1.
0 Introduction
There are about 375,000 species of plants, with yet a lot more to be discovered every year. Plant
species are spread all over the world, and some species can survive the extreme conditions, from the
hot and dry temperature of the desert, and tundra’s cold weather by evolving. The evolution of plants
has created a huge diversity of plant species. Plants come in variety types of leaf shapes, and this is a
way for them to adapt to the environments in which they live (Prof Andy Lowe, 2017). The shapes of
the plants help them to cope as it affect the temperature regulation, humidity control, and prevention
of water loss. There are a lot of shapes of plants catalogued and recorded, such as obovate, ovate,
oblong, oval, linear, deltoid, cordate, elliptical and lanceolate ( Emily Pate )
In this lab, students will learn about the variety of shapes of the leaves. The shape of leaves plays
an important role in helping students to have a keen awareness of the plant taxonomic terminology
and precise mental pictures of plants as the work and studies in botany are always related to plant.
2.0 Objective
1. To help student identify and differentiate shapes of leaves from different species.
3.0 Materials, Apparatus & Methods
3.1 Material
Plants
3.2 Apparatus
Camera
Notebook
3.3 Methods
1. Students went to field that has a variation of plant species and observed them
2. Students tried to identify the plants and theirs leaf shapes based on the lab manual given.
3. The shapes of the leaves observed are checked and the picture of the leaves are taken using a
camera.
4.0 Result
Figure 4.1.1 Shows the drawing of the linear leaf shape in
Figure 4.1 Shows a picture of a linear shaped leaves
Figure 4.1
Figure 4.2 shows a picture of an oblong shaped leaves Figure 4.2.1 shows a drawing of the oblong shaped leaves
in Figure 4.2
Figure 4.3.1 shows a drawing of the cordate shaped leaf
Figure 4.3 shows a picture of cordate shaped leaf
Figure 4.4.1 shows a drawing of the picture of ovate
Figure 4.4 shows a picture of an ovate shaped leaf
shaped leaf in figure 4.4
Figure 4.5.1 shows a drawing of a deltoid shaped leaf from
Figure 4.5 shows a picture of a deltoid shaped leaf
Figure 4.5
Figure 4.6.1 shows a drawing of the elliptical shaped leaf
Figure 4.6 shows a picture of an elliptical shaped leaf
from Figure 4.6
Figure 4.7.1 shows a drawing of the obovate shaped leaf
Figure 4.7 shows a picture of an obovate shaped leaf
from Figure 4.7
Figure 4.8 shows a picture of a lanceolate shaped leaf Figure 4.8.1 shows a drawing of a lanceolate shaped leaf
from Figure 4.8
Figure 4.9 shows a picture of an oval shaped leaf Figure 4.9.1 shows a drawing of the oval shaped leaf from
Figure 4.9
5.0 Discussion
Leaf is the part of plants that contain chlorophyll, dissimilar exogenous lateral flattened
outgrowth which is borne on the node of the stem or its branch and is specialized to perform
photosynthesis (M Manisha, nd). Leaves are specialized in the synthesis of organic food in the process of
photosynthesis, and it also helps in the gas exchange, transpiration and to help store or lose water when
needed.
Although all leaves serve same function, they come in different form. There are a few main
types, such as the as obovate, ovate, oblong, oval, linear, deltoid, cordate, elliptical and lanceolate.
Plants have different way of coping with the environment. Some plants cope with its
environment by modifying their root structure. For instance, the Rhizopora (Pokok Bakau Kurap) has
root that uplift the tree so that it will not be soaked in water. Some plants, like cactuses, has needle-like
leaves to counter the dry and hot weather of the environment they live in.
However, it is observed that some plants shift shape as they grow older. For example, a plant
observed in this experiment showed this characteristics. For example, plant in Figure 4.9 has a rounder-
shaped for the younger leaves but as they grow older, the leaf become more oval- like.
