nedMag 99® is also increasingly being used in the production of Why combine nedMag99® with fused magnesia?
magnesia carbon bricks for steel applications. In this case, our The large crystals of fused MgO 97% grade, with few grain bounda-
product is used in combination with electro fused magnesia. ries and low open porosity, prevent infiltration and chemical attack
The special properties of nedMag 99® come out well in the fine (less corrosion). However, when fused magnesia is used in the
fractions of the magnesia carbon brick. Especially for this smaller, ball-milled fractions, this results in coarse open porosity
application, Nedmag Industries offers a product variant with and more infiltration of the slag. This combination makes the bricks
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high density: nedMag 99 HD. less brittle and more shock-resistant.
The use of nedMag 99®, characterized by its high density and
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nedMag 99 HD is used: small pores in the smaller fractions, gives better ceramic bonding.
• for the production of magnesia carbon bricks nedMag 99® can easily be used in combination with fused
• in combination with fused magnesia magnesia, resulting in the optimization of both wear index and
• in the fine fractions of the magnesia carbon brick elasticity of the magnesia carbon brick.
• in order to obtain the best refractory properties
Characteristics of nedMag 99® HD:
nedMag 99® has a very high purity, with a high lime/silica ratio (4:1),
resulting in good resistance to high application temperatures.
nedMag 99® HD has a high density (3.43 g/cm3), resulting in smaller
pores giving hardly any infiltration of steel or slag.
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nedMag 99 HD - Perfect density
Using nedMag 99® with a low and properly-controlled boron level
(0.01% B2O3) prevents the formation of low melting second phases
and makes the brick more resistant to higher temperatures.
The use of nedMag 99® in the smaller fractions of the brick
introduces greater elasticity and hence reduces thermal stress.
Substitution of electro fused magnesia by nedMag 99® results in
a smaller carbon footprint. The partial replacement of energy-
intensive electro fused magnesia by nedMag 99® reduces environ-
mental impact.
Nedmag is one of the few producers in the world capable of producing
DBM with a purity close to 99%. In a market in which most suppliers
do not get beyond a purity of 97%, this can rightly be termed ‘close to
perfection’.
High purity leads to better refractory properties. Using nedMag 99®,
you can produce magnesia spinel bricks for the rotary kiln which can
withstand the highest levels of mechanical, chemical and thermal stress.
nedMag 99® -
nedMag 99® purity Optimum chemical
• high magnesia oxide content
• low lime content
• zero free lime content
composition
• low level of impurities
It is not only a high MgO content which is important for good
Thermal stress can be caused by local overheating, especially in the refractory properties. These can also be affected by the chemical
first lining zones, when using alternative fuels. This has a weakening composition of the remaining impurities. The composition of
effect on the microstructure of the brick. The effect is reduced by using nedMag 99® is beneficial thanks to a high lime/silica ratio and a
a high-purity raw material. nedMag 99 has a high magnesium oxide
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low and properly controlled boron level.
content (98.5% MgO), combined with a low silica content (0.12% SiO2)
and a high lime/silica ratio (>4:1). Since no low melting phases are Mechanical stress like erosion may lead to abrasion of the magne-
formed, this results in very good resistance to high temperatures. sia spinel brick. A high lime/silica ratio promotes the formation of
high melting tri-calcium silicates (>1,900� C). High melting phases
Chemical stress created by corrosion can lead to a weak micro- increase the abrasion resistance of the brick. Using nedMag 99®
structure and to spalling of the magnesia spinel brick. Using high- with a high magnesium oxide content and high lime/silica ratio
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purity nedMag 99 Dead Burned Magnesia with a high magnesium
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oxide (98.5% MgO) content and low lime content (0.74% CaO) limits the
nedMag 99 - (>4:1) results in less abrasion of the magnesia spinel brick in the
rotary kiln.
risk of corrosion. Using nedMag 99 in magnesia spinel bricks leads
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to reduction of spalling phenomena in the rotary kiln.
Unrivalled purity Chemical Composition nedMag 99
Typical
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Specification Too much boron in the magnesia sinter causes the formation of
MgO % 98.5 98.35 min. * low melting phases with calcium oxide in the magnesia spinel
A nedMag 99® magnesia spinel based brick is not sensitive to the CaO % 0.74 0.83 max. brick. This makes the brick more sensitive to high temperatures.
formation of low melting calcium aluminate phases in the lining of SiO2 % 0.12 0.20 max. Using nedMag 99® with a low and properly controlled boron level
the rotary kiln during clinker production. B2O3 % 0.01 0.02 max. (0.01% B2O3) prevents the formation of low melting phases in the
Al2O3 % 0.07 0.12 max. magnesia spinel brick.
The absence of free lime results in a highly hydration-resistant Fe2O3 % 0.44 0.57 max.
product. Both the magnesia sinter and the magnesia spinel brick MnO2 % 0.12 0.14 max.
made from nedMag 99® have a long storage life. * MgO content by weight difference
nedMag 99® close to perfection
Nedmag Industries
Mining & Manufacturing B.V.
P.O. Box 241
9640 AE Veendam
The Netherlands
T +31 598 65 19 11
F +31 598 65 12 05
E [email protected]
I www.nedmag.nl
An unfavourable microstructure in the raw material can easily lead to
weak spots in rotary kiln bricks. For this reason, Nedmag Industries’
synthetic production process generates a fine, homogeneous structure
of the DBM.
nedMag 99® microstructure
• optimum crystal size: 70 μm
• very homogeneous microstructure due to the synthetic process
• low porosity and homogeneous distribution of small pores (1-2 μm)
• high density: minimum 3.40 g/cm3
In a rotary kiln, different kinds of mechanical stress occur. This can
cause mechanical tensions within the magnesia spinel bricks, leading
to spalling of the bricks. The optimum crystal size of nedMag 99®
(70 µm) increases the elasticity of the brick and reduces spalling.
nedMag 99® has a high density of minimum 3.40 g/cm3 and a homoge-
neous distribution of very small pores. This results in magnesia spinel
bricks with a very low permeability which limits gas and alkali
infiltration. This gives a longer life in severe conditions where alterna-
tive fuels are used.
nedMag 99® - Fine, homogeneous microstructure
Due to the synthetic production process, Nedmag is able to produce a
product with a very consistent composition. This makes nedMag 99®
easy to handle in the production process of the magnesia spinel bricks.
Due to its composition and characteristics,
nedMag 99® based refractories are better
able to withstand extreme stress, of
whatever kind. This makes them ideally
suited to kilns fed with alternative fuels.
Using nedMag 99® in the upper and lower
transition zones optimises the operating
conditions of the rotary kiln and increases
its practical value.
