Anti-collision in COMPASS
Anti-collision scanning in COMPASS is governed by the separation factor:
center to center distance (CTC)
Separation factor (S.F) =
Radius of uncertainty reference well, Ri +Radius of uncertainty offset well, Ro
SF<1 = risk collided (shut in well)
1<SF<1.5 = Monitor (<1.5) and stop drilling (<1.25)
Reference well Offset well
Ro
CTC
Ri
The value of CTC is determined by 4 scan methods:
Closest to 3D
Horizontal Plane
Traveling Cylinder
Traveling Cylinder North
Closest Approach 3D (Halliburton default rules) At each MD interval on the reference
wellpath, the COMPASS software computes the distance to the
closest point on the offset wellpath. At the scan depth on your
reference wellpath, imagine an expanding bubble or spheroid. D&M uses
The minimum distance occurs when the surface of the spheroid this
just touches the offset wellpath. Because the offset wellpath is
now at a tangent to your spherical bubble, the line of closest
approach is perpendicular to your offset wellpath.
Horizontal Plane This method is the horizontal distance from
the reference wellpath to the offset wellpath.
The following graphic depicts the Horizontal Scan Method:
Traveling Cylinder This scan method uses a plane
perpendicular to the reference wellpath and intercepting offset
wellpaths as they cut through the plane. The surface resembles a
cylinder with the size of the maximum scan radius. The traveling
cylinder method computes distance from the offset wellpath
stations back to the reference wellpath. The benefit of this
method is that intercepts are detected even when the wellpaths
are approaching at a perpendicular. In this case, more than one
point may be in the Traveling Cylinder plane for the same depth
on the reference. Depths are interpolated on the offset wellpaths,
resulting in irregular depths on the reference wellpath.
Therefore, the 3D anticollision view and traveling cylinders
depth slice option are not possible with this method because they
rely on regular depths on the reference. Travel cylinder north refers to
azimuth + highside of the tool face
The value of "Radius of uncertainty reference well,Ri +Radius of uncertainty offset well,Ro" is
determined by 4 error surfaces:
Elliptical conic
Circular conic
Reference well Offset well
Combined covarian
Vector
Elliptical Conic The elliptical conic method interpolates the
error surface in each wellbore by assuming the surface is an
ellipse with major and minor axis perpendicular to the wellbore. Ro
Because the center-to-center plane can intersect the error
Ri
ellipsoid at any direction from the wellbore, the resulting radius
used in the separation factor calculation ranges from the
minimum dimension of the ellipse (minor axis) to a maximum
dimension (major axis). The ellipse also has an intermediate axis
with a magnitude somewhere between the minor and major
axis dimensions.
Rminor<Ri < Rmajor, Rminor<Ro< Rmajor
Reference well Offset well
Circular Conic The circular conic method uses the largest
dimension (major axis) of the error ellipsoid at a point to define
Ro=major
a spheroid about the wellbore. Projected down the wellbore, this
becomes a cone. Using the circular conic method is always the
most conservative because it uses the largest dimension of the
ellipse. Therefore, it produces lower ratio values and
more warnings
Ri = major
Ro = R major
Ri = R major
Reference well Offset well
Combined Covariance This method combines the errors on
the reference and offset by covariance addition before any
distance calculations are performed. The error distance is then
computed by the elliptical conic method on the resulting
single ellipsoid. The separation
factor derived from the combined covariance technique can be
directly correlated to collision risk as it represents the standard Ro+Ri=combined
deviation value for the tail of the probability distribution. jor
Pedal curve (Halliburton Default Rule)- This overcomes the previous
problem by projecting the extremities of the ellipses onto
the separation vector.
D&M uses
this
SF>1 even collided
The equation of Separation factor can be adjusted by:
No (Halliburton Default Rule) Casing diameters are not applied.
Add Casing diameters are added to the error ellipse
dimensions. The calculation is:
Separation Factor Ratio = Center to Center Distance /
(Reference Error Radius + Offset Error Radius + Offset Casing
Radius + Reference Hole Radius)
Subtract Casing diameters are subtracted from the
center-to-center distance. The calculation is:
Separation Factor Ratio = (Center-to-Center Distance - Offset
Casing Radius - Reference Hole Radius) / (Reference Error
Radius + Offset Error Radius)
