Certificate
This is to certify that K. Pooja,
a student of class XII-A has
successfully completed the
research on Effect of
Temperature on magnetic
strength the under the
guidance of Dr. Ajay Gehlot
(School Teacher) during the
year 2017-18 in partial
fulfilment of Physics practical
examination conducted CBSE
Board, New Delhi.
Signature of the external examiner
Signature of the Physics teacher
Acknowledgem
ent
In the accomplishment of this project
successfully many people have best
owned upon me as their blessing and
the heart pledged support, this time I
am utilizing to thank all the people who
have been concerned with project.
I would like to thank god for being
able to complete this project with
success. Then I would like to thank my
Physics teacher Dr. Ajay Gehlot
Sirwhose valuable guidance has been
the ones that helped me patch this
project and make it full proof success
his suggestions and instructions has
served as the major contribution.
Then I would like to thanks my Parents
and Friends who have helped me with
their valuable suggestions and
guidance have been helpful in the
various phases of the completion of
this project.
Index
1. Certificate of Excellence
2. Acknowledgement
3. Aim
4. Hypothesis
5. Material required
6. Theory
7. Procedure
8. Observation
9. Conclusion
10. Bibliography
Aim
The aim of this experiment is to
determine the effect of temperature on
the strength of a magnet
Hypothesis
It is believed that the colder the magnet,
the stronger the magnetic force.
Graphically, the result will resemble an
exponential curve, with magnetic force
decreasing as the temperature increases.
Our independent variable is temperature.
Our dependent variable is magnetism; this
will be calculated using the amount of
paperclips that the magnet is able to
collect at each measured temperature.
Theory
A magnet is any object that produces a
magnetic field. Some magnets, referred to as
permanent, hold their magnetism without
external electric current. Soft magnets on the
other hand are those that lose their
magnetic charge properties over time.
Additionally, paramagnetic objects are these
that can become magnetic only when in the
presence of an external magnetic field.
A magnetic field is the space around a
magnet in which force is exerted by a
magnet. Magnetism is created by the
alignment of small domains within a set of
metal.
In 1800, Curie discovered that there exists a
temperature at which objects that were
previously permanent magnets lose their
magnetism. At Curie temperature a
permanent magnet become paramagnetic
magnet.
The overall strength of a magnet is
measured by its magnetic moment or the
total magnetic flux it produces. The local
strength of magnetism in a material is
measured by its magnetism.
Material
Required
1. Safety glasses
2. Permanent bar magnets
3. Tongs for magnet
4. Ice
5. Water
6. Insulating container
7. 3 Strong bowls
8. Small Pot
9. Oven
10. Paper clips
Procedure
Cold Process
1. Place magnet and freezer thermometer
in freezer set to lowest temperature
possible and wait approximately for 20
min.
2. Record the temperature (.C) and place
the magnet in the paperclip bowl.
3. Remove the magnet and weigh the
paperclips attached to the magnet in
grams.
4. Set the freezer to 5-celcius degrees
higher than previous.
5. Repeat the procedure for 4 to 6 times
till the temperature reaches 0-celcius
degree.
Hot Process
1. Place magnet in oven, set to highest
temperature possible and wait
approximately for 20 min.
2. Record the temperature (.C) and
place the magnet in the paperclip bowl.
3. Remove the magnet and weigh the
paperclips attached to the magnet in
grams.
4. Set the oven to 5.C higher than
previous.
5. Repeat the procedure for 4 to 6
times till the temperature reaches 0.C.
Observation
Magnet under cold
condition
Temperature(.C) Weight of
Paperclips(grams)
-25 300
-20 280
-15 250
-10 230
-5 210
Magnet under hot
condition
Temperature(.C) Weight of
Paperclips(grams)
5 160
10 130
15 100
20 75
25 50
Conclusion
Magnetic materials maintain a balance
between temperature and magnetic
domains. When exposed to extreme
temperatures, this balance is destabilized.
Thus, magnetic properties are then
affected. While cold strengthens magnets.
As the atoms speed up, the percentage of
magnetic domains spinning in the same
direction decreases. This lack of cohesion
weakens the magnetic force and
eventually demagnetizes it entirely.
In contrast, when a magnet is exposed to
extreme cold, the atoms slow down so the
magnetic domains are aligned and in turn
strengthen.
Bibliography
1. Help From Internet
2. Help From Teacher
3. Help From Library
