Before After
PRESENTED BY
PRESENTED TO
ASHISH CHAUHAN
AR. HARSHITA AGARWAL
VIKAS KASHYAP
BRIEF
• Rajiv Awas Yojana (RAY) scheme ran between 2009 and
2014 as a central sector scheme focusing on slum free
India. This scheme is now succeeded by Pradhan Mantri
Awas Yojana.
• Rajiv Awas Yojana announced by the President in 2009,
focuses on slum dwellers and the urban poor.
• This scheme aims at promoting a slum-free India in five
years and would focus on according property rights to
slum dwellers.
• Provision of Rs. 150 Crore in budget.
BRIEF
The Slum Free City Plan of Action (SFCPoA), is a city level action plan
with investment requirements projected and prioritized for upgrading
the existing slums and planning for provision of houses for the urban
poor for the next 10-15 years.
The plan has two parts;
• Part-I The Curative Strategy includes Slum Improvement or
Redevelopment of all existing slums.
• Part-II for Prevention of Future Slums, includes estimating and
delineating the development of affordable housing for the urban
poor and revision to the existing urban policies to enable housing
for urban poor.
VISION
"Slum Free India" with inclusive and equitable cities in which
every citizen has access to basic civic infrastructure and social
amenities and decent shelter.
MISSION
Encourage States/Union Territories (UTs) to tackle slums in a
definitive manner, by focusing on:
– Bringing all existing slums, notified or non-notified (including
recognised and identified) within the formal system and
enabling them to avail the basic amenities that is available for
the rest of the city/UA
– Redressing the failures of the formal system that lie behind
the creation of slums by planning for affordable housing
stock for the urban poor and initiating crucial policy changes
required for facilitating the same.
WORKING MODEL
• Under the scheme, Central government provides assistance
of 50% of the project cost for Cities with Population more than
5 lakhs, 75% for Cities having population less than 5 lakhs.
• For North-Eastern Region and special category States (Jammu
& Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh & Uttarakhand) central share will
be 80%.
• There is an upper ceiling of Rs. 5 lakh per Dwelling Unit (DU)
for cities with population more than 5 lakhs. This ceiling is Rs. 4
lakhs per DU for smaller cities with population less than 5
lakhs.
• In North East (NE) and special category States, upper ceiling
is Rs. 5 lakh per DU irrespective of population of the city.
Upper ceilings, as above, also include cost of civic
infrastructure and social amenities.
WORKING MODEL
• Rental and transit housing was also admissible under RAY.
• RAY was also to extend financial support to States for creation of
affordable housing stock through PPP under the Affordable Housing in
Partnership (AHP), a component of the scheme.
• The scheme was applicable to all slums within a city, whether notified or
non-notified including identified and recognised, whether on lands
belonging to Central Government or its undertakings, autonomous
bodies created under the Act of Parliament, State government or its
undertakings, ULBs or any other public agency and private sector.
• It was also applicable to “urbanized villages” inside the planning area of
the city, urban homeless and pavement dwellers.
• The scheme included in situ development, up- gradation, and re-
location by way of pucca houses having an area of 21-27sqm. Rental
housing (having area between 16-20sqm and in exceptional cases 21-
27sqm) was also included for the tenants of slums, labourers, floating
population and urban homeless.
REHABILITATION OF SLUM:
A Case Study of West Zone of Surat City
SLUM –
• The word “slum” is often used to describe informal settlements within cities that have
inadequate housing and nasty, miserable living conditions. They are often overcrowded,
with many people crammed into very small living spaces.
• Slum constitutes the most important and persistent problem of urban life.
• They exist almost in all metropolitan cities of the world.
REASON BEHIND SLUM FORMATION-
Rapid urbanization, migration of the underprivileged from rural areas to urban centres and
acute shortage of housing are the main attributes, in the formation of slums.
SURAT-
• Surat, the second largest city in Gujarat state has a dominant role in the sphere of
economic and industrial activities in South Gujarat region.
• Rapid urbanization has been observed in last three decades and many industrial set-
ups have been surfaced in a big way in/and around city resulting in population growth
increases in alarming way.
SLUM IN SURAT-
The problem has been accentuated by continuous migration of the rural
population in search of better working opportunities in the city. The slum pocket
is increasing with the time. The poor affordability and even increasing cost of
housing in the city have degraded the housing conditions as a result slum growth
take place.
SLUM SCENARIO OF SURAT CITY-
The city of Surat in Gujarat is known for its textile trade and textile industries, diamond
cutting, polishing industries, jari industries, mega fertilizer plant, petroleum and
chemical engineering industries.
SLUMS SURVEY AND ANALYSIS-
The survey of the slum dwellers was conducted by considering the following important
variables, such as, income, occupation, size of family, place of origin, period of stay as
slum dwellers, reason for migration, agree to move , saving, remittances, total
monthly expenditure, etc.
1. Migration-
• The observation could be made from the survey is that the major reason for
increasing slum population is migrated from the other states for better employment
opportunities.
• Number of people migrated from the other states in urban area like Surat is
increasing day by day.
• From the survey Maharashtra is having maximum percentage of migrant population
around 36%.
2. SLUM DWELLER STAY PERIOD-
• The population explosion is rampant, and economic growth is shrinking during the
last 10 years, on the other. It leads to further aggravating the existing social
economic evils in the system.
• Moreover, the people from the most backward states of India migrated mostly to
Surat city (the study area).
• It clearly shows that socio-economic evils pushed the people from the rural system
to go out and they land up in the urban system during the last 10 years.
• The persons who are staying in the particular area (study area) since many years just
for better employment opportunity which are nearby their home so that they can
easily go there without any problem.
DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL PLANNING SHELTER FOR THE SLUM DWELLERS-
Housing Strategies for slum Dwellers:
• Building cost-effective housing is a challenging move for developers: it is a new
market on which little knowledge is available, there is almost no return on
experience and the only certitude is that it requires to build drastically cheaper
housing units.
• Traditional residential real estate strategies would not work for that segment and
developers have to redefine several financial and operational aspects of the industry.
There are mainly 4 housing models in its study of low-income housing solutions in
India:
1. Slum Rehabilitation:
Incremental housing in existing slums or moved to another place for better
infrastructure.
2. In Situ Redevelopment:
Slum dwellers in new housing units on existing land where slum already exist.
3. New Housing:
Building of housing units affordable to low income households
4. Renting Model (emerging):
building of housing units where a minimum of 40% will be reserved for low income
households.
PLANNING PROPOSAL:
A Housing for the Urban Poor Low Rise Apartment In this proposal, low rise (G+3) is
provided on the S.M.C. reserve Plot for E.W.S. for different five slum pockets.
Low rises are provided where the huge number of slum dwellers is living on slum
pockets.
• There are total 1344 households
(slum dwellers) living on the different
five slum pocket.
• In this proposal total 42 nos of low
rise buildings (G+3) are provided with
public amenities, recreational area,
and 9mt wide internal roads.
• In the public amenities, 2 number of
anganwadi, one shopping complex
and one police station is provided.
• In low rise building there are total 8
units on each floor so 32 units are in
one building.
Land use proposal
The following infrastructure facilities are divided into two parts one is Physical
infrastructure and another one is Social infrastructure.
In this proposal following physical infrastructure facilities are proposed.
1. Drainage: Underground R.C.C. pipe drain of 250mm diameter.Location of manholes
at 30 mt distance. The connection will be made in existing SMC trunck line.
2. Water Supply: Underground pipe line of minimum 150 mm will be laid & connected
with SMC main trunk line.
3. Streetlight: 6.0 mt. G.I. pipe poles at 20 mt. distance will be laid with tube light
fittings.
4. Roads: All internal roads of 9 mt. width will be constructed with residential street
type design.
5. Pavement: All surrounding areas will be made Pacca by paver block.
6. Solid waste collection: In this door to door collection of garbage will be provided
for the slum dwellers.
SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE-
• Whereas the Social Infrastructure like Aaganwadis, Dispensary, Library, Vegetable
Market, Hawkers Space, Children’s play area, Junction Development, Shopping
Centre are provided in proposed Site.
• By providing this type of infrastcture and housing facilities to the slum dwellers, it
will be helpful to improve their quality of life.
• It will include following material which make house reasonable for those who don’t
pay more.
• Fly ash brick
• Earth quake proof design
• R.C.C. frame for doors
• Moizek tiles
• Kota platform
• Brick bat sitting
• Distemper white colour on walls
• Nominal plumbing
• Sand faced plaster on outer wall
• P.V.C. doors for toilets & flush doors for other
• Under Ground & Over Head tanks with pump
• Internal 12mm smooth lime plaster.
