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Lecture 5: Worksheet: Math 1A: Introduction To Functions and Calculus Oliver Knill, 2012

1) This document discusses a lecture on extrema and the intermediate value theorem. Key topics covered include finding maxima/minima of functions, the intermediate value theorem, and examples where it does or does not apply. 2) The intermediate value theorem states that if a function is continuous on a closed interval, and its values at the endpoints are known, then the function must take on all values between them somewhere within the interval. 3) However, the intermediate value theorem does not guarantee a point where 1/sin(x) = 1/2, because 1/sin(x) is not continuous at x = π/2 and x = 3π/2.

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Vimal Raj
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44 views1 page

Lecture 5: Worksheet: Math 1A: Introduction To Functions and Calculus Oliver Knill, 2012

1) This document discusses a lecture on extrema and the intermediate value theorem. Key topics covered include finding maxima/minima of functions, the intermediate value theorem, and examples where it does or does not apply. 2) The intermediate value theorem states that if a function is continuous on a closed interval, and its values at the endpoints are known, then the function must take on all values between them somewhere within the interval. 3) However, the intermediate value theorem does not guarantee a point where 1/sin(x) = 1/2, because 1/sin(x) is not continuous at x = π/2 and x = 3π/2.

Uploaded by

Vimal Raj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Math 1A: introduction to functions and calculus Oliver Knill, 2012

Lecture 5: Worksheet

Groundhog day is tomorrow. We study extrema and the intermediate


value theorem.

0 1 2
The intermediate value theorem
Feb 2 Feb 2 Feb 2

1 Today the average temperature is 38◦ Fahrenheit. Last year


at this time, the temperature had been 33◦. Was there a time The derivative and extrema
between Feb 1, 2011 and Feb 1, 2012, when the temperature was
exactly 35◦?
5 Find a concrete function which has only one local maximum,
2 Is there a point x, where
and no local minimum.
1 1
= .
sin(x) 2
6 We have seen a remarkable theorem assuring the existence of
maxima and minima. In the classical sense this is not true. We
Why does the intermediate value theorem not give such a point? will define critical points as points, where f ′(x) = 0 and see that
We have 1/ sin(π/2) = 1 and 1/ sin(3π/2) = −1. for f (x) = x3 , the derivative is 3x2 which is zero at x = 0. Does
3 The earth’s diameter is 12’756 km in average. Is there a point f (x) have a local maximum or minimum at x = 0?
on earth where the distance to its antipiode is exactly 12’756 km?
4 The function f (x) = x − floor(x) is called the ground hog
function. If you know the movie with Bill Murray, you know
why. Find an interval where the intermediate value theorem fails.

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