Strong
Roots -APJ Abdul Kalam Date: 24/04/2020
Short Answer Type (Mark 1) Descriptive Type (Marks 6)
1. “Why don’t you say this to the people who come to
you for help and advice?” ‐ Who says this and to
24. Why people thanked Kalam’s’ father? whom? What is referred to by the word ‘this’? Why do
Ans: People thanked Kalam’s father for being cured. the people come to the person spoken to?
25. With whom did Kalam eat?
Ans: The writer of the extract ‘Strong Roots’, Dr. APJ
Ans: Normally Abdul Kalam ate with his mother.
Abdul Kalam asks this to his father, Jainulabdeen.
26. How was the locality where Kalam lived?
Here the word ‘this’ referred to Kalam’s father’s
Ans: Abdul Kalam’s locality was Muslim dominated,
spiritual concept of man’s existence on earth. Kalam’s
though a lot of Hindu families also lived there friendly.
father told him that every human being is a specific
27. Who was the high priest of Rameswaram temple?
element within the whole of the manifest divine Being.
Ans: Pakshi Lakshamana Sastry was the high priest of
So we should not afraid of difficulties, sufferings and
Rameswaram temple.
problems. We should try to understand the relevance of
28. What kind of matters did Kalam’s father and Pakshi
our sufferings.
Lakshamana Sastry discuss?
People come to Kalam’s father for help and
Ans: Kalam’s father and Pakshi Lakshamana Sastry
advice when they were in trouble. People who come to
discussed spiritual matters.
him in distress, he is the mediator in their effort to
29. What did Kalam’s father teach him?
propitiate demonic forces with prayers and offerings.
Ans: Kalam’s father taught him the fundamental Truths
2. Give a brief account of Kalam’s childhood as
and values of life.
presented in ‘Strong Roots’.
30. How would Kalam’s father start his day?
Or, Why does Abdul Kalam feel that he had a secure
Ans: Kalam’s father would start his day at $ am by
childhood.
reading namaz.
Ans: APJ Abdul Kalam was born and brought up in a
31. What was Kalam’s childhood belief about prayers?
middle class Tamil family. His father was neither much
Ans: In childhood Kalam believed that the prayers
educated nor much rich. But he had a great wisdom by
reached God.
birth and true generosity of spirits. Kalam’s mother
32. What type of life did Kalam’s father lead?
Ashiamma was a true helpmate to his father. His parents
Ans: Kalam’s father lived a very simple ife avoiding all
were regarded as an ideal couple. He was a short boy
types of comforts and luxuries.
with undistinguished look but his parents were tall and
33. Where did Kalam’s father go for evening prayers?
handsome. Kalam was given everything he needed. All
Ans: Kalam’s father went to the old mosque in their
necessities in terms of food, medicine and clothing were
locality for evening prayers.
provided for Kalam in his childhood. He was brought up
34. How was the house of APJ Abdul Kalam?
in happiness. He had no material or emotional want. So
Ans: Abdul Kalam’s house was a large pucca house, made
Kalam claims that he had a secure childhood.
of limestone and brick.
3. “Our locality was predominantly Muslim” – Who is
35. “I was born into a middle‐class Tamil family…” –
the speaker. How does the speaker describe the
Who is the speaker here?
locality? What picture of communal harmony do you
Ans: APJ Abdul Kalam is the speaker here.
find in this description?
36. What power, according to Abdul Kalam, shapes our
Ans: The writer of the extract ‘Strong roots’, APJ Abdul
life?
Kalam is the speaker.
Ans: According to Abdul Kalam, there exists a divine
Abdul Kalam has given a description of his
power that shapes our life.
locality. He was born in the island town, Rameswaram. It
37. What was the dissimilarity between Kalam and his
was then a part of Madras State under the British rule.
Parents?
He lived in his ancestral house in Mosque Street.
Ans: Abdul Kalam was a short boy with undistinguished
Rameswaram was very famous to pilgrim for the Shiva
look while his parents were tall and handsome.
temple which was near his house. In the locality there
38. “Then he answered in a low, deep voice…” – What
was an old mosque where Kalam’s father took him for
was the impact of the answer upon the writer?
prayers. The locality was predominantly Muslim but a lot
Ans: The answer given by his father filled the writer, APJ
of Hindu families lived there too.
Abdul Kalam with a strange energy and enthusiasm.
Abdul Kalam has presented a picture of
communal harmony in his locality. The locality was
dominated by Muslims but there were a great number
of Hindu families. People of both the religions lived there
with harmony and peace. There was a famous Shiva
temple and a Mosque too. The high priest of Shiva
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Strong
Roots -APJ Abdul Kalam Date: 24/04/2020
*What does Kalam say about his emulation of his
Temple, Pakshi Lakshmana Sastry was a great friend of father?
Kalam’s father. People of different religions came to Ans: In his autographical writing ‘Strong Roots’, Dr.
Kalam’s father for help and advice. Kalam has expressed his great admiration for his father,
4. What did Kalam’s father tell him about the relevance Jainulabdeen. He has described his father’s daily life. He
of prayers? recollects that his father would start his day at 4 am by
Or, What was Kalam’s father’s response to his son’s reading namaz before dawn. Thereafter he would go to
query about prayers and spirituality? their small grove of coconut trees by walking about four
Ans: When Kalam was a child, he had seen the people miles. He would return with a dozen of coconuts tied
chanting prayers at the old mosque. He could not make together and thrown over his shoulder. He would then
out the meaning of the prayers in Arabic language, but have his breakfast. Kalam’s father was so disciplined that
he was convinced that those prayers reached God. When he maintained this routine even in his late sixties.
he was old enough to asked questions, he asked his * Dr. Kalam says that he has, throughout his life,
father about the relevance of the prayers. Kalam’s father tried to emulate his father in his own world of science
told him that there was nothing mysterious about the and technology. He has tried his best to understand the
prayers. He told him that the prayers made possible a fundamental truths revealed to him by his father. He
communion of spirits between people. He also said that feels convinced that there exists a divine power that can
when a man prays, he goes beyond his body and guide a person to his true place.
becomes a part of the cosmos. The cosmos knows no 8. How did Dr. Kalam’s father’s spirituality influence
division of age, wealth, cast or creed. him?
5. “I was born into a middle‐class Tamil family…..” – Ans: Dr. Kalam has mentioned in his autobiographical
Who is referred to here as ‘I’? When and where was he essay ‘Strong Roots’ that his father was a spiritual
born? Describe what he recollects about his ancestral person. His father revealed to his certain fundamental
home and childhood? truths of life, the relevance of prayers, existence of
Ans: Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam is referred to here as ‘I’. divine Being and man’s position in the universe. Kalam
Abdul Kalam was born in 1931 in a middle class was much impressed by the spiritualism of his father.
Tamil family in the town of Rameswaram. Kalam has tried to emulate his father in his own world of
Abdul Kalam lived in his ancestral house which science and technology. He believes that there exists a
was made in the middle of 19th century. It was a large supreme power that can lift a man up from confusion,
pucca house made of limestone and bricks, on the misery, melancholy and failure.
Mosque Street in Rameswaram. His father avoided all 9. What was Kalam’s father’s attitude towards
unnecessary comforts and luxuries. His mother was an adversity? How did it influence young Kalam?
ideal helpmate of his father. His parents were regarded Ans: Dr. Kalam’s father expressed his attitude toward
as the most ideal couple. Kalam normally ate with his adversity to his young son. He conveyed complex
mother in the kitchen. He feels that his childhood was spiritual matters in simple Tamil language. He told Kalam
secure emotionally and materially. that every human being is a specific element of manifest
6. What were the fundamental truths that Abdul Kalam divine Being. So a man should not afraid of difficulties,
learnt from his father’s preaching? sufferings and problems. When trouble comes in life a
Ans: Abdul Kalam’s father revealed many fundamental man should try to understand the relevance of his
truths regarding the relevance of prayers and sufferings. When adversity comes in life, it gives an
spirituality. He told him that prayers made possible a opportunity for self‐analysis.
communion of spirits between people. Prayers enables Abdul Kalam was very much impressed by the
a man to transcend his body and become a part of the preaching of his father. His always tried to emulate his
cosmos. Kalam’s father also told him that very human father. He believed in the existence of divine Being. Even
being is a specific part of the manifest divine Being. in his own world of science and technology he believed
Abdul Kalam was much convinced by his father’s that there existed a supreme power.
preaching. He believed that there existed a divine power 10. How does Abdul Kalam remember his mother in
that could lift a man up from confusion, misery, ‘Strong Roots’?
melancholy and failure. If a man avoids his physical and Ans: In ‘Strong Roots’, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam has
emotional bond, he would be on the path of freedom, expressed his great admiration for his parents. His
happiness and peace of mind. mother Ashiamma was a perfect helpmate of his father.
7. How does Dr. Kalam recount his father’s daily His mother belonged to a distinguished family. One of
routine? Or, What had remained the routine for Abdul her ancestors had been given the title of ‘Bahadur’ by
Kalam’s father even when he was in his late sixties? the British. She was very kind and affectionate by nature.
Everyday she would feed many outsiders. In his
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Strong
Roots -APJ Abdul Kalam Date: 24/04/2020
childhood, Kalam had a strong attachment with his
mother. He used to eat with his mother, sitting on the
floor of the kitchen. Dr. Kalam has very nice memories of
his mother.
11. How, according to Kalam’s father, do human being
react to trouble and impasse?
Ans: In ‘Strong Roots’, Dr. Kalam has mentioned that his
father was a close observer of human life and situations.
He observed that whenever human beings are in
trouble, they look someone to help them. Whenever
they reach an impasse, they look to someone to show
them the way out. Every recurrent anguish, longing and
desire finds its own special helper. Everyone wants to
lead a happy and comfortable life. But in life, troubles
come and destroy the happiness. In such situations, only
a guide can help them out to overcome the troubles.
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