severe hemolytic reactions; untreated Addisons disease; crush syndrome; early post operative oliguria (except during GI drainage);a dynamic ileus; acute dehydration; heat cramps, hyperkalemia patients receiving potassiumsparing diuretics,digitalis intoxication with AV conduction disturbance GI: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal distension. Body Whole: Pain, mental confusion, irritability, listlessness, paresthesia of extremities,muscle weakness and heaviness of limbs, difficulty in swallowing, flaccid paralysis. Urogenital: Oliguria, anuria. Hematologic: Hyperkalemia. Respiratory: Monitor I&O ratio and pattern in patients receiving the parenteral drug. If oliguria occurs, stop infusion promptly and notify physician. Lab test: Frequent serum electrolytes are warranted. Monitor for and report signs of GI ulceration(esophageal or epigastric pain or hematemesis). Monitor patients receiving parenteral

not the gluconate)

Respiratorydistress. CV: Hypotension, bradycardia; cardiac depression, arrhythmias, or arrest; altered sensitivity to digitalis glycosides. ECG changes in hyperkalemia: Contraindications or tenderness 1. Allergic reaction to the drug or hypersensitivity 2. Presence of blood clots (eg, in the leg, lung, eye, brain), have a history of blood clots, or are at risk for blood clots 3. Current administration of factor IX complex concentrates or anti-inhibitor coagulant concentrates

potassium closely with cardiac monitor. Irregular heartbeat is the earliest clinical indication of hyperkalemia.

GENERIC NAME: TRANEXAMIC BRAND NAME: Hemostan, Fibrinon, Cyklokapron, Lysteda, Transamin Classification: Anti-fibrinolytic, antihemorrhagic

Tranexamic acid is a synthetic derivative of the amino acid lysine. It exerts its antifibrinolytic effect through the reversible blockade of lysine-binding sites on plasminogen molecules. Anti-fibrinolytic drug inhibits endometrial plasminogen activator and thus prevents fibrinolysis and the breakdown of blood clots. The plasminogen-plasmin enzyme system is known to cause coagulation defects through lytic activity on fibrinogen, fibrin and other clotting factors. By inhibiting the action of plasmin

Tranexamic acid is used for the prompt and effective control of hemorrhage in various surgical and clinical areas: gynecological: abortion, postpartum hemorrhage and menometrorrahgia epistaxis, hemoptysis, hematuria, peptic ulcer with hemorrhage and blood dyscrasias with hemorrhage

bleeding pattern should be immediately reported to the physician. are taking Tranexamic acid to control heavy bleeding, the medication should only be taken during the menstrual period. should be used with extreme caution in CHILDREN younger than 18 years old; safety and effectiveness in these children have not been confirmed.

urination persistent headache persistent body malaise breath

(finronolysin) the antifibrinolytic agents reduce excessive breakdown of fibrin and effect physiological hemostasis.

promoting hemostasis in traumatic injuries. hemorrhage after orthopedic surgeries.

be taken with or without meals. Tranexamic Acid whole with plenty of liquids. Do not break, crush, or chew before swallowing. of Tranexamic Acid, take it when you remember, then take your next dose at least 6 hours later. Do not take 2 doses at once.