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MARCH 2005
2

INDEX
AUDIO CONSOLE (OTE) MODEL - AK100/S
CHAPTER 1 : GENERAL

CHAPTER 2 : TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION

10

CHAPTER 3 : OPERATION

11

1.1

Purpose of This Handbook

1.2

Introduction

1.3

Handbook Organisation

3.1

Control, Indicators and Connectors

3.1.1

Front Connectors Description

3.1.2

Front Panel Connectors

3.1.3

Rear Panel Connectors

3.1.4

Controls And Indicators Description

3.2

Start up Procedure

3.3

Ancillary Devices
3.3.1

Handset

3.3.2

Handheld microphone

3.3.3

Headset

3.3.4

Foot PTT

3.3.5

Connection cable

3.3.6

External power supply

CHAPTER 4 : TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

4.1

Architecture Overview

4.2

Mechanical Description

4.3

Signal Exchange

4.4

Functional Description

24

CHAPTER 5 : MAINTENANCE

5.1

5.2

Preventive Maintenance
5.1.1

Tasks

5.1.2

Equipment and Tools

5.1.3

Procedures
[Link]

Equipment Cleaning

[Link]

External Connectors Inspection

[Link]

Equipment Status Check

Corrective Maintenance
5.2.1

AK100/S replacement

5.2.2

Troubleshooting procedures

30

LIST OF FIGURES OF AUDIO CONSOLE (OTE) MODEL - AK100/S

Figure 1.1 AK100/S Equipment

... ...................................

Figure 3.1 Devices

.............................................. 11

Figure 3.2 AK100 Rack-fitting version devices ................................. 12

Figure 3.3 Front side connectors

............................ 14

Figure 3.4 Rear side connectors

............................ 14

Figure 3.5 Handset

............................ 17

Figure 3.6 Handheld microphone

............................ 19

Figure 3.7 Headset

............................ 20

Figure 3.8 Foot PTT

............................ 21

Figure 3.9 Power supply

............................ 23

Figure 4.1 AK100 layout

............................ 24

Figure 4.2 AK100 rack-fitting version layout ........................... 24

Figure 4.3 Signal exchange

............................ 26

Figure 4.4 Block scheme

27

Figure 5.1 Module extraction

33

LIST OF TABLES OF AUDIO CONSOLE (OTE) MODEL- AK100/S

Table 3.1 Devices list

....................................

12

Table 3.2 AK100 Rack-fitting version devices ....................................

13

Table 3.3 - Headset connector pin function

................................

13

Table 3.4 Power supplies connectors

15

Table 3.5 Foot PTT connector

...........................................

15

Table 3.6 Ext LSD connector

........................................

15

Table 3.7 DTR connector (IN/OUT REC)

...........................................

16

Table 3.8 Handset features

........................................

18

Table 3.9 Handset connector pin function

...........................................

18

Table 3.10 Handheld microphone features

...........................................

19

Table 3.11 Handheld microphone connector pin function .........................

19

Table 3.12 Headset features

.......................................

20

Table 3.13 Headset connector pin function

........................................

21

Table 3.14 Foot PTT features

...........................................

21

Table 3.15 Foot PTT connector pin function ....................................

22

Table 3.16 Power Supply features

...........................................

23

Table 3.17 Power Supply DC connector pin function................................

23

Table 4.1 Mechanical characteristic

...........................................

25

Table 4.2 Signal exchange

...........................................

26

Table 5.1 Periodic maintenance basic operations ..........................

30

Table 5.2 Periodic maintenance tools

...........................................

31

Table 5.3 Failure event index

...........................................

34

LIST OF ANNEXURES OF AUDIO CONSOLE (OTE)

MODEL - AK100/S

Annexure 1

Safety Recommendation

..

41

Annexure 2

Glossary of Acronyms

..

46

Chapter 1

General

CHAPTER 1 - GENERAL
This section introduces the AK100 module and the handbook itself, by
describing their tasks, operating modes and scenarios.
The following figure shows the AK100 layout.
AK100

AK100 Rack-fitting version

Figure 1.1 AK100/S equipment

1.1 PURPOSE OF THIS HANDBOOK

The purpose of this handbook is to provide operators and technical staff with
the necessary knowledge of the equipment architecture and operating, in
order to make possible daily activity (e.g. normal use and routine operations),
as well as installation, maintenance, etc.
Handbook user is supposed to have a good skill in telecommunications and
RF basics, to understand the given terms and parameters.
Only trained and qualified personnel may operate the equipment. Nonobservance of these conditions and the safety instructions can result in
personnel injury or in property damage.
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Chapter 1

General

1.2 INTRODUCTION
The AK 100 is dedicated to the DTR 100 (and/or GTR100) transceiver and is
suitable to operate the radio from remote.
The equipment has function of handling audio line and displaying the PTT and
SQUELCH status; AK100 is also able managing SQUELCH override
command.
1.3 HANDBOOK ORGANISATION
This handbook is organized into following sections:

Section 1 General.
Introduces the equipment, also providing a description of the equipment
operating modes.

Section 2 Technical Specifications.

This section contains a list of the main technical data, and gives to
operator all necessary information for a correct and safe use of the
equipment.

Section 3 Operation. This section describes all the aspects related to

the normal use of equipment, e.g. showing function of each of the front
panels controls and indicators.

Section 4 Technical description.

Contains a technical description of the equipment: this includes an overall
HW description. Block diagrams indicating circuit operations are given, as
well as external and internal I/Fs.

Section 5 Maintenance.
Gives useful information about preventive actions to be undertaken
periodically in order to maintain the equipment. In addition contains
information

about

fault

detection

and

helpful

information

about

troubleshooting.

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Chapter 2

Technical Specifications

CHAPTER 2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

This section of the handbook describes the equipment technical features, and
gives all the instructions and warning for a correct and safe use of the
equipment. Operators are strongly recommended to respect given indications;
non-observance of these instructions can result in personnel injury or in
property damage.
FEATURES
Here below listed equipment technical features.
Equipment - General, mechanical, environmental, safety
Feature

Description and Value

Main power

90 to 264 VAC, 50 to 60 Hz (external power supply)

Vdc supply

11 / 13 VDC, 3.80 A max (external power supply)

Emergency power supply

Available as 12VDC 10%

Power consumption:

max 400 mA @ (220VAC)

Max. current absorption:

max 400mA @ 12 VDC

I/O accessories audio lines

Handset

Microphone :
electret-type
Type:
unbalanced
Audio band :
300 to 3400 Hz
Nominal input level :
7 mV r.m.s. @ 1 kHz
Earphone :
dynamic-type
Impedance :
200 Ohm
Audio band :
300 to 3400 Hz
Nominal output level: 10 mW @ 1 kHz
Hook:
NC contact with standing Microtelephone.
NO contact with hold-on Microtelephone.

I/O accessories audio lines

Headset

Microphone:
Type:
Audio band:
Nominal input level:
Earphones:
Impedance:
Audio band:
Nominal output level:

electret-type
unbalanced
300 to 3400 Hz
11.5 mV r.m.s. @ 1 kHz
dynamic-type
16 Ohm
300 to 3400 Hz
10 mW @ 1 kHz

I/O accessories audio lines

Microphone (dynamic)

Type:
Audio band:
Nominal input level:

unbalanced
300 to 3400 Hz
3.5 mV r.m.s. @ 1kHz

I/O accessories audio lines

Microphone (electret)

Type:

unbalanced

Audio band:
Nominal input level:

300 to 3400 Hz
7 mV r.m.s. @ 1kHz

I/O transceiver audio lines

Type:
Impedance:
Audio band response:

balanced
600 Ohm
300 to 3400 Hz, 3 dB,
ref.0dB @ 1 kHz
Nominal Tx output level: -10 dBm, 3 dB @ 1kHz
Nominal Rx input level: -10 dBm, 3 dB @ 1kHz

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Chapter 2

Technical Specifications

Recording audio level

> -13dBm , 600 OHM load @ 1kHz

S/N (CCITT weighted I/O nominal levels)

> 45 dB for loudspeaker, earphones outputs

> 35 db for microphone outputs

I/O Logic Output Line (SQL OFF out)

Active with GND (negative pole)

I/O Logic Output Line (PTT out)

Active with GND (negative pole)

I/O Logic Input Line (SQL in telesignal)

Active with GND (negative pole)

Audio and signaling cable

Loudspeaker output power

Maximum length 200 m, standard length 50 m

Nominal 2W , max 3 W @ 1kHz, 12.5 VDC power supply

Total audio distortion

At nominal power level 3% @ 1kHz

External Dimensions

H=128.5 mm; W= 213.1mm; D=140mm

Weight

2 Kg (3 Kg if mounted in a console or in a shelf)

Color

RAL 5005 light blue

Operating environmental range

Temperature range + 5 to + 40C

According to ETSI ETS 300 019-1-3 class 3.11

Non Operating storage environmental range Temperature range - 5 to + 45C

According to ETSI ETS 300 019-1-1 class 1.22
Transport environmental range

Temperature range - 25 to + 70C

According to ETSI ETS 300 019-1-2 class 2.23

EMI/RFI:

According to CEI-EN specifications for CE marking

According to ETSI 301 489-224 specifications

EMC & Safety standard

CE mark
According to EN 300 3395 specifications

Safety class:

According to EN 609506 (4th edition 2001-02)

Protection class

Class III (According to IEC 664) 7

Class I (rack-fitting version) (According to IEC 664)8

Installation category

II in accordance with IEC 6649

IP class

IP20

Ref: ETSI ETS 300 019 - Environmental conditions and environmental tests for
telecommunications equipment.
Ref: ETSI ETS 300 019 - Environmental conditions and environmental tests for
telecommunications equipment.
Ref: ETSI ETS 300 019 - Environmental conditions and environmental tests for
telecommunications equipment.
Ref: ETSI 301 489-22 - Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters
(ERM); General ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment and
services; Part 22: Specific conditions for ground based VHF aeronautical mobile and fixed
radio equipment.
Ref: ETSI EN 300 339 - Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters
(ERM);General ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) for radio communications
equipment.
Ref: CEI EN 60950 (1997-10) - Safety for information technology equipment including
electrical business equipment.
Class III : The equipment satisfies the severe requirements of reliability and availability
corresponding to industrial and domestic permanent installations.
Class I : The equipment safety is based on the integrity of the connection to the general
ground system. Active parts (e.g. parts under voltage) are protected by fundamental
isolation; accessible conductive parts (e.g the chassis) must be connected in reliable and
safe way to a safety grounding point.
Ref: IEC 664 - Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems Principles, requirements and tests.

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Chapter 3

Operation

CHAPTER 3 OPERATION
The purpose of this section is to describe the operational management of the
AK100 equipment specifically control and indicator devices.

3.1 CONTROL INDICATORS AND CONNECTORS

All the controls and indicators of the equipment are located on the front side of
equipment. The rear panel is devoted to external signals and power
connections.
Here below the figure shows the equipment front and rear view and the table
gives a description of all indicators, switches and connectors.

Figure 3.1 Devices

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Chapter 3

Operation
Table 3.1 Devices list

The AK100 can be mounted in a shelf suitable for Eurostandard-rack-fitting.

Here below the figure shows the equipment front and rear view and the table
gives a description of all indicators, switches and connectors.

Figure 3.2 AK100 Rack-fitting version devices

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Chapter 3

Operation
Table 3.2 AK100 Rack-fitting version devices

3.1.1 Front Connectors description

Handset connector. It is a RP12 12-pin socket; it is located on the front side
and it is used to connect the local handset.
Microphone connector. It is a RP12 12-pin socket; it is located on the front
side and it is used to connect the local microphone.
Headset connector. It is a RP12 12-pin socket; it is located on the front side
and it is used to connect the local headset.
The following table gives the connectors pin function
Table 3.3 Headset connector pin function

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Chapter 3

Operation

3.1.2 Front panel connectors

The following figure shows the connector located on the front panel.

Figure 3.3 Front side connectors

3.1.3 Rear panel connectors

The following figures show the connectors located on the rear panel in both
AK100 versions.

Figure 3.4 Rear side connectors

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Chapter 3

Operation
Table 3.4 Power supplies connectors

Table 3.5 Foot PTT connector

Table 3.6 Ext LSD connector

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Chapter 3

Operation
Table 3.7 DTR connector (IN/OUT REC)

3.1.4 Controls and Indicators description

Controls are located on the front side of the equipment. They consist in two
potentiometers, which allow for volume regulation of loudspeaker and
headphone/handphone. In addition, three pushbuttons that switch on/off the
squelch, loudspeaker and headphone/handphone sets.
All controls are listed in the following table.

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Chapter 3

Operation

Indicators are suitable to indicate the equipment operative, status and alarm
signaling from the transceiver.
All indicators are listed in the following table.

3.2 START-UP PROCEDURE

The AK100 equipment doesn't need of any particular switching on procedure
as the equipment continuously operating.
Anyway, it is necessary to connect the external power supply and set the
magnetothermal switch in the ON position.
3.3 ANCILLARY DEVICES
The following paragraphs describe the optional accessories that can be
connected to the AK100 equipment.
3.3.1 Handset
The Handset kit is equipped with PTT button and standing support:

Figure 3.5 Handset

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Chapter 3

Operation

The following table shows technical characteristics of the headset.

Table 3.8 Handset features

The following table shows the pin functions of the handset connector.
Table 3.9 Handset connector pin function

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Chapter 3

Operation

3.3.2 Handheld microphone

The Handheld microphone is provided with PTT button:

Figure 3.6 Handheld microphone

The following table shows characteristics of the Handheld microphone.

Table 3.10 Handheld microphone features

The following table shows the pin functions of the Handheld microphone
connector.
Table 3.11 Handheld microphone connector pin function

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Chapter 3

Operation

3.3.3 Headset
The Headset kit is equipped with:
PTT switch:
Noise rejection: ipercardioid
Quickly adjustable microphone boom
Lightweight adjustable headband
Hypoallergenic soft foam ear cushions

Figure 3.7 Headset

The following table shows characteristics of the headset.

Table 3.12 Headset features

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Chapter 3

Operation

The following table shows the pin functions of the headset connector.
Table 3.13 Headset connector pin function

3.3.4 Foot PTT

Figure 3.8 Foot PTT

The following table shows characteristics of the foot PTT.

Table 3.14 Foot PTT features

The following table shows the pin functions of the Foot PTT connector.
Table 3.15 Foot PTT connector pin function

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Chapter 3

Operation

3.3.5 Connection cable

P3
P4

P1, P2, P3 and P4 connectors must be

Connected as follows:
DT100 rear side connections:
ALB card RJ45 TELCO connector (P1)
IMC card RJ45 CTRL connector (P2)
DR100 rear side connections:
ALB card RJ45 TELCO connector (P3)
IMC card RJ45 CTRL connector (P4)

J1
9
22
24
11
10
11
17
4
12
25
23
17
8
17

Pin assignment
Signal
P1
TX (balanced audio output 600 Ohm )
5
TX (balanced audio output 600 Ohm )
6
PTT DTR / DT
7
GND
8
P2
DTR / DT general alarm
6
GND
7
P3
GND
1
Squelch signaling input
2
RX (balanced audio input 600 Ohm )
3
RX (balanced audio input 600 Ohm )
4
PTT_DR
7
GND
8
P4
DR general alarm
6
GND
7

Civil Aviation Training College

Signal
TX (balanced audio input 600 Ohm )
TX (balanced audio input 600 Ohm )
PTT (+)
PTT (-)
Signal
General alarm output (+)
General alarm output (-)
Signal
Squelch signaling output (-)
Squelch signaling output (+)
RX(balanced audio output 600 Ohm )
RX(balanced audio output 600 Ohm )
PTT (+)
PTT (-)
Signal
General alarm output (+)
General alarm output (-)

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Chapter 3

Operation

3.3.6 External Power supply

Figure 3.9 Power Supply

The following table shows characteristics of the.

Table 3.16 Power Supply features

The following table shows the pin functions of the Power Supply connector.
Table 3.17 Power Supply DC connector pin function

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Chapter 4

Technical Description

CHAPTER 4 - TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

This section of the handbook provides functional descriptions of the
equipment, supported by block diagrams showing the relationship between
the hardware elements.
4.1 ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW
The AK100 comprises independent modules, each of them accomplishing a
different and specific function. The following figure highlights the equipment
modularity.

Figure 4.1 AK100 layout

Figure 4.2 AK100 rack-fitting version - layout

The equipment it is composed by a set of circuits as listed below:

Base Circuit
Pushbutton LEDs potentiometer Circuit
Frontal connection Circuit
In the Rack version the AK100 is mounted in a chassis and connected to a
Connector Board.
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Chapter 4

Technical Description

4.2 MECHANICAL DESCRIPTION

The AK100 equipment is suitable for installation inside console or chassis
according to Eurocard IEC 297/Section 3 standards. External dimensions are
listed in the following table.
Table 4.1 Mechanical characteristic

The equipment is designed on a full modularity philosophy, allowing easy

replacement of defective modules in case of failure, with negligible MTTR
figure. Chassis is arranged in a metallic frame equipped with handles and
rack-fitting hardware.
In the rack-fitting version the AK100 is connected to connector board that is
fitted onto the back of the equipment chassis. The connector board hosts the
connectors for external DC power and ports.
Connectors for audio ancillaries are located on the front side.
4.3 SIGNAL EXCHANGE
The block diagram in the following figure highlights the main signals
exchanged among the internal circuits and to/from external.

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Chapter 4

Technical Description

Figure 4.3 Signal exchange

The following table describes the signal exchanged.

Table 4.2 Signal exchange

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Chapter 4

Technical Description

4.4 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

The functional description of the equipment modules in the following
paragraph is given. In the following figure is shown a block diagram of the
AK100 equipment.

Figure 4.4 Block scheme

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Chapter 4

Technical Description

The front connection n circuit has the purpose to allow connection of the
various audio accessories to the equipment, by means of three sockets
placed on the front panel, and sends all the signals to the Base circuit that
contains the circuits for microphone and headsets amplification. This
circuit also features LC filtering to prevent RF feedback on audio lines.
The connectors suitable for connection of audio ancillaries are:
HANDSET

: for connection of handmicrophone with PTT.

MICROPHONE : for connection of electret microphone with PTT.

HEADSET

: for connection of a headset composed by an electret

microphone and two earphone caps.

The Pushbuttons, LEDs and potentiometers circuit has the purpose to

arrange in the same PCB all the pushbuttons, LEDs and potentiometers
for "Loudspeaker" and "Handset/Headset" volume adjustment. The circuit
connection to Base Circuit is done by a flat cable.

The Base circuit hosts almost all of the circuits of the AK100 equipment:

Filtering circuits for input/output signals to prevent EMI.

Microphone line audio amplifier circuits.

Audio amplifier circuits for headset, microtelephone, internal

loudspeaker and for the tape recorder output.

Voltage regulator that generates +8Vdc starting from external

+12Vdc (either from power supply, or from emergency battery).

A logic circuit that generates enabling signals, from PTT, squelch

and incoming signals from Pushbutton LEDs and Potentiometer
circuit.

The microphonic signals present on audio connectors (after its enabling

from the logic circuits) reaches the mixer and the result signal are sent to
transceiver DTR100 after an amplification stage and its enabling.
The RX audio signal coming from the DTR100 is sent to potentiometers for
volume adjustment of handset/headset by using the knobs placed on the
front of equipment. The signals are sent to audio connectors after enabling
by the squelch. The audio signal is also sent to a mixer that provides
combining TX and RX audio for a tape recorder.

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Chapter 4

Technical Description

When the PTT or squelch signals are active the "PTT" or "SQ" LEDs
placed on the front of AK 100 equipment are light.
The signals incoming from "HEADSET HANDSET OFF", "SPEAKER OFF"
and "SQ OFF" allow respectively for headset/earphones disabling,
loudspeaker muting and squelch-off signal enabling.
When an alarm is present on DTR100 equipment the ALM frontal indicator
is active. The Power supply voltages are routed to the AK100 power
switch, and their lines are also equipped by fuse for over-current
protection. The 12Vdc supply is finally sent to voltage regulator stage,
where a stabilized +8Vdc is generated for circuit supply. When this voltage
is present the "POWER" led placed on the front of AK 100 is active.

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Chapter 5

Maintenance

CHAPTER 5 MAINTENANCE
The purpose of this section is to provide operators and technicians
responsible for 1st and 2nd level maintenance.
This section provides the necessary information to carry out preventive
maintenance (e.g. all the operations necessary to maintain the equipment in
the best operating condition) and also provides troubleshooting procedures
(e.g. to identify failures and restore equipment efficiency).
WARNING

Maintenance and troubleshooting are intended to be carried out by

qualified technical personnel only

5.1 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

The operator may carry out all preventive actions in order to maintain the
equipment. Operations are limited to visual inspections, cleaning and
replacement of consumable parts of the equipment.
In addition, preventive maintenance also includes some simple instrumental
procedures to check the equipment status and performance.
5.1.1 Tasks
In following table tasks to be carried out periodically are listed.
Table 5.1 Periodic maintenance basic operations

5.1.2 Equipment and tools

Here below tools and equipment required for preventive maintenance
operations are listed. Equivalent items may be used if necessary.
None of the listed equipment and tools is provided together with the
equipment.
Unless indicated otherwise preventive maintenance operations must be
carried out with the equipment switched OFF and disconnected from any
external system.

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Chapter 5

Maintenance
Table 5.2 Periodic maintenance tools

5.1.3 Procedures
The following paragraphs detail the preventive maintenance procedures to be
carried out on the equipment.
Before starting, the operator must check for the availability of the tools listed
in related table.
[Link] Equipment cleaning
Cleaning operations of the equipment must be carried out even if the
equipment is installed in an air-conditioned environment. It is recommended
the use of cotton gloves to protect metal surfaces from skin oils.
Chassis cleaning should be done using a clean dry cloth or a brush. Every
traces of dust on the inside must be removed.
In case of grease or dirt on the connector pins, use a brush dampened with
specific solvent.
Do not use solvents to clean painted or anodized part and the display.
[Link] External Connectors inspection
External connector must be controlled; loose connectors may introduce
malfunction and/or mismatching. It is important to check the status of fuses;
they should be replaced in case of contact oxidation.
[Link] Equipment Status check
Equipment status should be checked weekly by browsing the control panel
display and verifying that no alarm is present. In case of alarm occurrence,
please refer to troubleshooting indications within this section.
5.2 CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE
This chapter contains all of the information and procedures necessary to 2nd
level maintenance staff to locate a defective module in the equipment.

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Chapter 5

Maintenance

Corrective maintenance includes the following tasks.

Acknowledgement of the controls and indicators or detection of the
failure.
Identification of the faulty element or condition.
Performing the appropriate corrective action, e.g. replacing the
defective module, or removing the condition that has caused the
failure.
Only personnel who have already acquired a working knowledge of the
theoretic principle and the operation of the equipment should carry out the
troubleshooting procedures.
5.2.1 AK100/S replacement
Should it be necessary to replace the AK100 module the operator must follow
these guidelines:

Switch OFF the equipment by turning off the switch on the

equipment rear side.

For the Console version:

Disconnect, in order, the signal interconnection cables and the

power supply cables on the back of the Console.

Unscrew the 4 captive screws which fasten the module to the

front of the Console

Replace the module with a spare one.

Screw down the screws that fasten the module to the front
panel of the Console.

Reconnect

the

power

supply

cables

and

the

signal

interconnection cables to the Console.

For the rack-fitting version:

Unscrew the 4 captive screws which fasten the module to the

front of the shelf.

Disconnect, in order, the PTT and LDS cables and the flat
cables on the back of the module

Replace the module with a spare one.

Reconnect cables to the module.

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Chapter 5

Maintenance

Screw down the screws that fasten the module to the front
panel of the shelf.

Switch ON the equipment.

If necessary, perform instrumental or operational check.

Figure 5.1 Module extraction

5.2.2 Troubleshooting procedures

Following index is suitable to associate each failure event to the relevant

page, where details are available describing the event and the actions to be
undertaken.

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Chapter 5

Maintenance
Table 5.3 Failure event index

O/P Msg. No.

Failure event # 1

O/P Msg.

Page No.

Front PWR indicator is not lighted after

29

switching on the equipment

Failure event # 2

To the VOLUME potentiometer regulation not

29

correspond a loudspeaker volume regulation

Failure event # 3

Front VOL-OFF indicator is not lighted after

30

pressure
Failure event # 4

To

HEADSET/HANDSET

potentiometer

30

regulation not correspond a headset/handset

volume regulation
Failure event # 5

Front HEADSET/HANDSET-OFF indicator is

31

not lighted after pressure

Failure event # 6

Front SQL-OFF indicator is not lighted after

31

pressure
Failure event # 7

Front PTT indicator is not lighted when the

32

equipment is in TX state
Failure event # 8

Front SQL indicator is not lighted when the

32

equipment is in RX state
Failure event # 9

Front ALM indicator is not lighted when

33

DTR100 is in alarm state and /or in not ready

state and/or switched off
Failure event # 10

No audio by loudspeaker

33

Failure event # 11

No audio functionality by a connected ancillary

34

device

Civil Aviation Training College

March 2005

Page 28 of 34

Chapter 5

Failure event # 1

Maintenance

Front PWR indicator is not lighted after switching

on the equipment

Failure information:

The equipment couldnt switch on and/or PWR

indicator could be damaged.

Corrective actions:

Switch off the equipment

Check the DC fuse and the power cables, and

verify if any failure is present.

Replace the damaged items if present.

After replacing, reconnect the power supply

cables to 12 Vdc BATTERY and 12 Vdc PSU
connectors.

Re-start the equipment.

If

failure

is

still

present

switch

off

the

equipment.

Replace the AK100/S module as described in

the related section.

Failure event # 2

Re-start the equipment.

To the VOLUME potentiometer regulation not

correspond a loudspeaker volume regulation

Failure information:

The loudspeaker volume regulation is not allowed.

Corrective actions:

Switch off the equipment

Replace the AK100/S module as described in

the related section.

Civil Aviation Training College

Re-start the equipment.

March 2005

Page 29 of 34

Chapter 5

Failure event # 3

Maintenance

Front VOL-OFF indicator is not lighted after

pressure

Failure information:

The VOL-OFF indicator pressure couldnt disable

the

loudspeaker

and/or

indicator

could

be

damaged.
Corrective actions:

Switch off the equipment

Replace the AK100/S module as described in

the related section.

Failure event # 4

Re-start the equipment.

To HEADSET/HANDSET potentiometer regulation

not

correspond

headset/handset

volume

regulation

Failure information:

The headset/handset volume regulation is not

allowed.

Corrective actions:

Check the headset and verify if any failure is

present.

Replace the damaged items if present.

If

failure

is

still

present

switch

off

the

equipment.

Replace the AK100/S module as described in

the related section.

Civil Aviation Training College

Re-start the equipment.

March 2005

Page 30 of 34

Chapter 5

Failure event # 5

Maintenance

Front HEADSET/HANDSET-OFF indicator is not

lighted after pressure

Failure information:

The HEADSET/HANDSET-OFF indicator pressure

couldnt disable the headset and the handset
devices

and/or

HEADSET/HANDSET-OFF

indicator could be damaged.

Corrective actions:

Switch off the equipment

Replace the AK100/S module as described in

the related section.

Failure event # 6

Re-start the equipment.

Front SQL-OFF indicator is not lighted after

pressure

Failure information:

If the SQL front indicator is lighted, the SQL-OFF

pressure couldnt disable the radio equipment
squelch.
Whilst, if the SQL front indicator is not lighted, the
SQL-OFF indicator could be damaged.

Corrective actions:

Switch off the equipment

Replace the AK100 module as described in the

related section.

Civil Aviation Training College

Re-start the equipment.

March 2005

Page 31 of 34

Chapter 5
Failure event # 7

Maintenance
Front PTT indicator is not lighted when the
equipment is in TX state.

Failure information:

Transmission couldnt occur and/or PTT indicator

could be damaged

Corrective actions:

Switch off the equipment

Check the DTR100 connection cable and verify

if any failure is present.

Replace the damaged items if present.

After replacing re-start the equipment.

If

failure

is

still

present

switch

off

the

equipment.

Replace the AK100 module as described in the

related section.

Failure event # 8

Re-start the equipment.

Front SQL indicator is not lighted when the

equipment is in RX state

Failure information:

Reception couldnt occur and/or SQL indicator

could be damaged.

Corrective actions:

Switch off the equipment

Check the DTR100 connection cable and verify

if any failure is present.

Replace the damaged items if present.

After replacing re-start the equipment.

If

failure

is

still

present

switch

off

the

equipment.

Replace the AK100 module as described in the

related section.

Civil Aviation Training College

Re-start the equipment.

March 2005

Page 32 of 34

Chapter 5

Failure event # 9

Maintenance

Front ALM indicator is not lighted when the radio

equipment is in alarm state and/or in not ready
state and/or switched off

Failure information:

Radio connection cable and/or ALM indicator could

be damaged.

Corrective actions:

Switch off the equipment

Check the radio connection cable and verify if

any failure is present.

Replace the damaged items if present.

After replacing re-start the equipment.

If

failure

is

still

present

switch

off

the

equipment.

Replace the AK100/S module as described in

the related section.

Re-start the equipment.

Failure event # 10

No audio by loudspeaker.

Failure information:

The external loudspeaker or the headset could be

present;

VOLUME

potentiometers

and/or

VOL_OFF could be damaged.

Corrective actions:

Disconnect the external loudspeaker or the

headset, if present.

If failure is still present switch off the equipment

Replace the AK100/S module as described in

the related section.

Civil Aviation Training College

Re-start the equipment.

March 2005

Page 33 of 34

Chapter 5

Failure event # 11

Maintenance

No audio functionality by a connected ancillary

device.

Failure information:

The ancillary device and/or related connector

could be damaged.

Corrective actions:

Switch off the equipment

Replace the ancillary device if damaged.

After replacing re-start the equipment.

If

failure

is

still

present

switch

off

the

equipment.

Replace the AK100 module as described in the

related section.

Civil Aviation Training College

Re-start the equipment.

March 2005

Page 34 of 34

Annexure
ANNEXURE - 1
SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS
Carefully read all the following cautions and warnings before using the
equipment.
WARNING
Do not use the equipment for uses different than those indicated in the
handbook.
WARNING
For correct use of equipment, refer to the relevant section within this
handbook.
WARNING
Protect the equipment from rainfalls, sprinkling of water and/or other
liquids, and from dust.
WARNING
Do not set any object on equipment.
WARNING
Connect the equipment to the equipment room ground bar through
dedicated connection, and not through physical contact with other frames.
WARNING
Do not use the equipment if it is not appropriately grounded or if ground is
absent.
WARNING
The electric shock can cause the interruption of the natural breathing. An
immediate action is necessary in order to restore breathing. It is therefore
necessary that the staff be familiarized with the various methods of
artificial breathing and cardiac massage. In case of incidents, caused from
high tension, an urgent medical aid is necessary to deal the possible
effects of the body poisoning caused from burns. In all the cases, proper
medical assistance must be requested. It is necessary to make sure that
any person who uses or takes care itself of the maintenance of the
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Annexure
equipment having parts under dangerous voltages is able of performing
artificial breathing, and it is necessary to instruct the staff on first aid
measures in case the need arises.
WARNING
Do not use the equipment if the power cable and/or the power supply
outlet are damaged.
WARNING
Install the equipment following the instructions given in this handbook.
The equipment must be installed in such a way complies with the national
regulations in effect.
WARNING
Wear protection gloves when handling the equipment.
WARNING
When handling the equipment be sure that all internal modules and cards
are safely screwed in their position into the chassis.
WARNING
The equipment weight can cause problems during its handling. Take the
necessary precautions, e.g. be assisted by another person if necessary.
WARNING
Position the equipment in such a way as to guarantee its correct aeration
as well as safe accessibility to the front side controls, and rear side power
supply outlets, RF, signal and data connections.
WARNING
Do not position the equipment standing on its rear side, since this can
damage rear panel parts.
WARNING
Carry out the maintenance interventions on the equipment following the
instructions given in this handbook.
WARNING
Follow all accident prevention standards when carrying out maintenance
interventions on the equipment.
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Annexure
WARNING
Disconnect

the

power

supply

before

carrying

out

maintenance

interventions on the equipment.

WARNING
Use only accessories or replacement parts approved by the manufacturer
for the equipment.
WARNING
Only authorized technical personnel may carry out maintenance
interventions on the equipment.

ESD PRECAUTIONS
No ESD precautions have to be taken by the operator in the daily use of the
equipment. The equipment is designed and manufactured in such a way to not
be sensible to electrostatic discharges.
ESD precautions in maintenance / installation
The equipment includes many electrostatic-sensitive parts that must be handled
at a static-safeguarded working area. Furthermore, they must be arranged in
static-safeguarded packages, either in the case of storing, or in the case of
shipment.
These recommendations should be followed with the maximum care, especially
in the case of modules or board extraction and handling, for installation or
maintenance activity, etc.
A static safeguard area may be intended as:

Grounded static dissipating wrist-strap that drains static charge from the
operator wearing it.

A work surface covered with or composed of a grounded, static-dissipating

material that drains electrical charges from devices placed on the surface.

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Annexure
Work surface should provide a standard-size ESD-safeguard snap suitable for
snap-stacking wrist-strap connection. It should be used as a convenient ESD
caution, whenever handling modules and boards. These recommendations are to
be extended also to activity not strictly performed in close equipment
surrounding. If removed, replaced, or located inside workshop, any board should
be handled by means of convenient ESD cautions.
WARNING

Please note that Marconi disclaims any responsibility for problems due to
poor ESD protection during installation/maintenance activity.

Power and grounding

Concerning power and grounding safety aspects, the installation must be
realized in compliance with national applied regulation and standard.
It is important to note that the AK100 module not requires a mechanical
grounding point. The equipment installation category is III in accordance with
IEC664.
In the rack-fitting version the AK100 module is mounted in a shelf provided with a
mechanical grounding point. In this configuration the installation category is I in
accordance with IEC664. The GND point must be connected with the equipment
room grounding bar via a dedicated cable with resistance lower than 0.1 ohm,
according to EN 60950. An AWG 10 (or 5 mm2) copper conductor is
recommended.

Supply lines protections

The external AC supply lines do not directly enter in the AK100 module but
through the AC-DC converter. It is important to note that a magneto-thermal and
differential circuit breaker must be installed on the external AC supply lines for
protection, allowing for both phases breaking (live and neutral).
Breaker must have 5A/250V nominal current and voltage figures, and breaking
intervention must be in the range 15 to 25 A. Differential intervention threshold
must be 20 mA.
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Annexure
If the equipment is powered through a power switchboard, the breaker may be
conveniently arranged within the switchboard, also providing selective ON/OFF
switching.
In any case the protection device/system must be in full respect of requirements
stated by national applied regulation and standard.
If the equipment is DC-powered by external battery pack, the use of an external
20A fast-acting fuse on the positive pole, together with a circuit switching
breaker, is mandatory, in order to allow safe battery replacing and maintenance
without disconnecting cabling. The battery should possibly be placed in a
different environment than the equipment; this environment must be aerated, and
battery poles must be protected wrt accidental contacts.
WARNING

In no case, any of the equipment protecting fuses must be replaced with

fuses of different type, nominal figures and/or different operating
characteristics

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Annexure
ANNEXURE 2
GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS
ACRONYM

MEANING

AC

Alternating Current

ATC

Air Traffic Control

AWG

American Wire Gauge

CE

Conformit Europene / Certified Europe

CEI

Comitato Elettrotecnico Internazionale

CEI-EN

CEI_European Norm

DC

Direct Current

EEC

European Economic Community

EMC

ElectroMagnetic Compliance

EMI

ElectroMagnetic Interference

EN

European Norm

ESD

ElectroStatic Discharge

ETS

European Telecommunications Standard

ETSI

European Telecommunications Standards Institute

GND

Ground

HE

HhenEinheit ( 44.45 mm, 19'' System )

IEC

International Electrotechnical Committee/Commission

LCD

Liquid Crystal Display

LED

Light Emitting Diode

MTTR

Mean Time To Repair

NC

Normally Close

NO

Normally Open

P/N

Part Number

PCB

Printed Circuit Board

PTT

Push to Talk

RAL

Color standard by "Deutsches Institut fr Gtesicherung und

Kennzeichnung"

RF

Radio Frequency

RX

Receiver

TX

Transmitter

wrt

with respect to

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