Design and Analysis of Annular Ring
Triangular Microstrip Patch Antenna
Swagata B Sarkar
Assistant Professor
Sri Sairam Engineering College
Chennai, India
[email protected]Abstract- Microstrip patch antennas are heavily used in
the field of communication for their compact size, low II. DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS
cost, flexibility and efficiency. Different shapes and sizes
of patch antennas are available in the market. In this
paper comparison between triangular patch antenna of
5.88 GHz and annular ring triangular patch antenna is
The Triangular Microstrip patch antenna parameters
done. It is seen that the Return Loss is increased by are calculated from the formulas given below:
57.4% whereas Gain is improved by 37.09% after
introducing the annular ring in the Triangular Patch ଶכ
݂ ݎൌ (1)
Antenna. Simulated and implemented result is ଷככξఌ
compared and got 6.94% deviation in frequency for the
implemented antenna. Where fr = Resonance Frequency =5.88 GHz
c = Free space velocity of light = 3 x 1010
Keywords: Triangular Patch Antenna, Annular Ring, cm/sec
Return Loss, Gain a= Length of one side of Equilateral
Triangle in cm
I. INTRODUCTION ߝ ݎൌPermittivity of FR4 Epoxy substrate =
4.4
Triangular patch antenna is a very popular design of
Microstrip Patch Antenna family. Different types of The side of the equilateral triangle is 16.217 mm.
triangular patches are available. In this paper
equilateral triangular patch antenna with Microstrip
feed is designed for 5.88 GHz frequency. The Return TABLE I
Loss, Band Width, Gain, Smith Chart, VSWR are Antenna Parameters
observed for both the Triangular Patch antenna as Antenna Design parameters Value
well as Annular ring Triangular Patch Antenna. It is Resonance Frequency 5.88 GHz
Substrate FR4 Epoxy
observed that the Band Width for both the cases are Permittivity 4.4
152 MHz but Return Loss is increased by 57.4% and Length of one side of 16.217 mm (Theoretical)
Gain is improved by 37.09%. Equilateral Triangle
17.56 mm (Practical)
I. RESULTS, DISCUSSIONS &
IMPLEMENTATION
The comparative study between Triangular patch
antenna and annular ring Triangular patch Antenna is
done here along with their results. From the analysis it
is observed that Gain and return Loss improved by
37.09% and 57.4% respectively.
978-1-5090-6221-8/17/$31.00 2017
c IEEE 21
Figure 2 describes the return loss of the
antenna.
TABLE II
Comparison of parameters for triangular patcn antenna and annular ring
triangular patch antenna
S. No. Types of Resona S11 Retu Band VS Gain
Antenna nce rn Width( W (dB)
Freque Loss MHz) R 0
ncy (dB) Deg
Phi
1 Triangular 5.88 - 16.8 152 2.4 - Fig.3. Band Width of Triangular Microstrip
Microstrip GHz 16.88 801 81 8.060
Patch 01 8 5 Patch Antenna
Antenna
2 Concentric 5.72 - 26.5 152 1.1 -
Circle GHz 26.56 697 17 5.879
Figure 3 and 4 describes the VSWR and
Triangular 97 5 7 Bandwidth of the antenna.
Microstrip
Patch
Antenna
SIMULATION FOR TRIANGULAR
Fig.4. VSWR of Triangular Microstrip
MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA
Patch Antenna
Fig.5. Smith Chart of Triangular Microstrip Patch
Antenna
Fig.1. Design of Triangular Microstrip Patch Antenna
Figure 5 & 6 describes the radiation pattern
and smith chart.
Fig.2. Return Loss of Triangular Microstrip Patch
Antenna
22 2017 Second International Conference On Computing and Communications Technologies(ICCCT’17)
Fig.9. Return Loss of Annular Ring Triangular
Fig.6. Radiation Pattern of Triangular Microstrip Microstrip Patch Antenna
Patch Antenna
Fig.10. Band Width of Annular Ring Triangular
Fig.7. Gain of Triangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Microstrip Patch Antenna
Figure 7 is for gain of the antenna.
SIMULATION FOR ANNULAR
RING TRIANGULAR
MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA
Fig.11. VSWR of Annular Ring Triangular Microstrip
Patch Antenna
Fig.8. Design of Annular Ring Triangular Microstrip
Fig.12. Smith Chart of Annular Ring Triangular
Patch Antenna
Microstrip Patch Antenna
Figure 8 is the design of Annular ring
Figure 9, 10, 11, 12 are the output for
Microstrip antenna whose three axes are
Return loss, Band Width, VSWR and
length, height and width respectively.
Smith Chart.
2017 Second International Conference On Computing and Communications Technologies(ICCCT’17) 23
Fig.13. Radiation Pattern of Annular Ring Triangular
Microstrip Patch Antenna
Fig.16. S11 Measurement of Annular Ring Triangular
Microstrip Patch Antenna using Network Analyzer
Fig.14. Gain of Annular Ring Triangular Microstrip
Patch Antenna
Fig.17. VSWR Measurement of Annular Ring
Triangular Microstrip Patch Antenna using Network
Analyzer
Fig.15. Implementation and Measurement of Annular Fig.18. Smith Chart for Annular Ring Triangular
Ring Triangular Microstrip Patch Antenna using Microstrip Patch Antenna using Network Analyzer
Network Analyzer
24 2017 Second International Conference On Computing and Communications Technologies(ICCCT’17)
TABLE III
Comparison of parameters for simulated and implemented annular
ring triangular patch antenna
S. No. Types of Resonan S11 Return Band VSW
Antenna ce Loss(dB Width(MH R
Frequenc ) z)
y
1 Simulate 5.72 -26.5697 26.5697 152 1.117
d GHz 5
Concentr
ic Circle
Triangul
ar
Microstri
p Patch
Antenna
Fig.19. Polar plot of Smith Chart for Annular Ring 2 Impleme 5.76 -19.246 19.246 278 1.212
Triangular Microstrip Patch Antenna using Network nted GHz 3
Analyzer Concentr
ic Circle
Triangul
ar
Microstri
p Patch
Antenna
Figure 15 to 20 describes the practical
implementation of Annular Ring Microstrip
Antenna.
Fig.20. Phase Delay for Annular Ring Triangular
Microstrip Patch Antenna using Network Analyzer
V REFERENCES
IV CONCLUSIONS
[1] Balanis, Constantine A.”Antenna Theory-
In this paper 5.88 GHz Triangular Microstrip Patch Analysis and Design”, published by John
antenna is designed and compared with Annular Ring Wiley & Sons (3rd Edition) 2005.
Triangular Microstrip Patch Antenna by using HFSS 13
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is improved by 57.4%. Simulated and implemented Razik Sebak “Improving the radiation
result is compared and got 6.94% deviation in frequency characteristics of patch Antenna using Two
for the implemented antenna. The frequency deviation is EBG Structures” Radio Science
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due to the effect of the permittivity of the substrate. 10.1109/NRSC 6587912, IEEE Conference
Publications, 2013.
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erview.aspx.
2017 Second International Conference On Computing and Communications Technologies(ICCCT’17) 25
[4] Wong, T.P. and Lu K, K.M.,”A wide
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26 2017 Second International Conference On Computing and Communications Technologies(ICCCT’17)
